被动语态 (2)

.The Passive Voice一、一、Voices:The Active and Passive VoicesActive VoiceActive Voice 主动语态表示主语是动作主动语态表示主语是动作 的执行者的执行者,Passive Passive VoiceVoice被动语态表示主语是动作被动语态表示主语是动作 的承受的承受.如如:1.ManypeoplespeakEnglish.English is spoken(bymanypeople).2.TheyfoundthedinosaureggsinLiaoning.Thedinosaureggswere found(bythem)inLiaoning.3.Wemustdosomethingtostopthepollution.Somethingmust be donetostopthepollution(byus).ActivevoiceandPassivevoiceManypeoplespeakEnglish.Englishisspokenbymanypeople.二、二、Theformationsofthepassivevoicesofdifferenttenses:方方式式时间一一般般进行行完完成成现在在amis+pp.areamisbeing+pp.arehasbeen+pp.have过去去was+pp.werewasbeing+pp.werehadbeen+pp.将将来来shallbe+pp.willshallhavebeen+ppwill过去去将将来来shouldbe+pp.wouldshouldhavebeen+ppwould情态动词的被动语态情态动词的被动语态must/can/may/should+be+pp.三、三、WhentousethePassiveVoice:1.行行为主体不明确，不必主体不明确，不必说出或者无法出或者无法说出出动作的作的执行者行者时。Footballis playedallovertheworld.2.不易找到或根本就找不到不易找到或根本就找不到动作的作的执行者行者时。Mybikewas stolen.3.英英语中表达中表达“据据说”,“据报道据报道”,“据了解据了解”等含义时等含义时。Itis saidthatanotherbridgehasbeenbuiltovertheChangjiangRiver.4.汉语中含有中含有“被被”、“由由”等等词时。WeiHuais askedtocomebyLinTao.5.汉语中没有中没有“被被”、“由由”等等词，而在原句中，而在原句中试加加这类词且句意通且句意通顺时。Thesesongsareusuallysungbyboys.6.某些句子习惯上用被动语态。某些句子习惯上用被动语态。Hewas borninOctober,1988.7.表示礼貌时。表示礼貌时。YouarefriendlyinvitedtocometoourEnglishpartyat8:00p.m.tomorrow.Note:1.用于被动语态中的动词是及物动词，不及物动词不能用被动语态用于被动语态中的动词是及物动词，不及物动词不能用被动语态.WorldWarIItookplaceinEurope.(right)WorldWarIIwastakenplaceinEurope.(wrong)2.反身代词在句中作宾语时反身代词在句中作宾语时,不能用被动语态不能用被动语态.HetaughthimselfEnglish.(right)HimselfwastaughtEnglishbyhim.(wrong)被动语态应注意的几个特殊问题被动语态应注意的几个特殊问题:一.不及物动词带介词和介词宾语,在变为被动语态时,仍然要带上介词,如:1.Thestudentslistentotheteachercarefullyinclasseveryday.Theteacherislistenedtocarefully(bythestudents)inclass.2.XiaoMinglookedafterhissisteryesterday.Hissisterwaslookedafter(byXiaoMing)yesterday.3.Thethingsshouldbetakengoodcareof.二.当动词带有复合宾语,并且宾补是省去“to”,的动词不定式,在被动语态中应加上“to”.如:4.Theymakeusdoallthework.Wearemadetodoallthework(bythem).5.WeoftenhearhersingEnglishsongs.SheisoftenheardtosingEnglishsongs(byus).6.Isawhimwalktoschool.Hewasseentowalktoschool(byme).三.当动词带双宾语时,将其中一个宾语提前作被动语态的主语,另一个不动;如果是将指物或指事的宾语提前,则指人的宾语前应加上“to”或“for”,如:7.Theygivemesomenicepresents.Iamgivensomenicepresents(bythem).Somenicepresentsaregiventome(bythem).8.Heoftentellsthechildrensomestories.Thechildrenareoftentoldsomestories(byhim).Somestoriesareoftentoldtothechildren(byhim).9.Myfatherboughtmeabikelastweek.Iwasboughtabike(bymyfather)lastweek.Abikewasboughtforme(bymyfather)lastweek.四.10.Xinjiangproducedfinecotton.FinecottonisproducedinXinjiang.(在主动语态中.当句子的主语是某物品的产地时,变被动语态后,不用介词by,而用介词in)11.Thisfarmgrowsalotofrice.Alotofriceisgrownonthisfarm.12.Peoplemakedesksandchairswithwood.Desksandchairsaremadeofwood(bypeople).Exercises将下列句子变为被动语态：1.Theycleantheirclassroomeveryday._2.IrepairJennysbicycleeverySunday._3.Thisfarmergrewbeautifulflowerslastyear._4.Thestudentsshoulddotheirhomeworkeveryday._5.Tomoftenplaysbasketballontheplayground.Theirclassroomiscleanedbythemeveryday.Jennysbicycleisrepaired(byme)everySunday.Beautifulflowersweregrownbythisfarmerlastyear.Theirhomeworkshouldbedonebythestudentseveyday.BasketballisoftenplayedbyTomontheplayground.6.Sometimesshegivesmeapresent.7.Thepupilaskstheteachertotellastory.8.Childrenoftensingthissong.9.Johnansweredallthequestions.10.Tombrokethewindow.Iamgivenapresentbyhersometimes.TheteacherisaskedtotellastorybythepupilThesongisoftensungbychildren.AllthequestionswasansweredbyJohn.ThewindowwasbrokenbyTom.Apresentisgiventomebyhersometimes.12.Wecanfinishtheworkontime11.Myfatherboughtmeabike.Iwasboughtabikebymyfather.Abikewasboughtformebymyfather.Theworkcanbefinishedbyusontime.13.Hetellsmetowaithereforhim._14.PeopleallovertheworldknowtheGreatWall._15.Wewillbuildanewbridgeovertheriver._16.Maryoftentakescareofthechildren._17.PeoplecallhimLittleOldMan_18.TeagrowsinChina._19.PeoplespeakEnglishinalmostallthecountriesintheworld._Imtoldtowaithereforhimbyhim.TheGreatwallisknownbypeopleallovertheworld.Anewbridgewillbebuiltovertheriverbyus.ThechildrenareoftentakencareofbyMaryHeiscalledlittleOldManbypeople.TeaisgrowninChina.Englishisspokeninalmostallthecountriesintheworld20.Sheoftensingsthispopularsong.21.Wecleanourclassroomeveryday.22.TheyteachEnglishintheirschool.23.Weusuallymakecakeswitheggs.24.Peopleplayfootballallovertheworld.25.TheygrowteainthesouthofChina.ThispopularsongisoftensungbyherOurclassroomiscleanedeveryday.Englishistaughtintheirschool.Cakesareusuallymadewitheggs.Footballisplayedallovertheworld.TeaisgrowninthesouthofChina.III.把下列句子改成一般疑问句和否定句1.Thedictionaryistakencareofbythegirl._2.Theflowerswerewateredeverybythefarmeryesterday._3.Theworkcanbefinishbythemontime._4.Thebigboxwillbecarriedintothemeetingroom._5.Thesebooksmaybekeptfortwomonths._Isthedictionarytakencareofbythegirl.?Thedictionaryisnttakencareofbythegirl.Weretheflowerswateredbythefarmeryesterday?.Cantheworkbefinishedbythemontime?Willthebigboxbecarriedintothemeetingroom.?Theflowerswerentwateredbythefarmeryesterday.TheworkcantbefinishedbythemontimeThebigboxwontbecarriedintothemeetingroom.Maythesebooksbekeptfortwomoths.?Thesebooksmaybekeptfortwomoths.IV.对画线部分提问1.Theirbedroomispaintedeveryyear._2.Thenewcarsaremadeinthisbigfactory._3.JanewasborninParisin1997._4.Theflowersshouldbewateredtwiceaweek._5.Sixthievesarecaughtbythepolice._6.Tomwastoldtobecarefulofthievesinthiscity._Whosebedroomispainedeveryyear?Wherearethenewcarsmade?WhereandwhenwasJaneborn?Howmanythievesarecaughtbythepolice?WhomwasTomtobecarefulofinthiscity?Howoftenshouldtheflowersbewatered?II.将下列句子改成主动语态1.Metalisusedformakingmachines.（用workers做主语）_2.Englishisspokenbymanypeople._3.Theclassroomwascleaned.(用thestudents做主语)_4.ThesephotosweretakenontheGreatWall.(用mysister做主语)_5.Thissongisoftensung.(用thegirl做主语)_Workersusemetalformakingmachines.ManypeoplespeakEnglish.Thestudentscleanedtheclassroom.MysistertookthesephotosontheGreatWall.Thegirloftensingsthesong.6.Thedictionarymustbetakengoodcareof.(用you作主语)7.AshortplaywillbeputonfortheEnglishevening.(用she作主语)Youmusttakegoodcareofthedictionary.HewillputonashortplayfortheEnglishevening.中考实战题练兵中考实战题练兵A)Fillintheblankswiththerightformsoftheverbsgiven:1.Lastmonth,inthefirstmatchofthe17thWorldCup,France(beat)0-1byanewteamSenegal.(2002南京市)2.Howmanyfridges(produce)inChinalastyear?(2202徐州市)3.Nodictionaryshould(bring)totheEnglishexam,boysandgirls!(2002连云港市)4.Thatdayeachofus(give)tendollarsafterwefinishedthework.(2002连云港市)5.I(tell)nottotouchthemachine.(2001南京市)WasbeatenWereproducedbebroughtWasgivenIwastoldB)MultipleChoice:1.Idontknowtheschool,butitstobequiteagoodone.(2002苏州市)A.toldB.spokenC.talkedD.said2.Pleasedontstandupinclassuntilyou.(2002泰州市)A.weretoldtoB.aretoldtoC.weretoldD.aretold3.IfMginO2,weMgO,anditcombinationreaction(化学变化).(2202泰州市)A.willburn;get;callsB.burns;willget;calledC.willburn;canget;iscallingD.burns;willget;iscalled4.Pleasetellmewhenonthewall.(2002无锡市)A.hasthismaphungB.wasthismaphungC.thismaphashungD.thismapwashung5.Thedoctorwilloperateonhimatonceassoonashethehospital.(2002常州市)A.issenttoB.willbetakentoC.leavesD.doesntreturn6.Theywontbebackuntilthework.(2002南通市)A.doB.doesC.isdoneD.willdo1.Studentsshouldcorrrecttheirmistakes.(Theirmistakes.)2.Wemusttypethelettersthisafternoon.(Theletters.)Youcanbringyourfriendstomybirthdaypartytomorrowevening.)4.StudentsshouldbespokenEnglishinandputofclass.(English)5.Youshouldhandinyourcompositionthedayaftertomorrow.(6.Weshouldknockalongstickintotheearthnexttothehole.7.Weshouldtiethetreetothetopofthestick.8.TheymaygrowfruittreesaroundthevillagenextspringTheirmistakesshouldbecorrected.Thelettersmustbetypedthisafternoon.Yourfriendscanbebroughttomybirthday.Englishshouldbespokeninandoutofclass.Yourcompositionshouldbehandedinthedayaftertomorrow.Alongstickshouldbeknockedintotheearthnexttothehole.Thetreeshouldbetiedtothetopofthestick.Fruittreesmaybegrownaroundthevillagenextspring将下列句子变为被动语态将下列句子变为被动语态：将下列句子改成主动语态将下列句子改成主动语态1.TheseeggswerefoundintheGobiDesertbyagroupofscientistsinthe1920s,AgroupofscientistsfoundtheseeggsintheGobiDesert2.Theseeggswerelaidlonglongagobydinosaurs.Dinosaurslaidtheseeggslonglongago.3.Man-madesatelliteshavebeensentupintospacebymanycountries.4.Manyofstarescannotbeseen5.AnewGreatWallhasbeenbuiltacrossthenorthernpartofthecountry.ManycountrieshavesentupMan-madesatellitesintospaceWecannotsee.manyofstars5.AnewGreatWallhasbeenbuiltacrossthenorthernpartofthecountry.TheyhavebuiltanewGreatWallacrossthenorthernpartofthecountry.新疆库尔勒市三中新疆库尔勒市三中(铁路中学铁路中学)英语教研室英语教研室王新华王新华邮编邮编 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