（课标卷）高中英语 Unit 3 Inventors and inventions综合检测 新人教版选修8

Unit 3Inventors and inventions(时间：100分钟；满分：120分).单项填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)1(2013周口高二调研)What was it that_her from her classmates?Her excellent spoken English.AarousedBdifferedCdisagreed Ddistinguished2They_finding a solution to prevent the oil from polluting the ocean environment.Theyll make a difference.Aset up Bset aboutCset out Dset off3He is such a(n)_person that all of us can believe in him.Aunbelievable BvaluableCstable Duncomfortable4Because of being scolded，the son_left home without saying anything，which made his parents anxious.Aabruptly BmerelyCshortly Dapparently5(2013承德高二检测)A healthy life is frequently thought to be _with the open countryside and homegrown food.Aassociated BboundCrelated Dtied6(2012四川高考)Before driving into the city，you are required to get your car _.Awashed BwashCwashing Dto wash7He couldnt_being bothered by the loud noise，so he quit.Aignore BconquerCbear Dsuffer8(2012山东高考)After completing and signing it，please return the form to us in the envelope _.Aproviding BprovidedChaving provided Dprovide9Hardly had the soldier suddenly seen the girl fall into the river when he_into the river to help her out.Alooked BturnedCburst Ddived10The boss said we had only three days to finish the work.Dont worry.We have already_two thirds of it.Agot down Bgot throughCgiven in Dgiven away11The pilot told us that everything was OK. Only then_ how dangerous the situation had been.AI realized BI had realizedCdid I realize Dhave I realized12At the concert the singers will _ everyone to protect the environment.Acall up Bcall forCcall off Dcall on13(2013东营高二质检)Out of _ for the homeless，he gave them some food and clothing.Apity BshameCmercy Dfriendship14Id better _ now.The water is boiling in the kitchen.Goodbye.Aring off Bring upChold on Dring back15Come and see me whenever _.Ayou are convenientByou will be convenientCit is convenient to youDit will be convenient to you.完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)I was only 19 when I learned that my father was dying of a rare disease.The doctors didnt know what had caused his disease，nor did they know how to _16_ it. I did much thinking in those last few months _17_ my father died.Dad meant more to me than _18_ else in the world.I remember sitting in the hospitals waiting room in the last daysa thousand _19_ coming into my mind：Why is he dying? Why havent I been closer to him? Why havent I _20_ more time with him？Why? I had no time to really get to know my dad.I loved him so much，but I hadnt told him that in years because I was too _21_ with my work.Now，more than anything，I wanted to tell Dad how I was _22_，and I wasnt even sure whether he would _23_ I was there. I walked into the room.Dad was very _24_.He was breathing hard，but very little oxygen was getting into his bloodstream.He hadnt _25_ to us in days.To my _26_，when I came in，he looked up and _27_ me.“Hello，Son，”he said gently. “Hi，Dad”，I replied in joy.Now was my _28_，but I couldnt get the words “I LOVE YOU” out of my _29_.They stayed locked inside until I was about to explode.Why couldnt I get them out？But _30_，I said，“I love you，Dad.”After all that，the words seemed so _31_ to say as they softly left my lips.Those little words meant so much.He _32_ them and understood.“I love you too，Son，”he _33_ as he touched my hand.That _34_ felt so good. He died just a few hours later.There were a million things I wished I had said to him and done with him._35_，I had told him that I loved him.16A.judgeBsurviveCtreat Ddescribe17A.though BbeforeCas Dif18. Asomeone BanyoneCsomething Dnothing19A.feelings BthoughtsCdecisions Dimpressions20A.saved BexpectedClost Dspent21. Abusy BexcitedChappy Dyoung22A.feeling BlisteningCmissing Dexperiencing23A.admit BknowCthink Dhope24A.independent BstrictCweak Dserious25A.responded BcomeCwritten Dshouted26A.regret BsorrowCsurprise Ddisappointment27A.invited BrecognizedCguided Dintroduced28A.turn BdutyCattitude Dchance29A.control BmindCsight Dmouth30A.finally BshortlyCluckily Dgradually31A.funny BeasyCproud Dstrange32A.touched BguessedCheard Dmissed33A.whispered BapologizedCannounced Dinformed34A.belief BmomentCchoice Devent35A.In fact BAt timesCIn short DAt least.阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)ASteven Spielbergs 2002 sciencefiction thriller Minority Report produced a world where computers could read minds and predict the future.It seemed fanciful at the time，but fantasy is edging closer to fact.On Jan. 31，a team of scientists at the UC Berkeley，led by Robert Knight programmed computers to decode(解码) brain waves and replay them as words.Five months earlier，another group of Berkeley scientists showed their colleagues short movies and used computers to play back in color what people saw.These experiments are a big advance from 2006，when a French scientist first replayed images from a human mind，a blackandwhite checkerboard pattern. The possibilities are great：a disabled person could “speak”；doctors could access the mind of a patient who fainted；you could rewatch your dreams on an iPad.There are，of course，equally dark side，such as the involuntary take out of information from the brain.In spite of these breakthroughs，Jack Gallant，the neuroscientist who led the first Berkeley team，says current technology for decoding brain activity is still “relatively primitive”The field is held back by its poor machinery，in particular the fMRI.“Eventually，says Gallant，someone will invent a decoding machine you can wear as a hat.”Such an advance into the human mind, he says，might take 30 years.Still，the recent advances at Berkeley offer small answers，which scientists can use to begin unlocking the secrets of memory and consciousness.36. What is the BEST title for the passage?ANew technology can read your mindBFantasy is edging closer to factCA new discovery in human brainDThe intelligent computers in the future37What did scientists at the UC Berkeley do?AThey produced a fanciful world.BThey made computers jump forward like a human.CThey managed to translate brain waves into language.DThey used computers to make short movies.38Which of the following is impossible for the research?AIt can help a disabled man recover his ability of speech.BDoctors can read a patients mind even if he is unconscious.CPeople will know what happens in their dreams.DPeoples thoughts may be given away.BThe science of physics today is as current as the morning newspaper.Indeed，as a result of new advances in physics and their rapid application to inventions designed to satisfy mans wants，the world itself has been changing rapidly.Space technology，industrial technology，and the technology of the home，the farm，the office，the bank，and the department store have all been revolutionized.Clearly，every grownup today would understand the world he lives in much better if he knew something about physics.Whether it is Congress voting huge sums of money for new warships，space exploration，or atomic energy；the office staff learning to use a new computer；Son Bobby wanting to know about going to the moon；or the housewife learning to operate a new electric stove，physics seems to be everywhere.Teachers in thousands of schoolrooms in America are trying to communicate some of the excitement and importance of these new developments to their eager students.They know that some of their eager students will someday be scientists and will then contribute themselves to the development of new knowledge or its application to new things.But in any case，they can be sure that if they bring a knowledge of science (any science) to their students in meaningful and stimulating ways，they have contributed much to helping each one live a more meaningful life.39The application of new advances in physics to inventions_.Ais intended to meet peoples needsBmay solve all the problems in teachingCmakes people understand the voting rules of the CongressDcan help people understand the meaning of life40The underlined word “themselves” in Paragraph 3 refers to_.Asome of the eager studentsBthe students in the classroomCthe teachers giving lessonsDall the scientists in physics41The first two paragraphs of the passage mainly tell us about_.Anew advances in physicsBmodern developments in scienceCthe use of physics in our lifeDthe science of physics42Which of the following can be the BEST title of this passage?APhysics and TeachingBPhysics and InventionsCPhysics and LifeDPhysics and NewspapersCIt is a sad fact of life that only one or two percent of invented items make money for their inventors.The author of this book believes this could be increased to ten percent if inventors were provided with and used the information available now.Most inventors do not have the qualities needed for creating successful businesses.Thomas Edison is a classic example.Though a brilliant inventor，he often failed when he tried to commercialize(利用牟利)his inventions.A frequent mistake is that they didnt do basic market research at an early stage.They have spent much money on patenting and tooling，only to learn that the idea has already been patented！Without giving away details of his invention，an inventor can make a simple check using local library directories. A simple computer check may show incredible sources of information related to his item.As children we were told that Emerson had said，“If you build a better mousetrap，the world will beat a path to your door.”So many inventors think that they can sit back and wait for customers to arrive.He who thinks，in this day and age，that a product will sell itself is out of touch with the real world.Inventors often fail to realize that manufacturing costs are often only a small percent of the retail price(零售价)The author also devotes an entire chapter to “Ten Ways to Invention Suicide”This chapter analyzes ten common ways in which inventors end their inventions future.He talks about the “paranoid inventor” who cannot bring himself to trust anyone，“the omnipotent inventor” who thinks that without any resources he can take on an entire industry，and the “greedy inventor” who wants it all for himself.The book concludes that if the inventor thinks that there is some magic formula for the commercialization of his invention，his invention will probably end up among the 98 percent that fail.However，if the inventor makes an honest effort to understand the process of new product development，he can succeed.43What are Paragraphs 25 mainly about?ATips on how to become an inventor.BThe qualities of a good inventor.CThe similarities between inventors all around the world.DReasons why inventors fail to make money from their inventions.44What mistakes do inventors often make?anot doing basic market research beforehandBexpecting products to sell themselvescknowing little about businessDnot caring about costsAabc BacdCab Dcd45.According to Paragraph 6，the “paranoid inventor” _.Adoesnt rely on any resourcesBhas difficulty in believing othersCis greedy and wants all the profitsDis more likely to make money from his invention46. Where can we most probably read the passage?AIn a book review.BIn a research report.CIn an interview with inventorDIn a news report.D(2013山东高考改编)You cant always predict a heavy rain or remember your umbrella.But designer Mikhail Belyaev doesnt think that forgetting to check the weather forecast before heading out should result in you getting wet.Thats why he created Lampbrella，a lamp post with its own rainsensing umbrella.The designer says he came up with the idea after watching people get wet on streets in Russia.“Once，I was driving on a central Saint Petersburg street and saw the street lamps lighting up people trying to hide from the rain.I thought it would be appropriate to have a canopy(伞篷) built into a street lamp，” he said.The Lampbrella is a standardlooking street lamp fitted with an umbrella canopy.It has a builtin electric motor which can open or close the umbrella on demand.Sensors (传感器) then ensure that the umbrella offers pedestrians shelter whenever it starts raining.In addition to the rain sensor，theres also a 360 motion sensor on the fiberglass street lamp which detects whether anyone is using the Lampbrella.After three minutes of not being used the canopy is closed.According to the designer，the Lampbrella would move at a relatively low speed，so as not to cause harm to the pedestrians.Besides，it would be grounded to protect from possible lightning strike.Each Lampbrella would offer enough shelter for several people.Being installed (安装) at 2 metres off the ground，it would only be a danger for the tallest of pedestrians.While there are no plans to take the Lampbrella into production，Belyaev says he recently introduced his creation to one Moscow Department，and insists his creation could be installed on any street where a lot of people walk but there are no canopies to provide shelter.47For what purpose did Belyaev create the Lampbrella?ATo predict a heavy rain.BTo check the weather forecast.CTo protect people from the rain.DTo remind people to take an umbrella.48Which of the following shows how the Lampbrella works?AmotorcanopysensorsBsensorsmotorcanopyCmotorsensorscanopyDcanopymotorsensors49What does Paragraph 5 mainly tell us about the Lampbrella?AIts moving speed. BIts appearance.CIts installation. DIts safety.50What can be inferred from the last paragraph?AThe designer will open a company to promote his product.BThe Lampbrella could be put into immediate production.CThe designer is confident that his creation is practical.DThe Lampbrella would be put on show in Moscow.阅读填句(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)Americans are proud of their variety and individuality(个性)，yet they love and respect few things more than a uniform，whether it is the uniform of a lift operator or the uniform of a fivestar general(将军).51._Among the arguments for uniforms，one of the first is that in the eyes of most people they look more professional than civilian (百姓的) clothes.People expect higher quality from a man who wears a uniform.52._ Faith in the skill of a garage mechanic is increased by a uniform.What easier way is there for a nurse，a policeman，a hairdresser，or a waiter to lose professional identity(职业身份) than to step out of uniform?53._They are often more comfortable and more lasting than civilian clothes.Among the arguments against uniforms is their lack of variety and the loss of individuality experienced by people who must wear them.Though there are many types of uniforms，the wearer of any particular type is generally stuck with it，without change，until retirement.54._55_Though they are longlasting，often their initial(最初的) expense is greater than the cost of civilian clothes.Some uniforms are also expensive to maintain，requiring professional dry cleaning rather than the home laundering possible with many types of civilian clothes.AAmericans think highly of uniforms.BWhy are uniforms so popular in the United States?CWhen people wear the same uniforms, they are likely to think，speak，and act similarly on the job at least.DUniforms also have many practical good points.ESome practical problems with uniforms arise.FThe television repairman who wears a uniform is likely to inspire more trust than one who appears in civilian clothes.GPeoples identity can be recognized more easily by their uniforms.短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)Dear Mary，Im writing to ask some advice.You know，I have the habit of keep a diary.Ive already have four diaries.Im currently on my five one，but I dont know what to write about any more.It seems what all Ive written about is my day，such as go to a film last Wednesday，playing basketball with all my friends yesterday.Sometimes I like to read it，because it make me feel fulfilled.But now I want write down my thoughts and feelings，which I think it is hard.Could you give us some advice?Yours，Lily.书面表达(满分25分)假如你是某中学的高二学生李明。你从朋友处得知英国某发明公司将在暑假期间招聘一名整理最新发明信息的实习生。请你根据以下要点提示，给该公司的人事经理写一封求职信。要点如下：1擅长英语；平时喜欢搞小发明，已获得两项专利；2希望能得到这份工作。注意：1.词数：100左右；2增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3.信的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。Dear Sir or Madam，_Yours sincerely，Li Ming综合检测(三)1D句意：是什么使她比别的同学更优秀？她出色的英语口语。distinguish显示的差别，使有所不同，符合句意。arouse激发，唤醒；differ不同，相异；disagree不同意。2B考查动词短语。句意：他们着手寻找方法阻止漏油污染海洋环境。他们会有所作为。set about开始，着手，后接动名词。set out开始(做)，后接不定式；set up设立，建立；set off出发，动身，使爆炸。由句意可知B项正确。3C考查形容词词义。句意：他是一个如此稳重的人，我们都可以相信他。stable“稳重的”，符合句意。unbelievable“难以置信的”；valuable“贵重的，有价值的”；uncomfortable“不舒服的，不安的，不自在的”。4A句意：由于受到责备，孩子突然离家，什么话也没有留下，这使他的父母很着急。abruptly突然地，唐突地，符合句意。merely只，不过；shortly立刻，不久；apparently显然地，显而易见地。5A考查形容词短语。be associated with，be bound up with，be related to，be tied up with均表示“和有联系”的意思。6A本题考查非谓语动词。考查过去分词作宾语补足语。此题中使役动词get后接的宾语car与作宾语补足语的动词wash之间为被动关系，构成短语get sth.done。故答案选A。句意：在驱车进城之前，你必须将你的车洗了。7C句意：他无法忍受噪音，因此他辞职了。bear“忍受，忍耐”，bear doing“耐得住”，符合句意。ignore“不理睬，忽视”；conquer“征服，占领”；suffer“遭受，忍受，经历”。8B考查非谓语动词。句意：完成并签名后，请把表格放入我们提供的信封内送回。动词provide与其逻辑主语envelope之间是被动关系，在句中作定语，相当于which is provided。9D考查动词词义。句意：这名战士一看到那女孩落入河里，他就潜入水里把她救起。dive into跳水，潜水，俯冲，符合句意。look into研究，调查；turn into变成；burst into突然爆发。10B句意：老板说我们必须在三天内完成这项任务。别担心，我们已完成了三分之二。get down下来，离开，使悲伤；get through用完，完成，顺利通过；give in屈服，勉强同意，交纳；give away赠送，分发。11Conly副词位于句首应用倒装句型。根据从句的时态，可以确定主句应用一般过去时。12D考查短语辨析。call up打电话；call for要求，提倡，为叫喊；call off取消；call on号召，呼吁，正式邀请。句意：在音乐会上，歌手们将号召大家保护环境。故答案应为D项。13C考查名词辨析。句意：出于对那些无家可归的人们的同情，他给他们提供了一些食物和衣服。故应选择mercy。14A根据语境应是“挂断电话”，故答案为A。ring up意为“打电话”；hold on意为“不挂断”；ring back意为“回复电话”。15C先排除B、D两项，因为状语从句中一般将来时须用一般现在时代替。另外，“对于某人来说方便的话”用be convenient to sb.。故选C。语篇解读：一句很普通的“我爱你”，在爸爸弥留之际，作者经过自己的反复斗争终于说出了口。16C根据The doctors didnt know what had caused his disease以及He died just a few hours later可知我父亲的病是无法“治疗”的。17B根据后文的叙述可知，我是在爸爸病故“之前”想了很多。18B根据句意可知爸爸对我来说比任何人都重要。19B根据后文的coming into my mind和后面一连串的问题可知，应该是成千上万的“想法”涌入脑海。20D根据后文I had no time可知，作者在责怪自己为什么没有和父亲一起“度过”更多的时间。21A根据I had no time可知，作者太忙了，没来得及说这些话。22A父亲病危，此时作者最想告诉父亲自己的感受，即“我爱你”。23B那时的爸爸已经病重，我不确定他能否“知道”我在那里。24C根据下文的He was breathing hard可知，爸爸现在是“虚弱的”。25A根据上下文的叙述可知，爸爸一直没有“回应”我们。26C根据下文的叙述，他看了我，而且还说话了，这使我“太吃惊了”。27B下文“Hello，Son，”说明爸爸是“认出”了我。28D爸爸醒来了，而且能和我说话了，这应该是我对他说话的“机会”。29D根据前面的I couldnt get the words可知，这时的我太激动，这些字根本说不出“口”。30A根据此处的but可知，我“终于”说出了“我爱你”这句话。31B根据下文的as they softly left my lips可知，我现在觉得这些话是看似“很容易地”出了我的口。32C根据后面的and understood可知，爸爸“听到了”我的话而且理解了。33A病重的爸爸太虚弱了，现在只能“低语”了。34B“在那一刻”作者感到无比高兴。35D我此时稍感欣慰，“至少”我已经告诉爸爸我爱他。语篇解读：2002年的科幻惊险片Minority Report讲述了电脑能够读取人类大脑的信息并能预测未来。在当时这只是一个幻想，但现在这种幻想正逐步变成现实。本文主要讲述了科学家们在这方面取得的研究成果。36A主旨大意题。本文的中心话题是科学家在利用计算机读取人类大脑想法方面所取得的突破性进展，由此可知，A项做标题最恰当。故答案选A。37C细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“.decode brain waves and replay them as words.”可知，科学家们把脑波以文字的形式再现。故答案选C。38A推理判