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Passive Voice被动语态被动语态英语动词有两种语态：英语动词有两种语态：主动主动语态和语态和被动被动语态。语态。1.1.当我们不知道谁是动作的执行者当我们不知道谁是动作的执行者,2 2.或者只需强调动作的承受者时，要用或者只需强调动作的承受者时，要用被动语态被动语态。被动语态被动语态结构：结构：be+过去分词过去分词(PP)+(by)表格：被动态基本结构时态时态被动语态结构被动语态结构一般现在时一般现在时一般过去时一般过去时一般将来时一般将来时现在进行时现在进行时am/is/are being done现在完成时现在完成时am/is/are donewas/were done(shall/will/be going to)be donehave/has been done情态动词的被动语态情态动词情态动词+be+donemust be done/mustnt be doneshould be done/shouldnt be donecan be done/cant be donemay be done/might be done各种时态的被动语态构成各种时态的被动语态构成 1）一般现在时：一般现在时：You are invited to do this.2）一般过去时：一般过去时：The story was told by her.3）一般将来时：一般将来时：The problem will be discussed tomorrow.4)情态动词：情态动词：The rubbish can be put into the dustbin over there.在改写中应注意：在改写中应注意：1.把把原原来的来的宾语宾语提到前面作被动语态的提到前面作被动语态的主主语语;2.把把动词动词变成变成“be+过去分词过去分词”;3.主动语态中的主动语态中的主语主语变为介词变为介词by的的宾语宾语。Many people speak Chinese.Chinese is spoken by many people.He plants trees in spring.主谓宾(受动者)Treesare planted byhim改为被动语态in spring.Tom will clean the room tomorrow.主主谓谓宾宾(受动者受动者)The room will be cleanedby Tom tomorrow.His brother washes bowls every day.主主谓谓宾宾(受动者受动者)Bowls are washed byhis brother every day.1.People use knives for cutting things.Knives _ _ for cutting things.2.The students clean the windows of their classroom twice a month.The windows of their classroom_ _ twice a month.are usedarecleaned(变被动语态）变被动语态）3.I found the ticket on the floor._ _ _ _ on the floor.4.I told her to return the book in time.She _ _ to return the book in time.The ticket was found was told5.His doctor made him have only two meals a day.He _ _ _ _ only two meals a day.6.Now people can use computers to help them.Now computers _ _ _ to help them.was made to have can be used10.The teacher asked Tom to turn on the computer.Tom _ _ to turn on the computer.11.In this factory women do most of the work.Most of the work _ _ by women in this factory.was asked is done12.He can mend the bike in two days.The bike _ _ _ in two days.13.You must take this medicine three times a day.This medicine _ _ _ three times a day.can be mended must be taken14.The students study German in this school.German _ _ by the students in this school.15.Do they often talk about this question?_ this question often _ about _ _?is studiedIs talked by them1)Teenagers should _ (allow)to go out at night.2)The telephone _ (invent)by Bell.3)English _ (speak)in China.4)The car _ (make)in China.5)The room must _ (clean)every day.be allowedwas inventedis spoken is madebe cleanedOral practice-主动句改被动句 Oral practice-1.Change each sentence into passive voice:1)A car knocked him down yesterday.2)These two kids plant trees every year3)3)We should protect the earth4)4)Well put on the play next SundayHe was knocked down by a car yesterdayTrees are planted by these two kids every year.The earth should be protected by us.The play will be put on by us next Sunday.几种特殊结构几种特殊结构1.My uncle gave me a gift on my birthday2.We often hear him play the guitarA gift was given to me on my birthday.He is often heard to play the guitar注意注意1：see,watch,hear,notice,feel,make,listen to,look at等动词等动词/短语后作宾语补语的不短语后作宾语补语的不定式都不带定式都不带to；但改成被动语态后必须带但改成被动语态后必须带to。Be seen to do,be made to do,be heard to do,be watched to do We should look after the old people.The old people should be looked after by us.注意注意2：有些不及物动词加介词构成及物动词：有些不及物动词加介词构成及物动词短语，如果变被动语态，不能把动词后的介词短语，如果变被动语态，不能把动词后的介词丢掉。丢掉。注意注意3：主语主语+连系动词连系动词+表语表语 的句子没的句子没有被动语态。有被动语态。The food tastes delicious.注意注意4：there be 结构没有被动语态结构没有被动语态1。动词。动词(表示主语的属性特征表示主语的属性特征)+副词副词(well/badly/easily/smoothly),用主动式表被用主动式表被动义。动义。read,write,sell,wash,clean,wear,lock,open,cook,shut,dry,eat,drink,The books _ well A.were sold B.sell C.have sold D.are being soldThis kind of cloth _ easily A.has washed B.was washed C.washes D.is washedBC主动式表被动义主动式表被动义7.Did you plant many trees at this time last year?_ _ _ _ at this time last time?8.Must we finish our work today?_ our work_ _ today?Were many trees plantedMust be finished9.The foreign friends gave us some wonderful stamps.1)_ _ _ some wonderful stamps.2)Some wonderful stamps _ _ _ _.we were given were given to us()1.The monkey was seen _ off the tree.A.jump B.jumps C.jumped D.to jump()2.If small trees _,they will grow up quickly.A.take good care of B.take good care C.are taken good care of D.are taken good care
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