新人教必修二Unit1Culturalrelics-Grammar[课件]

Module 2 Unit 1Cultural RelicsGrammar1.Ac_relicisoftensomethingoldthatremindsusofthepast.2.Bothparentswerekilledbytheearthquake,butthechildrens_.3.Thatdictionaryb_tothelibraryisofgreatusefortheEnglishbeginners.4.TheGreatWallofChinaispubliclyrecognizedasoneofthew_oftheworld.5.W_bridgesarenotstrongerthanstoneones.6.TheNewYearhereisoftenc_withadanceparty.7.Therobberwhokilledashopownerwillbeont_nextweek.8.Hep_tobereadinganimportantpaperwhenthebossentered.9.Thet_dugoutoftheearthwasaboxofgoldcoins.10.Canyoushowmeanye_foryourstatement(陈述陈述)?1.cultural2.survived3.belonging4.wonders5.Wooden6.celebrated7.trial8.pretended9.treasure10.evidenceI.Revision (1)完成句子完成句子 1.她坚持说她听到屋里有人。她坚持说她听到屋里有人。She insisted that _ _ _ in the house.2.你对这位新老师的印相如何？你对这位新老师的印相如何？_ _ _ of the new teacker?3.这对我们是否有好处，还有等着看。这对我们是否有好处，还有等着看。Whether it will do us good _ _ _ _.4.国家元首在政治中起关键作用。国家元首在政治中起关键作用。The _ _ _ _ a key role in politics.5.他门在与邻国作战。他门在与邻国作战。They are _ _ _ their neighbouring country.she heard someone Whats your opinionremains to be seen head of state playedat war with (2)句型转换句型转换6.What the teacher advised us to do was of great value.What the teacher advised us to do was_ _.7.The two living rooms are equal in size.The two living rooms are _the same_.8.I planned to ask my assistant to write the report.I planned to _the report _ by my assistant.9.We dont have any doubt that our table tennis team will win the first place._is no _ that our table tennis team will win the first place.10.The theory proved to be true._ can be _that the theory was true.veryvaluableof sizehave/get writtenThere doubtIt proved一、定语从句的定义：一、定语从句的定义：用来修饰用来修饰名词名词或或代词代词的从句叫定语从的从句叫定语从句。被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫句。被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫先行先行词词（antecedent）。定语从句一般是由）。定语从句一般是由关系关系代词代词或或关系副词关系副词来引导的。相当于名词和形来引导的。相当于名词和形容词的作用。容词的作用。eg:1.Doyouknowthemanwho came to see Xiao Yang this morning?2.Thedayisnotfaroffwhen we will make a trip to Britain.定语从句归纳总结定语从句归纳总结二、关系代词和关系副词的作用：二、关系代词和关系副词的作用：1、引导作用、引导作用2、替代作用、替代作用3、在定语从句中担当某个成分的作用、在定语从句中担当某个成分的作用eg:1.Thosewho want to gopleasesignyournameshere.2.Thisisthehousewhere he was born.3.Bill,who was here yesterday,askedmealotofquestions.三、关系代词（三、关系代词（who,whom,which,that,whose）的指代关系）的指代关系指人指人指物指物在定语从句中的在定语从句中的作用作用WhoWhomWhichthatwhose主语主语 宾语宾语宾语宾语主语主语 宾语宾语主语主语 宾语宾语定语定语Eg:1.Heissuchamanwho never tells a lie.2.Heisthemodelworkerwhom/who we should learn from.3.Adictionaryisabookwhich often helps us to know the meanings of the words.4.Thisisthefilmwhich I like best.5.Theboywhose father is a professorisoneofmybestfriends.6.Thehousewhose roof was blown away by the stormwillberebuiltsoon.四、关系代词四、关系代词which和和that的区别：的区别：A.关系代词必须用关系代词必须用that的情形：的情形：1、当先行词被形容词的最高级所修饰、当先行词被形容词的最高级所修饰Thisisthebestfilmthat I have ever seen.2、当先行词被序数词修饰、当先行词被序数词修饰Thefirstcarthat arrived at the destinationwasdrivenbyJohn.3、当先行词被、当先行词被theonly,thevery等修饰等修饰Thisistheonlyticketthat I got yesterday.Thisistheverybookthat Im looking for.4、当先行词为不定代词时或被不定代词修饰时、当先行词为不定代词时或被不定代词修饰时Isthereanythingthat I can do for you?Allthat you have to doistopressthebutton.Thereisnotimethat we can waste.5、当先行词既指人又指物时、当先行词既指人又指物时Thecaranditsdriverthat knocked down the old ladyhavebeentakentothepolicestation.B.指物时，作介词的宾语，关系代词只能用指物时，作介词的宾语，关系代词只能用whichThisisthequestionabout which weve had so much discussion.五、关系副词五、关系副词when,where,why的用法的用法 关系副词都等于一个适当的介词关系副词都等于一个适当的介词which，在从句中作在从句中作状语状语When=in/at/on/+which;Where=in/at/on/+which;Why=for/+which 1.Doyoustillrememberthedaywhen(on which)we went to visit the museum together?2.Thisisthefactorywhere(in which)my father once worked.3.Thisisthereasonwhy(for which)he was late.六、六、as引导定语从句，多与引导定语从句，多与such和和thesame连用，在从句中作主语或宾语。连用，在从句中作主语或宾语。1.Suchpeopleas you describearerarenowadays.2.Letsdiscussonlysuchquestionsas concern every one of us.3.Wouldyoupleasebuymethesamenovelas you bought for brother yesterday,Mum?4.As we all know,Johnisanhonestman.比较：比较：Sheworethesamedressthat she wore at Marrys wedding.七、注意事项：七、注意事项：1、关系代词和关系副词在定从中的不同成分、关系代词和关系副词在定从中的不同成分a、Thisistheplacewhere he works.Thisistheplacewhich(that)we visited last year.b、Thatwasthetimewhen he arrived.Doyoustillrememberthedaysthat(which)we spent together?c、Thisisthereasonwhy he went.Thereasonthat(which)he gave uswasquitereasonable.2、关系代词放在介词后面，只能用、关系代词放在介词后面，只能用which或或whoma.Thisistheboywith whom he worked.b.Thisistheboywhomhe worked with.c.Thisistheboywho he worked with.d.Thisistheboyhe worked with.e.Thehousewhere we liveisnotlarge.f.Thehousein which we liveisnotlarge.g.Thehousewhich we live inisnotlarge.h.Thehousewe live inisnotlarge.八、八、限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句 1限限制制性性定定语语从从句句是是先先行行词词在在意意义义上上不不可可缺缺少少的的定定语语，如如果果去去掉掉，主主句句的的意意思思就就不不完完整整或或失失去去意意义义。这这种种从从句句和和主主句句的的关关系系十十分分密密切切，写写时时不不用用逗逗号号分分开。开。限制性定语从句中作宾语的关系代词常可省略。限制性定语从句中作宾语的关系代词常可省略。如：如：a)What is the name of the tall woman who is standing there?站在那边的那个女人叫什么名字站在那边的那个女人叫什么名字?b)Torontoisacity(that)I ve always wanted to visit.多伦多是我常想去参观的一个城市。多伦多是我常想去参观的一个城市。c)Thewoman(that/whom/who)I spoke to just nowisournewhead.刚才和她说话的那位是我们新来的负责人刚才和她说话的那位是我们新来的负责人。d)October1,1949wasthedaywhen the Peoples Republic of China was founded.1949年年10月月1日是中华人民共和国成立的日子。日是中华人民共和国成立的日子。2非非限限制制性性定定语语从从句句和和主主句句关关系系不不十十分分密密切切，只只是是对对先先行行词词作作些些附附加加的的说说明明,如如果果去去掉掉,主主句句的的意意思思仍仍然然清清楚楚。这这种种从从句句和和主主句句之之间间往往往往用用逗逗号号分分开开，一一般般不不用用that引引导导。非非限限制制性性定定语语从从句句中中，关关系词不可省略系词不可省略。如：。如：a)Rome,which is the capital of Italy,hasaverylonghistory.意大利的首都罗马历史非常悠久。意大利的首都罗马历史非常悠久。b)YesterdayImetProfessorKing,who came from the University of London.昨天我遇见金教授，他从伦敦大学来的昨天我遇见金教授，他从伦敦大学来的。c)Helentmeadictionary,which was just what I needed.他借给我一本词典，这正是我所需要的。他借给我一本词典，这正是我所需要的。3.3.大多数限制性和非限制性定语从句的先行词往往大多数限制性和非限制性定语从句的先行词往往为某一个词或短语，为某一个词或短语，而特殊场合非限制性定语从句而特殊场合非限制性定语从句的先行词也可为整个主句，此时非限制性定语从句的先行词也可为整个主句，此时非限制性定语从句常由常由whichwhich引导。引导。eg.A middle-aged woman killed her husband,eg.A middle-aged woman killed her husband,which frightened me very much.which frightened me very much.一个中年女子杀害了其丈夫，这事令我十分恐惧一个中年女子杀害了其丈夫，这事令我十分恐惧。析：从语境可知，令我恐惧的内容应为中年女析：从语境可知，令我恐惧的内容应为中年女子杀害了其丈夫这整个一件事，因此先行词为整个子杀害了其丈夫这整个一件事，因此先行词为整个主句，此时应由主句，此时应由whichwhich引导定语从句。引导定语从句。eg.A five-year-old boy can speak two eg.A five-year-old boy can speak two foreign languages,foreign languages,which surprises all which surprises all the people present.the people present.一个五岁的男孩会讲两门外语，令所有在场的一个五岁的男孩会讲两门外语，令所有在场的人感到非常惊讶。人感到非常惊讶。析：从语境可知，令所有在场的人感到惊析：从语境可知，令所有在场的人感到惊讶的内容是一个五岁男孩会讲两门外语这整个讶的内容是一个五岁男孩会讲两门外语这整个一件事，因此先行词为整个主句，此时应由一件事，因此先行词为整个主句，此时应由whichwhich引导非限制性定语从句。引导非限制性定语从句。4.4.关系代词关系代词whomwhom在限制性定语从句中作宾语时可用在限制性定语从句中作宾语时可用whowho代替代替whomwhom，但，但在非限制性定语从句中作宾语时在非限制性定语从句中作宾语时不可用不可用whowho来代替来代替。eg.This is the girl eg.This is the girl whom I met in the street.whom I met in the street.这是我在街上遇到的女孩。这是我在街上遇到的女孩。先行词先行词the girlthe girl在限制性定语从句中作宾语，可用在限制性定语从句中作宾语，可用whowho代替代替whomwhom。eg.A young man had a new girl friend,eg.A young man had a new girl friend,whom whom he wanted to impress.he wanted to impress.一个年轻的小伙子新交了一个女朋友，他想给她留一个年轻的小伙子新交了一个女朋友，他想给她留下深刻印象。下深刻印象。先行词先行词a new girl frienda new girl friend在非限制性定语从句中在非限制性定语从句中作宾语，不可用作宾语，不可用whowho代替代替whomwhom。5.比较：比较：a)Shehastwobrotherswho are working in the city.Shehasmorethantwobrothers.她有两个弟弟在这个城市工作。她有两个弟弟在这个城市工作。b)Shehastwobrothers,who are working in the city.Shehasonlytwobrothers.她有两个弟弟，他们在这个城市工作。她有两个弟弟，他们在这个城市工作。下下面面两两个个句句子子只只有有一一个个逗逗号号之之差差，意意义义大大相相径径庭。庭。a)Hewillwearnoclotheswhich will make him different from others.他不会穿一些使他显得与众不同的衣服。他不会穿一些使他显得与众不同的衣服。b)Hewillwearnoclothes,which will make him different from others.他不穿衣服，这会使他显得与众不同他不穿衣服，这会使他显得与众不同。