（江苏专版）高考英语总复习 微专题训练 第49练 天气与自然灾害类-人教版高三全册英语试题

第49练 天气与自然灾害类单词识记：cause dangerous death stormterrible blow climate terrifyflood freeze disaster forecastshake shelter strike cloudypanic pour warmth shower短语扫描：be/get caught in陷入；被困住be/get stuck in 卡住；陷入burn.to the ground全部焚毁；烧为平地clear up(天气)转晴；清理；解决weather forecast 天气预报set.on fire/set fire to使燃烧；放火烧blow down吹倒dry up (河流、湖泊等)干涸in ruins成为废墟；严重受损become a victim to成为的牺牲品 跟踪训练.语境填词1I kept my friend back from the _(danger) animal.2He suffered _(terrible) all through his illness.3The tidal wave formed a _(terrify) wall of water.4Four of them walked under a _(cloud) sky and all ended up walking in circles.5The old lady received him with unusual _(warm).单项填空6I prefer a table that can be _ when not used so that it may save a lot of space.Acleared up Bfolded upCfixed up Dtaken up7The sharp fall of the stock market caused a _.Apanic BsurpriseCdelight Dhit8The failure was a big _ to him，but he wasnt discouraged and soon got as enthusiastic as ever.(2015福建，24)Ablow BissueCexcuse Dfactor9She wanted to ask if he had news of Williams，but words _ in her throat.Aburst BstuckCbroke Dsettled10The plan was in _ just because people were unwilling to cooperate.Aruins BpiecesCdanger Dtrouble.完形填空Six continuous days of spring rain had created a fierce and rapid river running by Nancy Browns farm.As she tried to drive her cows to higher ground to _1_the disastrous flood，she _2_and hit her head on a fallen tree trunk.The_3_knocked her out for a moment or two.When she came to，Lizzie，one of her oldest and best_4_，was licking her face.The water was constantly_5_.Nancy got up and began walking _6_ with Lizzie.The water was now waist high.Nancys _7_got slower and slower.Finally，all she could do was throw her arms around Lizzies neck and try to hang on.About 20 minutes later，Lizzie_8_to pull herself and Nancy out of the rough water and onto a bit of _9_land，a small island now in the middle of acres of white water._10_，even though it was about noon，the sky was so _11_and the rain and lightning was so bad that it took_12_another two hours to discover Nancy and her cows.A helicopter lowered a paramedic(医务辅助人员)，who _13_Nancy to a lifesupport hoist(吊架)They_14_her into the helicopter and took her to the school gym，where the Red Cross had set_15_an emergency shelter.When the flood_16_ several days later，Nancy immediately went back to the_17_.Lizzie was_18_.She was one of the 19 cows that Nancy lost.“I _19_ my life to her，”said Nancy sobbingly，knowing Lizzie，which rescued her，left helplessly，leaving her a new_20_to live on，for which even thanks seemed “unnecessary”1A.prevent Bescape Cresist Dpredict2A.stopped BworriedCskipped Dslipped3A.adventure BbreakCfall Dchallenge4A.pets BclassmatesCsheep Dcows5A.rising BincreasingCflowing Drunning6A.gently BslowlyCfast Dpatiently7A.move BbreathCpace Ddevelopment8A.wished BmanagedCregretted Dremembered9A.strange Bdeserted Chigh Dbeautiful10A.Meanwhile BFurthermoreCThus DHowever11A.bright BdarkCclear Drainy12A.rescuers BvillagersCsoldiers Dpolicemen13A.guided BfollowedCattached Dforced14A.greeted BraisedCpushed Dcalled15A.down BoffCout Dup16A.broke out Bshowed upCturned down Ddied down17A.home BislandCfarm Dschool18A.gone BdifferentCupset Dpleasant19A.devote BpayCowe Dgive20A.goal BhopeCmethod Dworld.阅读理解OhioLake Erie，the fourth largest lake of North Americas five Great supplies fresh drinking water to an estimated 11 million people in Ohio，Michigan and South Ontario，Canada.Yet sometimes pollution，both from industrial waste and farmchemical runoff，leaves large areas of the lake covered in halfmeterthick layers of green slime(黏液)Scientists blame a lot of chemicals entering the water，which has caused pollution.To find out where these chemicals come from，the Ohio Department of Natural Resources has been studying data from its network of 14 waterquality monitoring stations installed along the rivers that flow into the Lake Erie basin.At one point，water from the small stream is diverted into pipe where it is pumped into the testing station.“Well have a sample a day，year round so that really pins_down what the chemistry is like，” says Dave Baker of Ohios Heidelberg University，who took charge of the monitoring stations for the Department of Natural Resources.The US.Environmental Protection Agency，the federal governments pollution watchdog，requires point sources，such as factories，to monitor and report their discharges(排出物)So Baker is looking for where the other sources of pollution come from.“If there are problems in Lake Erie，we want to know where its coming from and make sure were putting resources to solve the problem properly，” Baker says.“Its stations like this that help do that.”In this case，a primary source of the pollution turns out to be chemical fertilizers that wash off farmland during rainstorms.Because farmers and ranchers believe fertilizers are essential to high crop yields，they would like to use them.However，the USDAs Natural Resource Conservation Service isnt asking them to abandon farm chemicals，but rather to use them more sparingly(慎用地) so that they dont run off the land when it rains.Another technique for reducing farm chemical pollution of Lake Erie is covercrop farming.After the harvest，farmers plant a second quickgrowing crop to reduce erosion.The deeprooted plants，such as rye or turnips，help to cover the soil，allowing worms and fungi to work their magic and helping the soil to absorb more water and nutrients.21Who provides data from Lake Erie?AThe waterquality monitoring stations.BNatural Resource Conservation Service.CThe Ohio Department of Natural Resources.DThe US.Environmental Protection Agency.22The underlined phrase “pins down” in Paragraph 5 means “_”Alooks through Bexplains exactlyCkeep a record of Dshow clearly23What causes the pollution in Lake Erie?AAnimal waste from nearby farms.BWaste water from a nearby factory.CChemical fertilizers from the fields.DPesticide farmers used to kill locusts.24What is the purpose of planting quickgrowing crops?ATo prevent worms from eating crops.BTo increase the harvest of the farmers.CTo make full use of chemical fertilizers in the soil.DTo keep the soil from being washed away.答案精析第49练天气与自然灾害类高考高频单词与短语识记排查跟踪训练.1.dangerous2.terribly3.terrifying4.cloudy5warmth.6.B句意为：我更喜欢不用的时候能折叠的桌子，这样能节省很多空间。clear up整理，(天气)转晴，治愈；fix up准备好，修理；take up占据，开始从事。fold up折叠，符合题意，故选B项。7Acause a panic引起恐慌，符合句意。8A考查名词辨析。句意为：这次失败对他来说是一次很大的打击，但他没有泄气，很快就变得和以往一样有热情了。blow打击；issue问题，议题；excuse借口；factor因素。9B句意为：她想要问他有没有威廉姆斯的消息，但是话在嘴边就是说不出来。根据语境可知，话应该是卡在喉咙口，因此选择B项，stick“卡住”，符合题意。burst爆发，突然发出；break打破；settle解决，定居。10A句意为：计划毁掉了，因为人们不愿意合作。in ruins毁掉，荒废，成为废墟，符合句意。in pieces破碎；in danger在危险中；in trouble处于困境中，有麻烦。故选A项。知识运用与阅读能力专练.语篇解读 大雨夹杂着闪电和雷声，天空一片漆黑。Nancy带着她农场上的奶牛开始逃跑，一路上遇到了艰难和困苦，她和她的牛群能逃出去吗？1B根据语境可知，Nancy设法将她的牛群赶到高处是为了躲避(escape)洪水。2D根据后半句可知，Nancy的头撞在了一棵倒了的树干上，由此可推断她滑倒(slip)了。3C根据上文可知Nancy摔倒了，所以此处选择fall，意思是这一摔倒(fall)导致她昏迷了一会儿。4D根据下文可知Lizzie是Nancy的一头牛(cow)。5A根据下文中的“The water was now waist high.”可知，水面在不断上升(rise)。6B根据语境可知Nancy受伤了而且水面上升到了腰部，所以只能慢慢地(slowly)走，由下文中的“slower and slower”也可得到提示。7C句意为：Nancy的步子越来越慢了。pace步伐。8B句意为：20分钟后，Lizzie成功地将自己和Nancy从水里拖了出来。manage to do sth.设法完成某事。9C根据上文中的“As she tried to drive her cows to higher ground.”可知此处选择C。10D根据上下文语境可知上下文为转折关系，所以选择D项。11B根据“even though it was about noon.”可知后半句与该句为转折关系。句意为：尽管是在中午，天空也漆黑一片，大雨夹杂着闪电。dark漆黑的。12A根据下文可知来了一些营救人员(rescuer)。13C句意为：这个医务辅助人员把Nancy放在了担架上。attach sb./sth.to把某人/某物系在上。14B根据“A helicopter lowered a paramedic(医务辅助人员).”可知选择B项。raise提升；举起。15D句意为：红十字会在学校的体育场建立了一个临时救助站。set up建立。16D句意为：几天之后，洪水退去。die down渐渐消失。17B根据上下文语境可知，Nancy是回到Lizzie救她的那个岛(island)上。18A根据下文中“She was one of the 19 cows that Nancy lost.”可知，Lizzie不见了。19C根据下文中“.said Nancy sobbingly，knowing Lizzie，which rescued her.”可知，是Lizzie救了Nancy，她能活着，这要归功于(owe to)Lizzie。20B句意为：Lizzie救了Nancy，给Nancy留下一个新的希望(hope)。.21A细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知，伊利湖沿岸的14个水质检测站为研究者提供了关于水质的数据。故选A。22B词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句可知，水质检测站人员每天都提取水样，这样可以准确地解释水中的化学物质究竟是什么。故选B。23C细节理解题。根据倒数第三段内容可知，附近农田里的化肥在暴风雨中被冲刷到伊利湖中，造成了水污染。故选C。24C推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，在庄稼收获之后，农民可以种植速生作物，以便可以充分吸收土壤中残留的化肥，避免土壤被侵蚀。 故选C。