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Trends and Needs in Food DiagnosticsLarissaKahr-BIT,AustriaMalinBrnnback-TEKES,FinlandGabrielavonBlankenfeld-Enkvist-TEKES,FinlandAim of the Study8InvestigatetechnologicaltrendsandneedsinFoodDiagnostics8Understandthefactorsthatshapeandinfluencethedevelopmentofthisfield.BureauforInternationalResearchandTechnologyCooperation-AustriaFocus8Backgroundonfoodsafetymanagementtools8Descriptionofthemethodscurrentlyusedandnewmethodsdeveloped8ThemarketforfooddiagnosticsBureauforInternationalResearchandTechnologyCooperation-AustriaDefinitions8FoodDiagnosticsappliesmodernmethodsdevelopedinhumanin vitrodiagnostictofood8RapidMethodscomprisesdifferenttypesoftestsMiniaturisedbiochemicalkitsAntibody-basedtestsNucleicacidhybridisation-basedtestsManual,semi-automatedorfullyautomatedBureauforInternationalResearchandTechnologyCooperation-AustriaDetection8Bacteria,viruses,parasites,chemicals,biotoxins,heavymetalsandprions8Inallstepsofthefoodchain-fromrawmaterialstoendproductsBureauforInternationalResearchandTechnologyCooperation-AustriaFood as test matrix8Extremelyvariedinitschemicalcomposition8Containsmanydifferentingredients8MightcontainanintrinsicmicrobialfloraBureauforInternationalResearchandTechnologyCooperation-AustriaFrame Food Safety8Processcontrolismoreefficientthanproductcontrol8Thesafetyofaproductwithlowdefectratescannotbeguaranteedthroughsamplingandtesting8Thefocusischangingfromend-producttestingtoHACCP8ThishastobeconsideredwhendevelopingnewmethodswithintheconceptualframeoffoodsafetyBureauforInternationalResearchandTechnologyCooperation-AustriaMicrobiological methods can be divided into“traditional”or“conventional”methods and rapid methods BureauforInternationalResearchandTechnologyCooperation-AustriaConventional Methods8Conventionalmethodsrelyonculturingmicroorgansimsontoagarplates8Laboriousandtime-consuming884%ofalltestsarebasedoncountingviablecells8RequiredbynationalandinternationalregulatoryagenciesforofficialcontrolBureauforInternationalResearchandTechnologyCooperation-AustriaRapid Methods8Advantagesinanalysistime8Possibilitytoeliminatelabourintensivesteps8Potentialforautomation8However,lengthyincubationproceduresarestillnecessary8Firstone-shiftmethodsunderdevelopment8ELISAandPCRaredominating8Lackofacommonvalidationprocedure8MostlynotacceptedforofficialcontrolpurposesBureauforInternationalResearchandTechnologyCooperation-AustriaMethods8AdvancesinViableCellCountMethods8MiniaturisationandDiagnosticKits,BiochemicalIdentificationTechniques8Antibody-basedmethods8ImmunomagneticSeparation8Nucleicacid-basedassays8Biosensors8Microarrays8FlowCytometry8Bacteriophage-BasedTechniques8ATPbioluminescence8Adenylatekinasebioluminescence8RiboprintingandPulse-FieldGelElectrophoresisBureauforInternationalResearchandTechnologyCooperation-AustriaViable cell counting8Willremainimportantfortheassessmentofsafetyandqualityoffoodproducts8developmentofsemi-automatedalternativemethods8newmethodsarebasedongrowthandmetabolicactivity8Microscopicmethods8flowcytometryandcellsorting(FACS)BureauforInternationalResearchandTechnologyCooperation-AustriaImmunoassays8ELISA(withdipsticktechnology),Immunochromatography8Fullyautomatedsystemsalreadyonthemarket8NewrecombinantantibodiesandmolecularimprintingtechniquestoimprovesensitivityandversatilityBureauforInternationalResearchandTechnologyCooperation-AustriaImmunomagnetic Separation 8Speedupenrichmentsteps8Nodetectionmethoditself8Combinationwithdifferentend-detectionmethodstoimprove-Speedandsensitivity-Samplethroughput-Userfriendliness-AutomationexpectedinthenextfutureBureauforInternationalResearchandTechnologyCooperation-AustriaNucleic acid based assay8DirectlyorafteramplificationwithPCR8DevelopmentofhomogenousassaysandautomationimprovesroutineuseandreducesfalsepositiveresultsafterPCR8NewassayformatsunderdevelopmentBureauforInternationalResearchandTechnologyCooperation-AustriaBiosensors and Microarrays8On-lineoron-site,sensitive,low-cost,rapidmethodsforroutine-use8Prototypesunderdevelopment8Havehighpotentialforautomation8Simpleandportableequipmentcanbedesigned8Applicationswithinqualityandprocesscontrol,controloffermentationprocesses,qualityandsafetycontrolofrawmaterialsandforHACCPmonitoringBureauforInternationalResearchandTechnologyCooperation-AustriaHygiene monitoring8Needtodeveloprealtimemethodstomonitorcleaningprocedure8Methodsshouldbecheap,robust8ATPbioluminescence,Adenylatekinase,biosensorapplicationsmightbefurtherdevelopedBureauforInternationalResearchandTechnologyCooperation-AustriaMethods ImplementationIn house8alternativemethodsforviablecellcounts8hygienemonitoring8chemicalanalysisOutsourcing8pathogentestingBureauforInternationalResearchandTechnologyCooperation-AustriaThe Market for Food DiagnosticsDefinitions8FoodAnalysis:allfoodtesting8FoodDiagnostics:foodtestingwithrapidmethods8MicrobiologicalTesting:alltestingformicroorganisms8FoodMicrobiologicalTesting:alltestingformicroorganismsinfoodandbeveragesBureauforInternationalResearchandTechnologyCooperation-AustriaThe Market for Food DiagnosticsSome figures 8Foodanalysisglobalmarket1.1billion8Sharedbyabout50companies8USAandEuropemakeupabout2/38565millionglobalsalesforFoodmicrobiologicaltests8Rapidmethods115millionora20%totalmarketshareBureauforInternationalResearchandTechnologyCooperation-AustriaTechnologySales($US millions)Market Share(%)ELISA/EIA7061DNA2522Impedance109Flow Cytometry54ATP 54Total115100BureauforInternationalResearchandTechnologyCooperation-AustriaFood Analysis(million)Food Diagnostics(million)%Food Diagnostics(million)Food pathogens97,51315%Spoilage 22037,517%Chemical contaminants5319,540%Process chemicals1201610%Total490,586BureauforInternationalResearchandTechnologyCooperation-AustriaValidation8AOACvalidationbodyintheU.S.8NordValandMicroValaretheNordicandEuropeanbodies8Problem:lackofacommonvalidationprocedure8InhibitsestablishmentofrapidmethodsBureauforInternationalResearchandTechnologyCooperation-AustriaConclusions8Manynewmethodsandtechnologiesarebeingdeveloped8Increasedsamplethroughputandefficiencythroughautomation8Themarketforrapidmethodsissmall8Penetrationofrapidmethodshasbeenslow8Lackofacommonvalidationprocedureinhibitsacceptanceofnewmethods8TheincentivetotransfertechnologiesmightbetoolowBureauforInternationalResearchandTechnologyCooperation-AustriaRecommendations8Microarraysandbiosensorsshouldbetechnologicallyevaluated8Newmarketopportunitieswithinqualityandprocesscontrolshouldbeexplored8Thedevelopmentofnewmethodsshouldalwaysincludeeffortstoimplementthenewmethod8TheformationofaprivateservicesectorshouldbeencouragedBureauforInternationalResearchandTechnologyCooperation-AustriaBureauforInternationalResearchandTechnologyCooperation-AustriaSecondary Food ProcessingDomestic Food PreparationFood retailing Food CateringPrimary ProductionSupply of Agricultural InputsPrimary Food ProcessingFood DistributionBureauforInternationalResearchandTechnologyCooperation-AustriaFood Safety Management ToolsBureauforInternationalResearchandTechnologyCooperation-Austria
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