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专题05介词+关系代词引导的定语从句【理论回顾】一、 定语从句引导词定语从句可以用_，_引导，还可以用_引导。二、介词+关系代词 介词：根据语境具体分析，再选择介词 + 关系代词 关系代词：which（物）/whom（人）三、关系代词的选择当关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语时，我们通常用“介词关系代词”引导定语从句。如果先行词是表示“人”的名词或代词，介词后的关系代词用“_”，不能用_；如果先行词是表示“物”的名词或代词，介词后的关系代词用“_”不能用“_”，_省略。 例如：This is a subject about which we have talked a lot.The girl about whom we are talking is a doctor.四、 介词的选择介词的选择有以下三种依据：1. 根据主从句的_决定This is my pair of glasses, without whichI cannot see clearly.（句子含义为“这是我的眼镜，没有它我无法看清东西”，根据语境可知介词选择without.）I have many friends, the tallest _whom is Li Ping.（句子含义为“我有许多朋友，其中个子最高的是李萍”，根据语境可知介词表示“.当中的”，故选择_.）2. 根据从句的_决定（由从句的动词、形容词等构成的固定短语决定）The taxi into which a truck had knocked last night was destroyed. （定语从句可还原为a truck had knocked into the taxilast night，根据从句中动词短语“撞击，撞上”：knock into可知，介词选择into.）This is the iPad _ whichI spent 3000 yuan. （定语从句可还原为_，根据从句中动词短语“花费金钱在某物上”：_可知，介词选择_.）但需要注意的是：部分含有固定搭配的动词短语，由于其关系紧密，不宜拆分，所以不能将介词置于关系代词之前。这类常见的动词短语有：look after, take care of, listen to, look at, look into, run across, look forward to, break into等。3.根据介词与_的关系决定（由关系副词转化而来）I never forget the day on which I came to this school. = I never forget the day when I came to this school.（定语从句可还原为I came to this schoolon the day，所以介词选择on.）I still remember the day _ we met for the first time.=I still remember the day when we met for the first time.（定语从句可还原为_. 所以介词选择_.）【想一想】例题1：The factory was built in a secret place, around _ high mountains.A. which was B. it was C. which were D. them were例题2：Yesterday we visited a modern hospital, around _ some fruit shops.A. which is B. it is C. which are D. them are例题3：The murder happened in an old building, beside _ the city police station.A. which are B. it is C. which is D. them are例题4： Next month well move to a new building, next to _ a nice restaurant where we can have Chinese food.A. which are B. it is C. which is D. them are【练一练】一、填空题1. Many people who had seen the film were afraid to go to the forest when they remembered the scenes_ which people were eaten by the tiger. 2. The way he did it was different _ what we were used to.3. The man_whom you spoke is a teacher.4. The little girl is reading a book, _ which there are many cartoons.5. I still remember the day _ which I came here.二、 填空题1. He was educated at a local grammar school, after _ he went on to Cambridge. 2. Gun control is a subject about_Americans have argued for a long time.3. The settlement is nearly 1,000 people, many of _left their village homes for a better life in the city.4. Last week, only two people came to look at the house, neither of _wanted to buy it. 5. Many children, _parents are away working in big cities,are taken good care of in the village. 三、 选择题1. A man with a bleeding hand hurried in and asked, Is there a hospital around _ I can get some medicine for my wounded hand?A. that B. which C. where D. what2. The buses, most of _ were already full, were surrounded by an angry crowd.A. that B. it C. them D. which3. His house, for _ he paid $10, 000, is now worth $50, 000.A. that B. it C. them D. which4. Ashdown forest, through _ well be driving, isnt a forest any longer.A. that B. it C. them D. which5. This time I did it at nine oclock, after _ I sat reading the paper.A. that B. it C. them D. which6. George, with _ I played tennis on Sundays, was a warm-hearted person.A. that B. whom C. them D.him 7. Her sons, both of _ work abroad, will come back home this summer.A. that B. who C. whom D. them8. I met the fruit-pickers, several of _ were still university students.A. that B. whom C. who D. them9. The room _which we took the photos was very dusty.A. inB. onC. with D. of10. The four ancient Chinese inventions _ which we are proud have remained important in human history for thousands of years.A. of B. with C. inD. by四、改错题1. Do you know the lady with who our manager is talking in the office?2. Where is the supermarket in that you bought the laptop last week?3. Yesterday we visited the West Lake as which Hangzhou is famous.4. I have about 20 books, half in which were written by BingXin, a famous writer.5. The babies after whom the nurses are looking are very healthy.6.【乐一乐】Three Passions I Have Lived forThree passions, simple but overwhelmingly strong, have governed my life:the longing for love, the search for knowledge,and unbearable pity for the suffering of mankind.These passions, like great winds, have blown me hither and thither,in a wayward course over a deep ocean of anguish,reaching to the very verge of despair.I have sought love, first, because it brings ecstasyecstasy so great that I would often have sacrificed all the rest of my lifefor a few hours for this joy.I have sought it, next, because it relieves lonelinessthat terrible loneliness in which one shivering consciousnesslooks over the rim of the world into the cold unfathomable lifeless abyss.I have sought it, finally, because in the union of love I have seen,in a mystic miniature,the prefiguring vision of the heaven that saints and poets have imagined.This is what I sought, and though it might seem too good for human life,this is whatat lastI have found.With equal passion I have sought knowledge.I have wished to understand the hearts of men.I have wished to know why the stars shine .A little of this, but not much, I have achieved.Love and knowledge, so far as they were possible, led upward toward the heavens.But always pity brought me back to earth.Echoes of cries of pain reverberate in my heart.Children in famine, victims tortured by oppressors, helpless old peoplea hated burden to their sons,and the whole world of loneliness, poverty, and pain make a mockery of what human life should be.I long to alleviate the evil, but I cannot, and I too suffer.This has been my life.I have found it worth living, and would gladly live it againif the chance were offered me.
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