动词不定式ppt课件

动词不定式动词不定式动词不定式 肯定：肯定：to+V.原原 或者或者(to)+V.原原 否定：否定：not/never+(to)+V.原原1)He likes to read novels.2)I saw him come.3)We decided not to buy that house.4)It is interesting to fly a kite.5)Please let him not go there.动词不定式的结构动词不定式的结构 肯定：to+V.原 或者(to)+V.原 H作主语作主语To hear your voice is so nice.To study hard is very important.It is so nice to hear your voice.It is very important to study hard.不定式作主语时，通常用it作形式主语，把真正的主语放在后面。注意注意:1、It is+adj.for/of sb.to do sth.不定式做主语不定式做主语 谓语动词用单数谓语动词用单数作主语To hear your voice is so niIt+be+adj.+for/of sb.to do sth.for:adj.多多为为描描述述不不定定式式行行为为的的特特征征（important/necessary/interesting 等等.）of:adj.多为多为 描述主语的品质特征描述主语的品质特征 （kind/nice/friendly/wise/foolish 等等.）作主语作主语It is easy _ her to learn English well.It is clever _ you to solve the problem.offorIt+be+adj.+for/of sb.to d2、It takes sb.some time to do sth.It takes me three hours to finish the homework every day.作主语作主语我每天花去三个小时完成家庭作业。I spend three hours finishing the homework every day.2、It takes sb.some time to do3、It is+n.(for sb)to do sth.It is my pleasure to help you with your English.作主语作主语3、It is+n.(for sb)to do st4 4、用在谚语中、用在谚语中 To see is to believe.To say is easy,but to do is hard.作主语作主语4、用在谚语中 To see is to believe.1、It is necessary _us to learn to wait.(of/for)2、It was careless _me to break the cup.（of/for)3、It took them 1,000 yuan _this table.(buy)4、It is my pleasure _ the box for you.(carry)to buyforofto carry练习练习1、It is necessary _us to 5、轮到我们打扫教室了。、轮到我们打扫教室了。It is our turn_6、To waste time is to shorten life.（翻译成中文）（翻译成中文）to clean the classroom.浪费时间就是缩短生命。浪费时间就是缩短生命。练习练习 to clean the classroom.浪费时间就是1 1、动词、动词+to do sth.常用动词有：常用动词有：want/wish/like/would like/hope/plan/try/decide/learn/need/agree/begin/start/forget/remember/manage/seem/fail/manage/promise等等 1、I hope to finish it tomorrow.2、She plans to go and teach in the country.作宾语作宾语决定决定 学习学习(有有)希望，希望，设法设法 拒绝拒绝 想想 假装假装主动主动 答应答应 选选 计划，计划，同意同意 请求请求 帮一帮帮一帮1、动词+to do sth.1、I hope to f2 2、动词疑问词、动词疑问词+to do I dont know_ next.She cant decide_.作宾语作宾语 2、她不能决定买哪本书。1、我不知道接下来该做什么。what to dowhich book to buy=She cant decide which book she should buy.2、动词疑问词+to do I dont 3 3、主语、主语+谓语谓语+it+adj./n.+to do+it+adj./n.+to do作宾语作宾语常见的谓语动词：常见的谓语动词：find,think,consider,feel,make等等The dusty air makes it difficult to get a clear picture of space.大气中的尘埃使人难以获取太空的清晰图像。我认为学好英语很重要I think it important to learn English well.3、主语+谓语+it+adj./n.+to do作宾语常1、Dont forget _.(关灯关灯)2、I happened _when he called me.（出去）（出去）3、I dont want_.(依赖别人）依赖别人）4、Sam is learning_.(怎样开车）怎样开车）5、We promise _ the environment.(保护保护)to turn off the lightto go outto depend on othershow to drive a car练习练习to protect1、Dont forget _1、动词动词+宾语（宾语（sb./sth.)+to do sth.作宾补作宾补-对宾语进行补充说明对宾语进行补充说明 She asked me to help her.The teacher told him to come on time.Edisons mother taught him to read and write.常用的动词有：常用的动词有：ask,allow,advise,want tell,order,teach,expect等等1、动词+宾语（sb./sth.)+to do st动词多为感官动词、使动词。动词多为感官动词、使动词。一感：feel二听：hear,listen to三使：make,let,have四看：see,notice,watch,look atJohns mother makes him play the piano every day.变被动时 是省略的不定式符号 to要还原回来：hear sb do sb be heard to do sthJohn _ play the piano every day.is made to2、动词、动词+宾语宾语+不带不带to的不定式的不定式注意注意:动词多为感官动词、使动词。Johns mother mak1、Let him _ the work at once.(finish/to finish)2、Do you like listening to other people_?(talk/talking/to talk)3、Jim was seen _the room.(enter/to enter)4、Please tell her _here on time.(come/to come)finishtalkto enterto come练习练习1、Let him _ the work at 5、Ill help you _this problem.(to solve/solve)6、I wish you will stay with us.(改成简单句）改成简单句）7、Her story made us laugh.(改成被动句）改成被动句）(to)solveI wish you to stay with us.We were made to laugh by her story.5、Ill help you _this 1、主语、主语+be+to do sth 主语多为主语多为 duty/wish/hope/idea/plan/ambition/dream/work/job 等等 名词名词 1、My ambition is to be a singer.2、His work is to clean the classroom every day.作表语作表语我的梦想是成为一名歌手。他的工作是每天清扫教室。1、主语+be+to do sth 1、My amb2 2、谚语中、谚语中1、To know everything is to know nothing.2、To see is to believe.2、谚语中1、To know everything is t放在被修饰词的后面放在被修饰词的后面I have a lot of work to do.I want to find something to drink.作定语作定语不定式为不及物动词时后面应有必要的不定式为不及物动词时后面应有必要的介词介词。Im looking for a hotel _.A.stay B.stay at C.to stay D.to stay atD位置位置：放在被修饰词的后面I have a lot of work He hasnt got a house to liveI have no pens to write _.in withHe bought a toy to play with.He hasnt got a house to liveI1、原因状语、原因状语:主语主语+be+adj.(表情感表情感)+to do sth.(happy/glad angry /sorry/sad/afraid 等等)Im sorry to hear that.作状语作状语Im glad to see you.1、原因状语:Im sorry to hear that2 2、目的状语、目的状语 The soldier ran into the room to save the girl.Tom went to the airport _(去接他的爷爷)to meet his grandpa2、目的状语 The soldier ran into th3 3、结果状语、结果状语 too+adj./adv.+to do sth.adj./adv.enough to do sth.You are too young to do this job.He ran fast enough to catch the bus.3、结果状语 You are too young to do动词不定式可以充当的句子成分动词不定式可以充当的句子成分1、作主语、作主语2、作宾语、作宾语3、作宾语补足语、作宾语补足语4、作表语、作表语5、作定语、作定语6、作状语、作状语动词不定式可以充当的句子成分1、作主语2、作宾语3、作宾语补All I did was to give him some advice.His dream is to travel all over the world.Lucy needs a friend to play with.He was the last guest to arrive.Its interesting to read a science fiction.下列不定式作何种成分？下列不定式作何种成分？（表语）（表语）（表语）（表语）（定语）（定语）（定语）（定语）（主语）（主语）All I did was to give him someHe was glad to see you.My father offered to buy a computer for me.He interviewed detective Ken to get some information.The doctor asked him to have more fruit and vegetables.（状语）（状语）（宾语）（宾语）（状语）（状语）（宾语补足语）（宾语补足语）下列不定式作何种成分？下列不定式作何种成分？He was glad to see you.（状语）（宾1、习惯于be used to _ 被用于be used to _Water is used to _(put)out fires.I am used to _(take)a walk after supper.2、prefer to 比起来更喜欢 比起游泳来，我更喜欢跑步。I prefer _ to _.3、look forward to 期待，盼望Im looking forward to _(visit)Beijing again.介词介词 to 与与不定式不定式 to 的区别的区别puttakingrunning swimmingvisitingdodoing1、习惯于be used to _介词 to Exercises1.-Youve done very well this time.-Its really kind _.A.for you to say so B.for you saying soC.of you to say so D.of you saying so2.It is better to lose ones life than _.A.if you lose your spiritB.losing his spiritC.to lose ones spiritD.your spirit getting lostCCExercises1.-Youve done ver3.I cant work in this way.-Why not _ it in some other way?A.try to doB.try doingC.trying to doD.trying doing4.Since you find it difficult _ a decision,youd better a discussion(讨讨论论)with your parents.A.reach;haveB.reaching;haveC.reach;havingD.to reach;haveBD3.I cant work in this way.