新概念2册-39课-宾语从句ppt课件

语法专项-宾语从句语法专项-宾语从句1一、宾语从句的概念一、宾语从句的概念宾语从句即用一个句子作主句的宾语，而不宾语从句即用一个句子作主句的宾语，而不再是一个词或短语作宾语。再是一个词或短语作宾语。Ilikemyteacher.（名词作宾语（名词作宾语)Iknowhim.（代词作宾语）（代词作宾语）Ienjoyplayingbasketball.(动名词作宾语）动名词作宾语）Idecidetostudyhard.（不定式作宾语）（不定式作宾语）IknowMr.LiteachesEnglish.(句子作宾语）句子作宾语）Sheaskediftheanswerwasright.(句子作宾语）句子作宾语）一、宾语从句的概念宾语从句即用一个句子作主句的宾2Pleasefindtheobjectofeachsentence.WhichofthefollowingsentenceshasanObjectClause?1.Iwillbuyabike.2.IthinkMrZhangisaverygoodteacher.3.Helikesmeat.4.ShecanspeakEnglishandFrench.5.MrSmithknewhissonmadesomemistakes.6.Theshopsellsdifferentkindsoffood.7.Icanseetheboysareplayingfootball.Wehaveplantedhundredsoftreesintheschool.这些划线部分都可以用这些划线部分都可以用_来提问。来提问。whatPleasefindtheobjectofeach3二、宾语从句三要素二、宾语从句三要素连连接接词词时时态态语语序序二、宾语从句三要素连接词时态语4（一）连接词1.that连接连接_2.whether/if连接连接_3.代词代词whowhomwhosewhatwhich4.副词副词whenwhywherehow3、4连接连接_一般疑问句一般疑问句一般陈述句一般陈述句特殊疑问句特殊疑问句（一）连接词that连接_5注：that 在句中无词汇意义，在从句中不能充当成分，在口语当中往往省略1.Ihear(that)_.(一小时后他会回来）一小时后他会回来）2.Hesaid(that)_.（他非常想念我们）他非常想念我们）3.Theteachertoldus(that)_.（地球围着太阳转）地球围着太阳转）hewillbebackinanhour hemissedusverymuchtheearthmovesaroundthesun注意：注意：当从句是客观真理的时候，无论主句什么当从句是客观真理的时候，无论主句什么时态，从句一律用一般现在时时态，从句一律用一般现在时注：that在句中无词汇意义，在从句中不能充当成分，Ih6由从属连词由从属连词whether,if引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句Iwanttoknow_.2.Askhim_.3.Iwonder_.4.Couldyoutellme_?if/whetherhewillgototheparkwithuswhether/ifhecancomewhetheritisgoingtorainornotif/whether“是否是否”，常用在，常用在ask,wonder,find out can(could)tell me,dont know,dont care等后。等后。whether/if Mr.Liliveshere由从属连词whether,if引导的宾语从句Iwant7只能用只能用whether不能用不能用if的情况的情况1.在在_后面：后面：Imthinkingofwhetherweshouldgofishing.Weareworriedaboutwhetheritwillraintomorrow.2.在在_前：前：Theyaskedmewhethertogoskating.介词介词动词不定式动词不定式只能用whether不能用if的情况1.在_后面83.当与当与_连用，连用，MaryaskedwhetherornotIwouldattendthespeechcontest.Tellmewhetheryoudliketogoshoppingortidytheroom.4._时：时：Whetherthisistrueornot,Icantsay.5.当会产生歧义时：当会产生歧义时：Pleaseletmeknowifyoulikethebook.Pleaseletmeknowwhetheryoulikethebook.ornot提出两种选择提出两种选择宾语从句提前宾语从句提前或或_时时:3.当与_连用，ornot提出两种选择宾语从91.Heasked_.2.Doyouknow_?3.Heasked_.4.Doyouknow_?5.Pleasetellme_.6.Canyoutellme_?7.Couldyoutellme_?whocouldanswerthequestionwhomtheyarewaitingforwhosebikewasthebestintheclasswhenwellhaveameetingwhereheishowIcangettothestationwhythetrainislate由连接代词由连接代词 Who,whom,whose,which,what 和和连接副词连接副词 where,how,why,when引导的宾从引导的宾从代词或副词连接主句和从句，并在从句中担代词或副词连接主句和从句，并在从句中担任句子成分，具有一定的意义，不可省略。任句子成分，具有一定的意义，不可省略。1.Heasked_10选择正确的连接词选择正确的连接词1.Canyoutellme_youwereborn,Betty?A.whoB.whatC.whenD.that2.Idontknow_theyhavepassedtheexam.A.whatB.ifC.when D.where3.Ihardlyunderstand_hehastoldme.A.thatB.whatC.which D.who4.Shedidntknow_backsoon.A.whetherhewouldbeB.ifwouldhebeC.hewillbeD.wouldhewhetherbe5.Idontknow_hestillliveshereaftersomanyyears.A.whetherBwhere C.whatD.when选择正确的连接词116.Doyouknow_theylistenedtoyesterday?A.whatBwhenCwhyDhow7.Heaskedme_toldmetheaccident.AwhomBwhich CwhoDwhose8.Peterasked_dictionarythiswas.A.whoseB.whos C.which D.that9.Itoldhim_wasmybook.A.whomB.which C.whoD.whose10.Mumaskedme_Iwouldgoshoppingwith.A.whichB.thatC.where D.whom6.Doyouknow_theylist12（二）语序：陈述句语序 即：主句即：主句+连接词连接词+从句（从句（主主+谓谓+其他成分其他成分）HeaskedmewhenIwasgoingtothebookstore.当从句的原句为以下句子以及当从句的原句为以下句子以及what,who作主语时，语序不变：作主语时，语序不变：Whatswrong?Whatsthematter?Whatshappening?What(has)happened?Whichisthewayto?Whosoverthere?Canyoutellmewhoisoverthere?Doyouknowwhowillgiveusaspeechthisafternoon?Iwanttoknowwhatcanbedoneaboutit.（二）语序：陈述句语序即：主句+连接词+从句（主+谓+其他13陈述句语序陈述句语序1.Theydontknow_.AwhataretheirparentsBwhattheirparentsareCwhowastheirparentsDthattheirparentarewho2.Pleasetellme_lastyear.A.wheredoesyoursisterworkB.wheredidyoursisterworkC.whereyoursisterworksD.whereyoursisterworked3.SheaskedmeifIknew_.A.whosepenisitB.whosepenitwasC.whosepenitisD.whosepenwasit陈述句语序144.Youmustremember_.A.whatyourmothersaidB.whatdidyourmothersayC.yourmothersaidwhatD.whathasyourmothersaid5.Didyouknow_?A.whohewaslookingafterB.whowashelookingforC.whoheislookingforD.whoishelookingafter6.Couldyoutellme_?A.whenwilltheyleaveforBeijingB.whenwouldtheyleaveforBeijingC.whentheywillleaveforBeijingD.whendidtheyleaveforBeijing4.Youmustremember_.15（三）时态(时态一致性）主句用现在时态，从句可用任何时态（按需要）。主句用现在时态，从句可用任何时态（按需要）。Iknowheisateacher.Iknowhewasateacherthreeyearsago.Iknowhehasbeenateacherfor3yearsIknowhewillbeateacheraftergraduation.主句用过去时态，从句可用相应的过去时态。主句用过去时态，从句可用相应的过去时态。但从句说明的是一般真理、客观事实、自然现象、名言时，但从句说明的是一般真理、客观事实、自然现象、名言时，仍用现在时。仍用现在时。Iknewhewasateacher.Iknewhehadbeenateacherfor3years.Iknewhewouldbeateacheraftergraduation.Hetoldmetheearthmovesaroundthesun.（三）时态(时态一致性）主句用现在时态，从句可用任何时态（16确定从句的时态确定从句的时态(根据主句时态根据主句时态)主句时态主句时态从从句句时时态态连连接接前前连连接接后后一般现在时一般现在时时态保持不变时态保持不变一般过去一般过去时时一般现在时一般现在时一般过去时一般过去时一般过去时一般过去时一般过去时一般过去时过去完成时过去完成时一般将来时一般将来时过去将来时过去将来时现在进行时现在进行时过去进行时过去进行时现在完成时现在完成时过去完成时过去完成时过去进行时过去进行时过去进行时过去进行时过去完成时过去完成时过去完成时过去完成时确定从句的时态(根据主句时态)主句时态从句时17时态一致练习时态一致练习1.Thegirlsaskedifthey_somefoodanddrinkwiththem.A.cantakeB.takeC.takesD.wouldtake2.Catherinesaidthatshe_toGuangzhou.A.hasnevergoneB.hadnevergoneC.hasneverbeenD.hadneverbeen3.Thestudentswanttoknowwhetherthey_adictationtoday.A.wouldhaveB.hasC.willhaveD.are4.SheaskedLindaif_goandgetsomechalk.A.couldsheB.shecouldC.shecanD.shemay5.Lindasaidthemoon_roundtheearth.A.traveledB.hastraveledC.travelsD.hadtraveled时态一致练习181.Theradiosaysit_cloudytomorrow.(be)2.Theheadmasterhopeseverything_well.(go)3.Tomsaysthatthey_(play)basketballatsixoclockyesterdayevening.4.Ihearthey_(return)italready.5.Hesaidthatthey_membersofthePartysince1948.(be)6.Heaskedwhatthey_ateightlastnight.(do)7.Theteachertoldhisclassthatlight_fasterthansound.(travel)8.Ithinkyou_aboutthemurdernow.(talk)willbegoeswereplayinghavereturnedhadbeentravelsaretalkingweredoing时态一致练习时态一致练习Theradiosaysit_cloud199.Ididntknowwhomtheletters_from.(be)10.Ididntknowwhattimehe_theletter.(write)11.Mr.Wangtoldmethattheearth_(move)roundthesun.12.Couldyoutellmewho_awaythebookalready?(take)13.LingFengtoldmehe_thereseveraltimes.(be)14.Ourteachertoldusinclassthesun_intheeast.(rise)15.Canyoutellmewhatthey_yesterday?(do)wrotemoveshastakenhadbeenrisesdidwerewouldwrite9.Ididntknowwhomthelette20转述中的人称代词、时间、地点等转换转述中的人称代词、时间、地点等转换 -根据说话时实际情况进行相应转变根据说话时实际情况进行相应转变 Imtired,shesaid.Shesaidthat_wastired.Youplayverywell,hetoldme.Hetoldmethat_playedverywell.Youmusthandinyourpapertomorrow,theteachertoldus.Theteachertoldusthat_musthandin_paper_.Mr.Carteraskedhim,Areyourbookshere?Mr.Carteraskedhimif_bookswere_.sheIweourhistherethenextday转述中的人称代词、时间、地点等转换Imtired,21 Shesaidtome,Openthedoor,please.Dontopenthedoor,please,IsaidtoTom.宾语从句改写中的特殊情形宾语从句改写中的特殊情形 IaskedTom_thedoor.Shetoldme_thedoor.原句是祈使句，不能用宾语从句改写，而应该用“ask/tell sb.(not)to do sth.”的句式。toopennottoopenShesaidtome,Open22宾语从句宾语从句与与简单句简单句的转换的转换 I dont know how I can answer the question.He hoped to be a basketball player.Idontknow_thequestion.Hehoped_abasketballplayer.howtoanswer(that)hecouldbe宾语从句与简单句的转换IdontknowhowI23Itisntgoingtorain.(Ithink)宾语从句的否定形式宾语从句的否定形式 Idontthinkitisgoingtorain.一般而言，宾语从句的否定式与一般句子的否定式一样。一般而言，宾语从句的否定式与一般句子的否定式一样。但若主句谓语动词是但若主句谓语动词是think、believe、guess、suppose等表示等表示“认为，猜想认为，猜想”等词时，一般要把宾等词时，一般要把宾语从句中的否定式转移到主句中。语从句中的否定式转移到主句中。(Hethinks)Hedoesntthinkitisgoingtorain.Itisntgoingtorain.(Ithi24宾语从句应掌握的要点宾语从句应掌握的要点1宾语从句中必须用陈述句的语序陈述句的语序，即主语+谓语动词+其它成分，句末用句号；但主句为疑问句时，句末用问号。2要注意主句时态和从句时态的呼应时态的呼应。当主句的谓语动词是现在时态时，从句的谓语动词可用任何需要的时态。当主句的谓语动词是过去时态时，从句的谓语动词只能用过去时态范围内的某一种时态。（排除下一条）从句表示普遍真理时，即使主句的谓语动词是过去时，从句的谓语动词也须用一般现在时。3.在think,believe等动词引起的宾语从句中，如果否定的是后面的从句，一般要将主句动词改为否定形式，而从句仍然用肯定式。(否定前置否定前置)宾语从句应掌握的要点1宾语从句中必须用陈述句的语序，即主251.TheseflowersarefromGuangdong.Hesaid.Hesaid_theseflowers_fromGuangdong.2.Light(光光)goesfasterthansound.Myteachertoldme.Myteachertoldme_light_fasterthansound.3.Therewillbeameetinginfivedays.Jackdidntknow.Jackdidntknow_there_ameetinginfivedays.4.CantheyspeakFrench?Iwanttoknow.Iwanttoknow_French.that werethat goesthat would beif they can speak1.TheseflowersarefromGuan265.Arethechildrenplayinggames?Tellme.Tellme_thechildren_games.6.Whatshisname?Iaskedhim.Iaskedhimwhat_.7.Howmanypeoplecanyouseeinthepicture?Whoknows?Whoknows_inthepicture?if are playinghis name was how many people you can see 5.Arethechildrenplayingga278.Wheredidsheputhercar?Doyouknow?Doyouknow_hercar?9.Whatdoesheoftentalkabout?Thegirlwondered.Thegirlwondered_often_about.10.Whoknockedatthedoorsoloudly?Idontknow.Idontknow_atthedoorsoloudly.11.Doeshestillliveinthatstreet?Idontknow.Idontknow_hestill_inthatstreet.where she putwhat he talkedwho knockedif lives8.Wheredidsheputhercar?2812.Whendoesthetrainarrive?Pleasetellme.Pleasetellme_.13.Dotheywantfriedchicken?Heaskedtheboys.Heaskedtheboys_they_friedchicken.14.Whydidntyoucomewithustotheparty？SueaskedSteven.SueaskedSteven_tothepartywiththem.when the train arrivesif wantedwhy he hadnt gone12.Whendoesthetrainarrive29将下列句子合并为一句将下列句子合并为一句1.Wheredotheystopontheway?Iasked.2.Whatwillyousayatthemeeting?Couldyoutellme?3.Dotheyliketogoskiing?Heasked.4.Heisdoinghishomework.Hesaid.5.Hewillcomeback.Tomsaid.I asked where they stopped on the way.Could you tell me what you will say at the meeting?He asked if they liked to go skiing.He said that he was doing his homework.Tom said that he would come back.将下列句子合并为一句Wheredotheystopo306.Isshedoingherhomework?Jimasked.7.Whenwillhecomeback?Tomasked.8.HowcanIgettothestation?Couldyoutellme?9.Whyisthetrainlate?Wouldyoutellme?10.WhereisTom?Theyasked.Tom asked when he would come back.Could you tell me how I can get to the station?Would you tell me why the train is late?They asked where Tom was.Jim asked if she was doing her homework.6.Isshedoingherhomework?311.WhatdidMikesay?Hesaid_.A.ifyouarefreethenextweekB.whatcolourwasitC.theweatherisfineD.summercomesafterspring2.Letmetellyou_.A.howmuchisthecarB.howmuchdoesthecarcostC.howmuchdidIpayforthecarD.howmuchIspentonthecarWhatdidMikesay?Hesaid323.Peterknew_.A.whetherhehasfinishedreadingthebookB.whytheboyhadsomanyquestionsC.therewere12monthsinayearD.whentheywillleaveforParis4.Couldyoutellme_?A.whoyouarewaitingforB.wheredoyouliveC.whowereyouwaitingforD.whereyoulivein5.Shetoldmethesun_intheeast.A.riseB.roseC.risesD.hadrisen3.Peterknew_.336.Idontknow_upsoearlylastSunday.A.whydidhegetC.whydoeshegetB.whyhegetsD.whyhegot7.Themanagercameuptosee_.A.whatwasthematterB.whatwrongwasC.whatthematterisD.whatsthematter8.Heaskedhisfather_.A.whereithappensB.wheredidithappenC.howithappenedD.howdidithappen6.Idontknow_upso349.Noonehastoldus_,soweneedyourhelp.A.howweshoulddoB.whatshouldwedoC.howtodoitD.whattodoit10.Couldyoupleaseteachme_thecomputer.A.howcheckC.howtocheckB.howcheckingD.tohowchecking11.Wheredoyouthink_he_theTVset?Sorry,Ivenoidea.A./;boughtB.has;boughtC.did;buyD.did;bought9.Noonehastoldus_,s35新概念2册-39课-宾语从句ppt课件36