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第8练 语言学习类（一）单词识记：materialpractice writtencommunicateexpression fault focus masterovercome perfect practise spokenstandard term translate acquirecomposition grasp memorize imitate短语扫描：put.into practice将付诸实践focus ones mind/attention on sth.集中注意力于某物上pay off 取得成功；取得好结果；还清(欠款等)team up with 与合作lose heart灰心find fault (with) 找茬；挑剔translate sth.into sth.把翻译成advise sb.to do sth.建议某人做某事ask sb.for advice 征求某人的意见give/offer sb.advice on给某人关于的建议 跟踪训练.语境填词1This adaptation _(perfect) grasps the spirit of Kurt Vonneguts novel.2He _(集中) his blue eyes on her.3_(标准) are moral principles which affect peoples attitudes and behavior.4We should try our best to make our ideal _(翻译) into reality.5I didnt know that she _(取得) sole control of the newspaper in 2014.单项填空6Since it is common _ to copy others designs，the Council of Fashion Designers has recently urged the government to pass laws to protect designers rights.Apractice Bstandard Csense Dactivity7Dad，I dont think Oliver the right sort of person for the job.I see.Ill go right away and _.(2014江苏，30)Apay him back Bpay him offCput him away Dput him off8With so many essays _，he wont have time to go shopping with his parents this afternoon.Awriting BwrittenCto write Dbe written9_ her performance in study，no one can match her in the grade.However，learning takes up all her time and she hasnt developed other abilities，which is a great pity.AOn behalf of BIn terms ofCAs a result of DIn charge of10Putin is a man of few words，and seldom speaks unless _ to.Its no wonder that hes always sitting in the corner silently.Aspoken BspeakingCto speak Dhaving spoken.阅读理解(2017广东揭西河婆中学月考)At Dulles High school in Sugar Land，Texas，the roster(候选名单) for Advanced Chinese begins with Jason Chao and ends with Kathy Zhang.In between comes an unexpected name：Elizabeth Hoffman.Hoffman，now a 12th grader，who began learning Chinese in the eighth grade，has spent a summer studying in Nanjing and plans to perfect her Mandarin next fall.When asked by her peers why she is learning Chinese，she responds with a question：“why arent you？”As China rushes toward superpower status，Americas schools and government officials are responding to Hoffmans opinion.Earlier this year Rush Holt of New Jersey introduced legislation(立法) calling for increased money of programs for less commonly taught languages，“For reasons of economics，culture and security，we should have much better facilities(设备) with Chinese languages and dialects，” he said.The State Department has pointed out Chinese is becoming a “critical language”，but the most recent data show that only 24,000 students in Grade 7 to Grade 12 study Chinese.Still，the number is growing.In Chicago public schools，enrollment in Chinese classes has skyrocketed from 5,000 students in 2005 to nearly 35,000 students this year.In the Santa Clara County，California，enrollment has quadrupled during the same period.In 2007，when the College Board first introduces advancedplacement language exams in Chinese and Italian,2,400 high school plan to offer AP Chinese10 times the number of students that plan to offer AP Italian.Much of the interest can be explained by Chinas increasing competitiveness.“People are always trying to judge what languages are going to be useful for the future，” says Marty Abbot，the director of education at the National Council on the Teaching of Foreign Languages.Stephanie Wong，a student At Monta Vista High School in Cupertino，California，chose Chinese so that she could speak with her grandfather.Wong also predicted that Chinese will be important if she becomes a doctor.80 percent of people in her hometown are Asians.1What does the first paragraph mainly discuss?ADulles High School offers a Chinese course.BElizabeth Hoffman takes the lead in learning Chinese.CElizabeth Hoffman suggests her school offer a Chinese course.DJason and Kathy are the top students at Dulles School.2According to the text，Chinese is becoming a “critical language” because _.AAmerican government has pointed it outBRush Holt introduced legislation calling for opening ChineseCmany students in the world choose to learn ChineseDChina rushes toward superpower status3_ arouses Americas schools interest in Chinese.AThe fact that Chinese is becoming a “critical language”BThe beautiful Chinese traditional cultureCChinas increasing competitiveness in the worldDThe population of people speaking Chinese4We can infer from the passage that _.Aif a language is useful for the future，it may become a critical languageBin America，more people speak Italian than ChineseCthe number of enrollment in Chinese classes will be increasing foreverDmore money must be spent on facilities with Chinese languages.任务型阅读(2016苏北四市三模)Teenagers who spend quality time with their parents are more likely to want to further their studies，according to research from the University of Warwick.Researchers found that adolescents who take part in cultural activities with their mother and father were more likely to aspire(渴望) to continue their studies post16 than those who didnt.This is compared to even those who attended homework clubs or participated in extracurricular activities.Dr.Hartas led the research.She said，“Filial(子女的) dynamics such as emotional closeness to parents and cultural capital were better predictors than more schooldriven parentchild interactions.” Factors relating to family emotional closeness，bullying，friendships，homework，extracurricular activities and perception of parental interest in the childs education were examined.The researchers measured responses to questions about a variety of topics such as visiting art galleries，discussing books at home，the number of evenings spent doing homework，relationship with siblings and quarrelling with parents.Dr.Hartas and her team found that the willingness to solve problems was a strong predictor of educational aspiration.Adolescents who indicated they were less confident at handling problems were 30% less likely to rate gaining GCSEs important.In addition those who expressed a lower level of general wellbeing were 18% more likely to choose not to go to university.Closeness to parents was an indicator of attitude towards GCSEs；those who did not feel emotionally close to their parents were two times higher to consider GCSEs unimportant.However，emotional closeness to parents was not found to be significant in predicting a desire to attend university.What the researchers termed “cultural capital” or participating in cultural activities also appeared to affect the desire to study further.Those who werent exposed to cultural activity were 14% and 20% respectively less likely to consider university or GCSEs as important.Those who did go to museums，galleries，concerts etc.were found to be 23% less likely to consider training or employment post16.Dr.Hartas said that these findings had significant implications for family and educational policy，especially with regard to “raising aspirations and reducing early school leaving”They also raised the issue of reconsidering the role of the home environment as a web of emotionally and intellectually charged relationships between parents and children rather than an extension of the school day.答案精析第8练语言学习类(一)高考高频单词与短语识记排查跟踪训练.1.perfectly2.focused3.Standards4.translated5acquired.6.A考查名词词义辨析。句意为：由于抄袭他人的设计是一种惯例，最近时装设计者委员会敦促政府通过法律保护设计者的权益。standard标准；sense意识，感觉，common sense常识；activity活动。common practice惯例，通常的做法，符合题意，故选A项。7B考查动词短语辨析。pay sb.back惩罚、报复某人；pay sb.off付清工资后解雇某人；put away收拾，整理；put off推迟。8C考查with的复合结构。句意为：因为有许多文章要写，今天下午他没有时间与父母逛街。with的复合结构中essay与write之间是动宾关系，且时间状语为this afternoon，故选C项。9B句意为：就学习方面来说，没有人能比得上她的成绩；然而，学习占用了她所有的时间，因此，她到现在都没有发展其他的能力，这是一个遗憾。on behalf of代表；in terms of就而言；as a result of由于；in charge of负责，掌管。10A句意为：Putin是一个少言寡语的人，他很少说话，除非别人跟他讲话。难怪他总是一个人静静地坐在角落里。unless后是一个省略句，完整的句子结构应该是：unless he is spoken to，所以答案选A。阅读能力专练.1B段落大意题。根据第一段中的“Hoffman，now a 12th grader，who began learning Chinese in the eighth grade，has spent a summer studying in Nanjing and plans to perfect her Mandarin next fall.”可知，Elizabeth Hoffman在学习汉语方面是领先的。故选B。2D细节理解题。根据第二段第一句中的“As China rushes toward superpower status”可知，汉语成为重要的语言是因为中国快速奔向超级大国地位。故选D。3C细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“Much of the interest can be explained by Chinas increasing competitiveness.”可知，中国强大的竞争力吸引他们学习汉语的兴趣。故选C。4A推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“People are always trying to judge what languages are going to be useful for the future”可知，如果一门语言对未来重要，它可能会成为至关重要的语言。故选A。.语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。科学家通过实验和调查发现和父母一起度过黄金时光的青少年进一步学习的愿望更加强烈。5Finding信息查找题。根据第一段第二句“Researchers found that adolescents who take part in cultural activities.”和最后一段第一句“Dr.Hartas said that these findings had significant implications.”可知答案。6possibility/probability信息转换题。根据第一段第一句“Teenagers who spend quality time with their parents are more likely to want to further their studies.”可知答案。7participating信息查找题。根据第一段第二句“Researchers found that adolescents who take part in cultural activities.”和第四段第一句“What the researchers termed cultural capital or participating in cultural activities.”可知答案。8Factors信息查找题。根据第二段第三句“Factors relating to family emotional closeness，bullying，friendships，homework，extracurricular activities and perception of parental interest in the childs education were examined.”可知答案。9emotionally信息转换题。根据第二段第二句“She said，Filial(子女的) dynamics such as emotional closeness to parents and cultural capital were better predictors than more schooldriven parentchild interactions.”可知答案。10confidence/willingness信息转换题。根据第三段第一、二句“Dr.Hartas and her team found that the willingness to solve problems was a strong predictor of educational aspiration.Adolescents who indicated they were less confident at handling problems were 30% less likely to rate gaining GCSEs important.”可知答案。11stronger信息转换题。见上题解析。12access信息转换题。根据第四段第二句“Those who werent exposed to cultural activity were 14% and 20% respectively less likely to consider university or GCSEs as important.”可知答案。13leaving/quitting信息查找题。根据最后一段第一句“Dr.Hartas said that these findings had significant implications for family and educational policy，especially with regard to raising aspirations and reducing early school leaving”可知答案。14instead信息转换题。根据最后一段最后一句“They also raised the issue of reconsidering the role of the home environment as a web of emotionally and intellectually charged relationships between parents and children rather than an extension of the school day.”可知答案。
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