《捷进英语B2U》PPT课件

2Journeys of Discovery READING FOR LEARNING 2 READING FOR DOING 3 GUIDED WRITING4 AUDIO/VIDEO LAB5 WARM-UP1 WRAP-UP6 READING FOR LEARNINGVocabulary Focus Grammar Focus Beyond the Text Text: Amazing Journeys New Words Phrases and Expressions # migration survival calendar# migrate direction temperature whereas fat destination landmarkfind ones way (back) toProper Names # turtle # salmon # crab giant # magnet How much do you know about animal migration? Watch the following video clip, and think about the following questions.1. What animals are mentioned in the video?2. What animal makes the longest migration? READING FOR LEARNINGAmazing JourneysTask 1 Task 2 Task 3 Task 4 Using the introduction paragraph (有效利用开头段落) 文章的开头段落一般具有文章概览的特点，它是对文章内容的整体介绍，通常包含背景知识、相关统计数据、作者的主要观点等。所以，在写论文或查阅资料时，我们通常可以通过快速浏览文章的开头段落来决定是否继续阅读或购买这篇资料。Task 1 Read the first paragraph and tick the things you think the text will cover. Read the text and check your predictions. READING FOR LEARNING1 How animals migrate. 2 Why animals migrate. 3 Our understanding of animal migration. 4 The biggest migration of animals. 5 How humans travel around. A Nearly all animal migrations happen for one reason onlysurvival. For some animals, it is to find food. However, for others, it is to have their young in a place away from other dangerous animals. Animals do not have a calendar on their wall to tell them when to migrate. So how do they know when to leave? How do they find their way back to the place they were born many years ago? Or how do they know which direction to go on a 1 2 ,0 0 0 -mile journey? Scientists are starting to understand more of the secrets of animal migration. Amazing Journeys译文奇妙的旅途几乎所有的动物迁徙都只是出于同一个理由生存。有些动物迁移是为了寻找食物，另一些则是为了远离危险，繁衍后代。动物们没有一个挂在墙上的日历告诉他们何时迁徙，那么它们是如何知道何时该启程了呢？它们又是如何找回到多年前出生的地方呢？又或者，它们 是如何知道在这12,000 英里的旅途中该向哪个方向前行呢？科学家正开始了解更多关于动物迁徙的奥秘。 Whats the reason for animal migration? B Knowing when to migrate comes from various things. For some animals, it is how long the day is. Some judge the time by the temperature outside, whereas others know when to travel by the level of fat in their body. Animals know how much fat they need. When their fat levels fall, many will migrate.However, if they wait too long, they will not have enough fat to make the journey. 译文很多事物可以告诉动物何时迁徙：有些依据白天的长短，有些靠外界的温度变化判断时间，而另一些则通过他们体内脂肪的水平决定启程的时间。动物们知道自己需要多少脂肪。当脂肪水平减少时，很多动物就会出发。但是，如果它们等待的时间过长，就会没有足够的脂肪来完成旅行。How could animals judge when to migrate? CNo one fully knows how animals find their way to their destination. However, research is starting to show that both animals minds and the human brain have something like the GPS. Animals may use anything from landmarks, the stars, the moon and the sun to help remember where they are, where they have been and where they are going. While humans might remember short journeys such as their way around a city, it is quite another step to travel to somewhere over 1 0 ,0 0 0 miles away with nothing but yourself! 译文没有人充分了解动物是如何找到迁徙目的地的。但研究正显示，动物的大脑和人的大脑都有类似全球定位系统的东西。动物可以利用地标、星辰、月亮和太阳等任何东西帮它们记住自己现在在哪里，曾经去过哪里，以及将要去哪里。虽然人们可能会记住一些较短的路途，例如所在城市周围的路线，但是仅靠自己不借助任何帮助就踏上一个一万多英里的旅途，就是另一回事了。More InformationHow could animals find their way to their destination? Some turtles can travel 1 2 ,0 0 0 miles back to the beach where they were born to have their own young turtles. Salmon “smell” the water to return from the sea to a river. Many birds, butterflies and crabs use the Earth like a giant magnet to find their way. 译文一些海龟可以迁徙12,000 英里，回到它们出生的那片海滩来繁衍后代。大马哈鱼靠闻海水的气味从大海回到河流。很多鸟类、蝴蝶和蟹类都把地球当成一个巨型磁铁来寻找方向。 migratione.g. Swallows begin their migration south in autumn. 燕 子 在 秋 季 开 始 向 南 方 迁 徙 。n. 迁徙；移居Back to Vocabulary survivaln. 生存Back to Vocabulary calendarn. 日历Back to Vocabulary directionn. 方向；方位Back to Vocabulary temperaturen. 温度；气温Back to Vocabulary fatn. 脂肪Back to Vocabulary destinationn. 目的地；终点Back to Vocabulary landmarke.g. The Empire State Building is a familiar landmark on the New York skyline. 帝 国 大 厦 是 纽 约 高 楼 大 厦 中 一 个 为 人 熟 知 的 地 标 。n. 地标Back to Vocabulary turtlen. 海龟Back to Vocabulary salmonn. 鲑鱼；大马哈鱼Back to Vocabulary crabn. 螃蟹Back to Vocabulary giantadj. 特大的；巨大的Back to Vocabulary magnetn. 磁铁；磁石Back to Vocabulary find ones way (back) toe.g. Finally, they found their way to the Great Wall. 他 们 最 终 找 到 了 去 长 城 的 路 。找到（回）去的路Back to Vocabulary Back to VocabularyGPS (Global Positioning System)全球定位系统 1) migration: 迁徒；移居；迁居 e.g. A migration into European countries continued in full spate. 移居欧洲国家的热潮一直在持续。 2) migrate: v. when an animal migrates, it travels to a different place, usually when the season changes（鸟或动物）迁徙；移栖 e.g. In winter, these birds migrate south to a warmer climate. 冬天，这些鸟会向南迁徙，到更温暖的地方过冬。 if people migrate, they travel in large numbers to a new place to live temporarily （指人）大批外出；（暂时）移居；迁移 e.g. He migrated to Australia as a young man. 他年轻时就移居澳大利亚。1 Nearly all animal migrations happen for one reason onlysurvival. 几乎所有的动物迁徙都只是出于同一个理由生存。3) survival: n the fact or state of continuing to live or exist, especially in difficult conditions 生存；存活；幸存 e.g. The doctors told my wife I had a slim chance of survival. 医生告诉我妻子，我生还的几率微乎其微。 something that has continued to exist from a previous time 遗留物；幸存者 e.g. The little boy is the only survial from the car accident. 这个小男孩是此次车祸中的唯一幸存者。 2 Or how do they know which direction to go on a 12,000-mile journey? 又或者，它们是如何知道在这12,000 英里的旅途中该向哪个方向前行呢？direction: n. 1）the way something or someone moves, faces, or is aimed 方向 ；方位 e.g. The suspects were seen heading in the direction of Miami. 人们发现嫌疑犯往迈阿密方向去了。2）plural instructions for doing something or getting to a place 用法说明；指示 e.g. Be sure you read the directions before using any piece of equipment. 使用此设备之前务必阅读其说明。 3 Some judge the time by the temperature outside, whereas others know when to travel by the level of fat in their body. 有些靠外界的温度变化判断时间，而另一些则通过他们体内脂肪的水平来决定启程的时间。whereas: conj . it is used to indicate a contrast between two facts or ideas 然而；但是 e.g. Some of the studies show positive results, whereas others do not. 有一些研究结果令人满意，其他的则不然。 His children are well bred, whereas those of his sisters are naughty. 他的孩子很有教养，但他姐姐家的孩子却很调皮。 4 However, if they wait too long, they will not have enough fat to make the journey. 但是，如果它们等待的时间过长，就会没有足够的脂肪来完成旅行。1) fat: n. a soft white substance stored in a layer under your skin 脂肪 e.g. Reduce the amount of fat in your diet. 要减少食物中的油脂量。 2) make: v. succeed in achieving something by reaching the necessary level or standard达到；实现；完成 e.g. Weve made our target of 10,000 sales this month. 我们已经完成这个月10,000宗销售的目标。 5 While humans might remember short journeys such as their way around a city, it is quite another step to travel to somewhere over 10,000 miles away with nothing but yourself!虽然人们可能会记住一些较短的路途，例如所在城市周围的路线，但是仅靠自己不借助任何帮助就踏上一个一万多英里的旅途，就是另一回事了。1) while: conj. used for saying that although you accept that something is true, there are also doubts or facts that you cannot ignore 尽管；然而；虽然 e.g. While I agree with you, I do not believe that your way is the best. 尽管我同意你的看法，但我不认为你的方法是最好的。2) 在本句后半个从句中，it是形式主语，置于句首，真正的主语是to travel to somewhere over 10,000 miles away with nothing but yourself。 e.g. It is very challenging to deal with this problem. 处理这个问题很有挑战性。 Reading and Understanding Task 2 Read the text and:1 circle the things that could tell an animal when to migrate. a The length of the day. b How hot it is. c The changes in plants. d The changes in their body. 2 circle the things animals could use to find their way when migrating. a Things in the sky. b Things on the ground such as buildings, forests or mountains. c Smells. d Older animals. Reading and Understanding Task 3 Read the text and answer the questions.1 What is the main reason for animal migration? 2 What happens if animals leave it too late to travel? 3 What is more impressive about animal travel than human travel? 4 Where do turtles travel to have their young? 5 How do salmon find their way back to where they were born? 6 How do birds find the right direction to go when they migrate? Possible answers 1 Survival. 2 They might not have nough fa to make the journey and may die. 3 Humans only remember short journeys, e.g. their way around a city,whereas animals can remember journeys of thousands of miles. 4 They travel back to where they were born. 5 They smell the water. 6 They use the Earth like a magnet. Reading and Understanding Task 4 How good is your internal GPS? Rate yourself on the scale. Compare yourself with a partner.1 I get lost when I go to a new place. 2 If I have travelled somewhere once, the next time I will find it easily. 3 I could direct someone almost anywhere in my hometown. 4 I rely on other people to remember directions. Vocabulary FocusTask 1 Match the words to their explanations. 1 discovery a staying alive despite danger 2 survival b a building or thing that helps you know where you are, eg Big Ben 3 calendar c something that was not known before; something new 4 migration d the place you are travelling to 5 direction e the way a person is moving, eg north, south, east, west 6 destination f the movement from one place to another of a large group of people, birds, animals, etc 7 landmark g a set of pages that show the days, weeks, and months of a particular year Vocabulary FocusTask 2 Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the words in brackets. discovery survivalmigration direction destinations1 The _ (discover) of a cure for Ebola (埃博拉病毒) was one of the big scientific aims of 2014. 2 Animals spend much of their life fighting for _ (survive). 3 The _ (migrate) of giant red crabs is one of the most amazing sights. 4 Nick is always getting lost because of his terrible sense of _ (direct). 5 Our city is one of the most popular tourist _ (destination). Vocabulary FocusTask 3 Complete the passage with words from the boxes. Hibernation (冬眠) is not simply a long sleep. Sleeping is simply the body relaxing and repairing (1) _ in hibernation an animals body changes a lot. Different animals hibernate at different times of the year. One of the main things they use to (2) _ when to hibernate is the (3) _. As it gets colder, many animals start to prepare to hibernate. Many animals reduce the energy they use and many animals breathe less. (4) _, some animals even stop breathing completely. whereas judge temperatureAmazingly Grammar Focus： Indefinite Pronouns (不定代词)someone/anyone, something/anything 以及somewhere/anywhere这几组不定代词的区别与some和any的区别相似： some常用于肯定句中，后面常接不可 数名词； 表示建议、请求并希望得到对方的肯定 回答时，some也可以用于疑问句； any常用于否定句和疑问句中，后面常 接可数名词的复数形式或不可数名词。Task 1 Find and underline examples of indefinite pronouns in the text. Then match the indefinite pronouns in the boxes to their explanations. The first one is already done for you. 1 In no places (nowhere)2 In a place ( ) 3 All the people ( ) 4 No person ( ) 5 A person ( ) 6 All the things ( ) 7 No things ( ) 8 A thing ( ) 9 In all the places ( ) somewhereeveryone/everybody no one/nobody someone/somebody everythingnothingsomethingeverywhere Task 2 Choose the correct indefinite pronoun to complete the sentences.1 I knew _ at the party. A anyone B everyone 2 Are you doing _ interesting this holiday? A anything B something 3 Do you have _ to drink? A anything B something 4 The teacher wasnt happy because _ knew the answer. A no one B someone 5 Lets go _ for fun tonight. A anywhere B somewhere 6 There was a knock on the door, but _ answered it. A no one B anyone 7 There isnt _ I want to eat on the menu. A everything B anything 8 We went _ in town during the holiday. A everywhere B anywhere Grammar Focus： Indefinite Pronouns (不定代词) Task 3 Complete the three conversations with appropriate indefinite pronouns.Grammar Focus： Indefinite Pronouns (不定代词)Lin: Shall we do (1) _ together tonight? Marek: Sorry, I cant. I think were going (2) _ for dinner, but Im not sure where. Piotr: I watched (3) _ about how animals migrate on TV last night. Kinga: Was it interesting? Piotr: It was. On Easter Island, (4) _ in the Pacific Ocean, giant red crabs migrate across the island. It looked amazing. For some other animals, it seems (5) _ can stop them. Some elephants migrate through a hotel every year! Kinga: Wow! Ill watch it today. Hayley: (6) _ you go you get lost! Where are you now? Liam: Im not sure. (7) _ near the High Street, I think. Hayley: Are there any landmarks you can see? Liam: I can see a clock tower at the end of the street. Hayley: OK, wait there. Ill go and find you. (8) _ else gets lost as often as you! something somewheresomething somewherenothing EverywhereSomewhere No one/Nobody Beyond the TextTask 1 Survival is the main reason for both animal migration and human migration. Read the passage about a famous human migration in history. Then find out why these people chose to move in this case. 10 Poms After World War II, many Britons (Poms) were sold the dream of a new life in Australia. At the time, a journey to Australia cost 120, which was 6 months salary for many people. The Australian Government offered a fare of just 10. Over one and half million people went there. It became one of the largest planned migrations of the 20th Century. As ruled by the Australian Government, the migrants had to stay there for at least 2 years or they had to pay the fare back. Some made new lives for themselves, but others were not happy and many were homesick. Around one quarter of the 10 Poms left Australia within a few years of their arrival. Pom: （尤指移居澳大利亚或新西兰的）英国人Possible answers They chose to migrate because they were sold a dream of a new life in Australia. Beyond the TextTask 3 Emigrate means to move to another country to live. Imagine you have the chance to emigrate to one of these countries. Which one would you choose and why? I would move to Brazil because Beyond the TextTask 4小组作业：例举在中国居住的几大优势，说服老外移民中国。要求：图片加简要的文字。提示：可以从饮食，文化 ，交通等各方面去阐述。 READING FOR DOINGThe Greatest InventionsTask 1 Task 2 Task 3 Task 4 Task 5 New Words Phrases and Expressions technological vote surprisingly # penicillin dramaticallyair conditioner high streetProper Names generation map cancer beatjet airplane let alone Task 1 Look at the inventions and discoveries in the picture. Which do you think is the most important invention? Write down the ones that are mentioned in the comments. READING FOR DOING If you ask anyone what they cant live without, many people may say “my phone”. Modern mobile phones include so many important inventions of the last century. We now have more technological power in our pockets than most companies had in a room 5 0 years ago. Although we might find it hard to live without our smart phones, are they truly the most important invention so far? What do you think? Vote for the most important inventions in history and post comments to support your vote. The Greatest Inventions译文最伟大的发明如果你随便问一个人，他离开了什么便无法生活，很多人可能会回答说“我的手机”。现代移动电话包括了上世纪很多重要的发明。可以说，现在我们口袋里的技术力量甚至超越了50 年前多数公司的整间办公室。虽然我们可能会觉得没有智能手机很难活下去，但智能手机真的是迄今为止最重要的发明吗？你是怎么认为的？来为历史上最重要的发明投票，并发表评论来支持你的投票吧。 译文The Greatest InventionsComments Surprisingly, air conditioner is over 1 0 0 years old! For me, its one of the most important inventions, because it made it much easier to live and work in very hot parts of the world. Without it, a lot less people would live in my country. The refrigerator made a huge difference to peoples lives. We could keep our food fresh for longer. It also cut illnesses. 评论卢布娜 令人惊讶的是，空调已经有一百年多的历史了！对我而言，空调是最重要的发明之一，因为它使人们可以在世界上非常炎热的地方更轻松地生活和工作。没有它，在我的国家居住的人口会少得多。埃米 冰箱极大地改变了人们的生活。食物的保鲜期延长了，疾病的发生也减少了。 译文The Greatest InventionsIt has to be the Internet. Everything in the world is so connected because of it. It makes life easier in so many waysI cant imagine life without it. Some of the biggest companies are only on the Internetthe high street is completely different now. Penicillin has to be one of the most important inventions. It has saved thousands of lives around the world. 尼基 青霉素当仁不让，肯定是最重要的发明之一。它拯救了世界上成千上万人的生命。索莫 最重要的发明非因特网莫属。世界万物因其而紧密相连。它让生活的方方面面都更加便利我无法想象没有它的生活。一些大公司都完全在网上运行商业街已今非昔比。 More Information 译文The Greatest Inventions雷吉 喷气飞机极大地改变了世界。在我父母的那一代，大多数人没有离开过自己居住的城市，更不用说出国了。而如今，人们周游世界，体验各国风土人情。阿布杜尔 人类DNA的发现和绘制无疑是最重要的。几乎所有的重大疾病，如癌症等，都将可能因为我们对人类DNA的了解而被治愈。 The jet airplane changed the world dramatically. In my parents generation, most people didnt leave their city, let alone their country. Now people travel all over the world experiencing different cultures and countries. The discovery and mapping of human DNA has to be the most important. Nearly all major illnesses, such as cancer, will probably be beaten because of our understanding of human DNA. technologicale.g. With technological changes many traditional skills have become obsolete. 随 着 技 术 的 革 新 ， 许 多 传 统 技 艺 已 被 淘 汰 。adj. 技术的； 工艺的Back to Vocabulary vote v. 投票 n. 投票；选票Back to Vocabulary surprisinglye.g. Surprisingly, mathematics was voted their favourite subject. 令 人 惊 讶 的 是 ， 数 学 课 被 选 为 他 们 最 喜 欢 的 科 目 。adv. 出人意料地；惊人地Back to Vocabulary penicilline.g. Fleming discovered penicillin by accident in 1928. 弗 莱 明 在 1928年 偶 然 发 现 了 青 霉 素 。n. 青霉素；盘尼西林Back to Vocabulary dramaticallye.g. The population in that country decreased dramatically. 这 个 国 家 的 人 口 减 少 了 许 多 。adv. 引人注目地； 大幅度地Back to Vocabulary generationn. 代；一代Back to Vocabulary mape.g. I think the mapping of human DNA is a great discovery. 我 认 为 人 类 基 因 图 谱 的 绘 制 是 一 项 伟 大 的 发 现 。v . 给基因在染色体上定位Back to Vocabulary cancere.g. 90% of lung cancers are caused by smoking. 90%的 肺 癌 是 吸 烟 所 致 。n. 癌（症）Back to Vocabulary beat v. 击败；打Back to Vocabulary air conditioner空调Back to Vocabulary high street商业街Back to Vocabulary jet airplane喷气式飞机Back to Vocabulary let alonee.g. We cant afford a bicycle, let alone a car. 我 们 连 自 行 车 也 买 不 起 , 更 不 用 说 汽 车 了 。 更不用提Back to Vocabulary 以上两个句子都包含“主语+ 谓语+ 形式宾语it+ 补语+ 宾语（不定式）”的结构。e.g. I feel it an honor to be invited to make a speech here. 能应邀在此讲座，我感到无比荣幸。 I dont think it possible to master a language without any efforts. 我认为不付出任何努力就掌握一门语言是不可能的。1 (1) Although we might find it hard to live without our smart phones, are they truly the most important invention so far? 虽然我们可能会说没有智能手机很难活下去，但智能手机真的是迄今为止最重要的发明吗？ (2) . because it made it much easier to live and work in very hot parts of the world 因为它使人们可以在世界上非常炎热的地方更轻松地生活和工作。 vote:1) v. formally express an opinion by choosing between two or more issues, people, etc. 投票常见搭配有vote on.对投票；vote for(in favorof)/against.投票支持/反对 e.g. The Council will vote on the proposal next Friday. 市议会下周五将对这一提议进行投票表决。 Im going to vote for Jackson. 我打算投票支持杰克逊。 68 percent of the union voted against striking. 工会中68%的人投票反对罢工。2) n. the formal expression of a choice between two or more issues, people, etc.投票；选票 e.g. My vote will go to the candidate who promises tax reform. 我的票将投给承诺税改的候选人。2 Vote for the most important inventions in history and post comments to support your vote.来为历史上最重要的发明投票，并发表评论来支持你的投票吧。 1) dramatically: adv. suddenly or obviously引人注目地，大幅度地 e.g. Marys life changed dramatically after she transferred to our company. 自从调到我们公司以后，玛丽的生活发生了巨大的变化。2) dramatic: adj. great and sudden 巨大而突然的；急剧的e.g. a dramatic increase in sales 销售额暴涨 The change in him was dramatic. 他的变化很大。 exciting or impressive 激动人心的；给人深刻印象的e.g. a dramatic game 一场激动人心的比赛 intended to be impressive so that people notice（行为）夸张的；引人注目的e.g. Dont be so dramatic! 别这样夸张了！ She put a hand to her head with a dramatic gesture. 她动作夸张地把一只手放在头上。3) drama: n. something unusual or exciting that happens 戏剧性；戏剧性事件 e.g. a game full of drama 富有戏剧性的比赛 3 The jet airplane changed the world dramatically. 喷气飞机极大地改变了世界。 1) generation: n. all the people of about the same age within a society or within a particular family 一代人；一代 e.g. The younger generation smoke/smokes less than their parents did. 年轻的一代比他们父母这一代人吸烟要少。 2) let alone: used for saying how unlikely a situation is compared with another unlikely thing 更不用说 e.g. I cant ride a bicycle, let alone drive a car. 我连自行车都不会骑，更别说开小汽车了。 Some people never even read a newspaper, let alone a book. 有些人连报纸都不读，更不用说读书了。4 In my parents generation, most people didnt leave their city, let alone their country. 在我父母的那一代，大多数人没有离开过自己居住的城市，更