定语从句 (3)

The Attributive clause 定语从句定语从句GrammarUnit 4 The kinds of attribute(定语定语):1.1.He is anHe is an honesthonest boy.boy.2.We love 2.We love ourour country.country.3.What3.Whats your s your telephonetelephone number?number?4.Marx found it important to study the 4.Marx found it important to study the situation situation in Russiain Russia.5.The foreigner 5.The foreigner who visited our school who visited our school yesterdayyesterday is from Canada.is from Canada.修饰修饰,限定限定 The positions of the attribute:（定语的位置）定语的位置）1.This is a flower basket.2.This is a basket full of flowers.3.This is a basket that is full of flowers.单个的词作定语时要放于被修单个的词作定语时要放于被修饰词的前面，短语或从句作定饰词的前面，短语或从句作定语时要放于被修饰词的后面。语时要放于被修饰词的后面。定语定语 定定 语语定定 语语 从从 句句定语从句的定义：定语从句的定义：在复合句中，修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句，在复合句中，修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句，定语从句相当定语从句相当形容词的作用形容词的作用在句中作在句中作定语。定语。The girl who is brave and clever is Mary.主句定语从句定语从句先行词先行词关系词关系词The girl is Mary.Mary is brave and clever.关系词的作用：关系词的作用：1.连接从句连接从句2.指代先行词指代先行词3.在从句中充当一个句子成分在从句中充当一个句子成分 eg.He is the man who spoke at the meeting just now.The film(that)we saw yesterday is interesting.关系词关系词先行词所指先行词所指 关系词在从句中作用关系词在从句中作用关系关系代词代词that人人/物物主主语语、宾、宾语语which物物主主语语、宾、宾语语who人人主主语语、宾、宾语语whom人人宾宾语语whose 人人/物物定定语语(whose+n.)as人人/物物/事情事情主、宾、表主、宾、表 The use of the relative pronoun (关系代词关系代词)定语从句的位置定语从句的位置定语从句一定放在被修饰成分之后。定语从句一定放在被修饰成分之后。e.g.This is the car which he bought last year.先行词先行词定语从句定语从句Do you know the doctor?He spoke just now.Do you know the doctor who spoke just now?vWho指人，在从句中做主语或宾语，做指人，在从句中做主语或宾语，做宾语时可省略宾语时可省略The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman.whom指人指人,在从句中作宾语在从句中作宾语,可省略。可省略。e.g.Do you know the man(whom)we saw at the Beijing Hotel?The girl is from America.I called her just now.The girl(whom)I called just now is from America.The man(whom)you met just now is my father.你刚才碰到的那个人是我的爸爸。你刚才碰到的那个人是我的爸爸。that指人或物，在从 句中做主语或宾语,作宾语时可以省略。eg.The house(that)Im going to buy faces south.Theyre talking about the film(that)Ive seen.Theyre talking about the film.I have seen the film.It was written by Laoshe.Jane has borrowed the book.Jane has borrowed the book that was written by Laoshe.which 指物，在句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时可以省略。eg.Im not interested in the book which has just been published.I have read the newspaper.It carries the important news.I have read the newspaper which carries the important news.I showed him the letter.I received it this morningI showed him the letter(which)I received this morning.The apple is mine.The apple is mine.The apple is yours.The apple is small.The apple is big.?which is redwhich is greenwhich is redwhich is greenTitanic is the ship _sank after hitting an iceberg.which/that_Beijing is the city has got the chance to host the 2008 Olympic Games._the city/get the chance to host the 2008 Olympic Gameswhich/thatthe handsomethe tallthe strong the cleverthe naughtyboyThe boy is Tom.The boy is Tom.The boy is Tom.The boy is Tom.The boy is Tom.The boy is Tom.who is handsomewho is tallwho is strongwho is cleverwho is naughtyZhang Guorong isa pop star_ died in the fall in March,2003.who/thatYe xin is a nurse died in the fight against SARS.a nurse/die in the fight against SARSwho/thatThe boy who is reading a book over there is my friend.He is my friend.He is reading a book over there.Declan is a famous singer.He sings the song tell me why.Declan is a famous singer who sings the song tell me why.whose 指人或物，在从句中作定指人或物，在从句中作定语。语。=of whom/of which eg.Thats the man whose house was burned down.The girl got first.Her father had given us a report.The girl whose father had given us a report got first.That is the new machine.The parts of it are too small to see.Thats the machine whose parts are too small to see.Which baby is JackWhich baby is Jack?穿红裤子的baby是Jack。The baby is Jack.whose trousers are redJackWhich house is mineWhich house is mine?房顶是棕色的房子是我的。The house is mine.whose roof is brownMy house填空：填空：1.Look at that lady _ name is Pochi.2.He is a teacher _ I like very much.3.Those pictures _ were drawn by Tom are nice.4.Those _will go to the park stay here.5.That was all the money _I had.whose whom/thatwhich/that whothat例例 1.The man _ gave you the talk yesterday is our teacher.that/who指人:that/who(主语)例2:The boy_ the nurse is looking after is my friend.(who/whom/that)指人:who/whom/that(宾语,可省略)例3:The car _ is red was damaged yesterday.that/which指物:that/which(主语)例4:The question_ I dont understand is about grammar.(that/which)指物:that/which(宾语,可省略)Have a try指出关系代词（副词）在定语从句中的成指出关系代词（副词）在定语从句中的成份：份：1.ThemanwhocametoourschoolisMr.Wang.2.Thegirl(whom)ImetisLucy.3.AchildwhoseparentsaredeadiscalledTom.4.Ilikethebook(which)youboughtyesterday.主语主语 宾语宾语定语定语宾语宾语Have a try5.His parents wouldnt let him marry anyone whose family was poor.6.We shall never forget the days(that)we spent together.定语定语 宾语宾语Making sentencesThe man _ is Liu Xiang.who ran fastestLiu Xiang is the man _.who ran fastesta boy，has a scar，forehead Harry Porter is a boy _ _.who/that has a scar on his foreheadBeckham,a football player,handsome.Beckham is a football player,_.who is handsomeBeckham,_,is a football player.who is handsomeThe woman _ is a teacher.Example:1.The woman is a teacher.The woman lives next door.Join the two sentences,using the attributive clause.who/that lives next door1.The nurse is kind.The nurse looks after my sister.2.We watched the play“Teahouse”(茶馆茶馆).The play was written by Lao She.3.The young man is a famous writer.You saw the young man yesterday.4.This is the house.Lu Xun once lived in the house.5.I know the doctor.His daughter studies abroad.Practice1.The nurse is kind.The nurse looks after my sister.2.We watched the play“Teahouse”.The play was written by Lao She.3.The young man is a famous writer.You saw the young man yesterday.PracticeThe nurse who/that looks after my sister is kind.We watched the play“Teahouse”which/that was written by Lao She.The young man(who/whom/that)you saw yesterday is a famous writer.4.This is the house.Lu Xun once lived in the house.5.I know the doctor.His daughter studies abroad.This is the house which/that Lu Xun once lived in.I know the doctor whose daughter studies abroad.把下列句子分成两层意思把下列句子分成两层意思:The one million people of the city,who thoughtlittle of these events,went to bed as usual that night.1 The one million people of the city went to bed as usual that night.2 The one million people of the city thoughtlittle of these events.把下列句子分成两层意思把下列句子分成两层意思:It was heard in Beijing,which is one hundred kilometres away.1 It was heard in Beijing.2 Beijing is one hundred kilometres away.把下列句子分成两层意思把下列句子分成两层意思:A huge crack that was eight kilometres long and thirty metres wide cut across houses,roads and canals.1 A huge crack cut across houses,roads and canals.2 A huge crack was eight kilometres long and thirty metres wide.把下列句子分成两层意思把下列句子分成两层意思:The number of people who were killed or Injured reached more than 400,000.1 The number of people reached more than 400,000.2 People were killed or injured.把下列句子分成两层意思把下列句子分成两层意思:Workers built shelters for survivors whosehomes had been destroyed.Workers built shelters for survivors.The survivors homes had been destroyed.that和和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互在指物的情况下一般都可以互换换,但在下列情况下但在下列情况下,一般用一般用that,不用不用which。(1)先行词为先行词为all,everything,nothing,something,anything,little,much 等不定代词时。等不定代词时。I am sure she has something(that)you can borrow.(2)先行词被先行词被all,every,no,some,any,little,much等等 修饰时。修饰时。Ive read all the books that are not mine.(3)先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。This is the first book(that)he has Note(4)先行词被先行词被the only,the very,the last修饰时。修饰时。This is the very book that I am looking for.（5）先行词既有人，又有物，引导词只用）先行词既有人，又有物，引导词只用that The school and students that he visited made a deep impression(印象印象)on him.(6)Who/Which/What.之后引导词用之后引导词用that,不用不用who或或whichWho is the lady that is talking to our teacher?Which is the book that you want to read?Revision1 the usage of the relative pronoun关系关系代词代词指代在定语从句中所充当的成分人物句子主语宾语定语whowhomwhichthatwhosevAll_helearnedfromtheteachersisvaluable.vYoucanfindalltheinformation_youneedontheInternet.vHetoldmeeverything_heheardatthemeeting.vSydneyisthefirstplace_IvisitedinAustralia.vThisisthemostamusing(惊讶的)story_Ihaveread.vTheonlyinformation_Igotishisaddress.vThisistheverymoment_candecideyourfuture.vIllneverforgetthebeautifulvillageandthekindvillagers_Ivisitedthesummerholiday.vWhoistheman_isstandingbythewindow?that1.非限制性定语从句Hecamelateagain,whichmademeangry.（逗号后）2.关系词前有介词ThisistheroominwhichChairmanoncelived.(介词后）只用只用which,不用不用that1.Tom is the first boy _left the room.2.Look at the boy and his dog _are coming this way.3.You can read any book _I have.4.That was the year _I went to America.（时间）（时间）5.we came to the town,_we stayed for 2 hours.（地点）（地点）thatthatthatwhenwhereCorrect mistakes for the following sentences.1.Under the big tree are 34 students,many of them come from class two.2.My mother has a good book,which cover looks terrible.3.Who are the young girls who are having dinner in the restaurant?4.She is one of the girls who is very interested in maths.5.Tom is the only one of the boys who like playing football.6.Who is the girl that you talked to her just now?7.There is an old woman,that is holding a stick._whom_whosethatare-who-likes完成句子1.The museum _(我参观过的我参观过的)years ago is now a school.（visit)2.Ill show you a store in which you may buy all _(你所需要的你所需要的).(need)3.I have lost the very book_(买的买的)by my mother last year.(buy）4.No news_(他告诉我们的他告诉我们的)is good.(tell)5.Those_(幸存下来的幸存下来的)the floods could hardly believe what had happened.(survive）(which/that）I visited(that)you needthat was boughtthat he tells uswho survived6.The teacher is saying something to one of her students_(他的妈妈去世了）他的妈妈去世了）in the accident.(die)7.He is the only one of the teachers in the school _(去过日本去过日本).(be)8.A number of children _(他们的父母死亡了他们的父母死亡了)in the quake were sent to live with families in other cities.(kill)9.We often get together and talk about the happy times_(我们度过的）我们度过的）together.(spend)10.The man _(正在握手）正在握手）with my father is a doctor.(shake）whose mother diedthat has been to Japanwhose parents had been killed(which/that)we spentwho/that is shaking hands II.从从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。以填入空白处的最佳选项。1.Is there anything _ I can do for you?A.which B.who B.C.whom D.that D2.I have seen some strange trees,_ open at sunrise and close at sunset.A.which the leaves B.whose leaves C.which leaves D.their leaves3.All _ we need is enough rest after long hours work.A.the thing B.that B.C.what D.whichBB4.On the train I saw a girl _ I thought was your sister.A.who B.whom B.C.which D.what5.Have you seen the film“Titanic”_ leading actor is world-famous?A.its B.that B.C.whose D.whichAC谁笑到最后谁笑得最好。谁笑到最后谁笑得最好。结局好结局好,一切都好。一切都好。真正的友谊犹如健康的身体真正的友谊犹如健康的身体,失去时方知失去时方知其可贵。其可贵。ProverbsFriendship is like health,the value of which is seldom know until it is lost.All is well that end well.He who laughs last laughs best.