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宾宾 语语 从从 句句 The Object Clause1.Iknowhim.2.Iknowwhoheis.主语主语谓语谓语宾语宾语（简单句）简单句）主语主语谓语谓语宾宾语语从从句句引导词引导词 从句主语从句主语 从句谓语从句谓语 主主 句句（复合句）（复合句）宾语从句的概念：宾语从句的概念：宾语从句在宾语从句在复合句中复合句中作主句的宾语。作主句的宾语。句子结构：句子结构：主句主句 +引导词（连词）引导词（连词）+宾语从句宾语从句一、引导词（连词）一、引导词（连词）1.当宾语从句是当宾语从句是陈述句时陈述句时（包括（包括肯定句肯定句和和否定否定句句）,连词由连词由that引导引导,因为因为that在从句中不作在从句中不作任何成分，也没有任何具体意思，因此在口语任何成分，也没有任何具体意思，因此在口语或非正式文体中或非正式文体中常省略常省略。1.Hesaid,“YouareyoungerthanI”.2.Hesays,“Tomisagoodstudent”.Hesaid(that)Iwasyoungerthanhim.Hesays(that)Tomisagoodstudent.在在主主句句为为动动词词be加加某某些些形形容容词词（如如sorry,sure,afraid,glad等等）作作表表语语时时，后后面面所所跟的省略跟的省略that的从句也可算是宾语从句。的从句也可算是宾语从句。vImsorry(that)Idontknow.vWeresure(that)ourteamwillwin.vIm afraid(that)he wont pass theexam.注意注意:当句末为当句末为ornot时，引导词只能用时，引导词只能用whether而而不能用不能用if.如如:Idontknowwhetheritisgoingtorainornot.2.当当宾宾语语从从句句是是一一般般疑疑问问句句时时，由由连连词词whether或或if引引导导（口口语语中中常常用用if），if/whether翻翻译译为为：“是否是否”，具有一定的意义，具有一定的意义，不能省略不能省略。1.Shesaid,“Doyouoftencomehereearly?”1.2.“WilltheygotovisittheGreatWall?”heasked.Sheaskedif/whetherIoftencamehereearly.Heaskedif/whethertheywouldgovisittheGreatWall.3.当当宾宾语语从从句句是是特特殊殊疑疑问问句句时时，由由原原特特殊殊疑疑问问词词引引导导，因因为为特特殊殊疑疑问问词词在在从从句句中中担担任任一一定定的的句句子子成成分分，具具有有一一定定的的意意义义，所所以以不可以省略不可以省略。1.Heasked,“Wheredoyoulive?”2.“Howcanwegettothepost-office?”heasked.HeaskedwhereIlived.Heaskedhowtheycouldgettothepost-office.从从句句的的句句式式引导词引导词陈陈述述句句that一般疑问句一般疑问句if(whether)特殊疑问句特殊疑问句特殊疑问词特殊疑问词祈使句祈使句肯定句肯定句to+动词原形动词原形否定句否定句notto+动词原形动词原形Hesaidtome,“Openthedoor,please!”Heasked/toldmetoopenthedoor.二、时态二、时态1.1.如果主句是如果主句是现在的时态现在的时态(包括：包括：一般现在时一般现在时，现在进行时现在进行时,现在完成时）现在完成时）,从句的时态一般保从句的时态一般保 持不变。持不变。hewillaskJimaquestion.Iamagoodfriend.Hesaysheisntfeelingwellnow.hecamebacklastnight.hehasbeenheretwicebefore.2.如如果果主主句句是是过过去去的的时时态态（包包括括一一般般过过去去时时，过过去去进进行行时时），那那么么从从句句的的时时态态一一定定要要一一致。致。vIknewwholivedhere.vIsawshewastalkingwithhermother.vHeaskedwhetherhisfatherwouldcomebacktomorrow.vHesaidthathehadseenit.主句时态主句时态从从句句时时态态连连接接前前连连接接后后一般现在时一般现在时时态保持不变时态保持不变一般过去时一般过去时一般现在时一般现在时一般过去时一般过去时一般过去时一般过去时一般过去时一般过去时一般将来时一般将来时过去将来时过去将来时现在进行时现在进行时过去进行时过去进行时现在完成时现在完成时过去完成时过去完成时注意：注意：当从句是客观真理、定义、公理、当从句是客观真理、定义、公理、定理时，用定理时，用一般现在时一般现在时。1.Theteachersaidthatthesungoes/travelsaroundtheearth.2.Theteachersaidthesunrisesfromtheeastandsetsinthewest.3.Theteachersaidthelighttravels/runsfasterthanthesound.4.TheteachersaidJapanisintheeastofAsia.三、语序三、语序宾语从句的语序用宾语从句的语序用陈述语序陈述语序：主句主句+引导词引导词+主语主语+谓语谓语+其他其他1.陈述句陈述句基本不变基本不变Hesaid,“YouareyoungerthanI”.Hesaid(that)Iwasyoungerthanhim.Hesays(that)Tomisagoodstudent.Hesays,“Tomisagoodstudent.”2.问句问句还原为还原为陈述语序陈述语序1)be动词、情态动词及助动词动词、情态动词及助动词(包括包括have/has)放到从句主语之后放到从句主语之后;2)助动词助动词do/does/did应删去应删去,谓语动词根据谓语动词根据实际情况而变。实际情况而变。1.WhoisJimwaitingfor?Iknow2.CanLilycarrythebasket?Iknow3.WheredidAnnagoyesterday?IknowJimiswaitingfor.Lilycancarrythebasket.Annawentthedaybefore.whowhether/ifwhere1.Whenwillhegotothelibrary?1.Whenwillhegotothelibrary?HisbrotherasksHisbrotheraskswhenwhenhewillgotohewillgotothelibrary.thelibrary.HisbrotherasksHisbrotheraskswhenwhenwillhegotowillhegotothelibrary.thelibrary.2.Whatdoeshewanttobuy?2.Whatdoeshewanttobuy?IdontknowIdontknowwhatwhathewantstohewantstobuy.buy.IdontknowIdontknowwhatwhatdoeshewanttodoeshewanttobuy.buy.3.Whoarewegoingtomeet?3.Whoarewegoingtomeet?CanyoutellmeCanyoutellmewhowhowearegoingtowearegoingtomeet?meet?CanyoutellmeCanyoutellmewhowhoarewegoingtoarewegoingtomeet?meet?4.DoesheknowFrench?4.DoesheknowFrench?WewanttoknowWewanttoknowif/whetherif/whetherheknowsheknowsFrench.French.WewanttoknowWewanttoknowif/whetherif/whetherdoesheknowdoesheknowFrench.French.5.WilltheygotoCanadainsummer?5.WilltheygotoCanadainsummer?TheyrenotsureTheyrenotsureif/whetherif/whethertheywillgototheywillgoto Canadainsummer.Canadainsummer.TheyrenotsureTheyrenotsureif/whetherif/whetherwilltheygotowilltheygoto Canadainsummer.Canadainsummer.1.DidthestudentshaveapicniclastSunday?Doyouknow?2.Mr.Smith have been in China foraboutthreeyears.JimtoldLinTao.Doyouknowif/whetherthestudentshadapicniclastSunday?JimtoldLinTao(that)Mr.SmithhadbeeninChinaforaboutthreeyears.3.WhichbookshouldIreadfirst?Pleasetellme.4.Lighttravelsfasterthansound.Ourteachertoldusinyesterdaysclass.PleasetellmewhichbookIshouldreadfirst.Ourteachertoldus(that)lighttravelsfasterthansoundinyesterdaysclass.1could/would是是委委婉婉语语气气，而而不不是是过过去去式式，因因此此宾宾语语从从句句的的时时态态根根据据实实际际情情况况用用不不同同时态。时态。注意事项vCouldyoupleasetellmewhereweshowourtickets?vCouldyoutelluswhichgatewehavetogoto?vWouldyouliketoknowwhenhewillcomeback?2.如果从句中含有如果从句中含有or或或ornot时，只能时，只能用用whether而不用而不用if.vCouldyoutellmewhetherthatsafasttrainornot?vDoyouknowwhetherheisrightornot?vIdontcarewhetherhellstayhereornot.主句主句主句主句从句从句从句从句一般将来时态一般将来时态一般将来时态一般将来时态 一般现在时态一般现在时态一般现在时态一般现在时态祈使句祈使句祈使句祈使句含有情态动词含有情态动词含有情态动词含有情态动词1).Doyouknowif_backnextweek?Ifhe_1).Doyouknowif_backnextweek?Ifhe_back,pleaseletmeknow.back,pleaseletmeknow.A.hecomes,willcomeB.willhecome,comesA.hecomes,willcomeB.willhecome,comesC.hewillcome,comesD.hewillcome,willcomeC.hewillcome,comesD.hewillcome,willcome3.连词连词if和和when在不同从句中的区别：在不同从句中的区别：C2).Idontknowwhenhe_(come).Icantwaithereanymore.Whenhe_(come),wouldyoupleaseaskhimtocallme?willcomecomesif如果如果,假如假如when当当时时if是否是否when何时何时不影响句子时态不影响句子时态4.4.连词连词+宾语从句宾语从句 连词连词+to do+to dovIdontknowwhatIshalldonext.Idontknowwhattodonext.vShedidntdecidewhichoneshewouldchoose.Shedidntdecidewhichonetochoose.vPleasetellmewhomyoullgivetheletterto.Pleasetellmewhomtogivetheletterto.1.1.Theyoungmanasked_itssummerorwinter.Theyoungmanasked_itssummerorwinter.A.eitherB.thatC.weatherD.whetherA.eitherB.thatC.weatherD.whether2.2.Wedontknow_theydidit.Wedontknow_theydidit.A.howB.whoC.whatD.whichA.howB.whoC.whatD.which3.3.TheThe teacherteacherasksasks usus _ JimJim cancan comecome backback onontime.time.A.thatB.ifC.whenD.whattimeA.thatB.ifC.whenD.whattime 4.4.DoesDoesanybodyanybodyknowknow_wewewillwillhavehavea asportssportsmeetingthisweekendornot.meetingthisweekendornot.A.ifB.whereC.whetherD.thatA.ifB.whereC.whetherD.that DABC5.Iwonder_heiscryingnow.5.Iwonder_heiscryingnow.A.thatB.whyC.howD.whenA.thatB.whyC.howD.when6.Haveyoufoundout_wecandoonHainan6.Haveyoufoundout_wecandoonHainanIsland?Island?A.whatB.howC.ifD.whetherA.whatB.howC.ifD.whether7.Lilysaid_shehadfinishedhercomposition.7.Lilysaid_shehadfinishedhercomposition.A.ifB.thatC.whenD.whereA.ifB.thatC.whenD.where8.Idontknow_hestillliveshere.8.Idontknow_hestillliveshere.A.whereB.whatC.whenD.whetherA.whereB.whatC.whenD.whetherBABD1.Couldyoushowme_?1.Couldyoushowme_?A.howcanIgettothestationA.howcanIgettothestationB.whereisthestationB.whereisthestationC.howIcouldgettothestationC.howIcouldgettothestationD.howIcanreachthestationD.howIcanreachthestation2.Pleasetellme_.2.Pleasetellme_.A.whatdoeshelikeB.whathedoeslikeA.whatdoeshelikeB.whathedoeslikeC.whathelikesD.whathelikeC.whathelikesD.whathelike3.Mysistertoldhim_.3.Mysistertoldhim_.A.whatdaywasitB.whenthetrainarrivedA.whatdaywasitB.whenthetrainarrivedC.whoshewaswaitingD.wheredidyouliveC.whoshewaswaitingD.wheredidyouliveCBD4.Couldyoutellmewherewe_nextweek.4.Couldyoutellmewherewe_nextweek.A.wouldgoB.togoA.wouldgoB.togoC.hadtogoD.willgoC.hadtogoD.willgo5.Couldyoutellmehowmuch_toflyto5.Couldyoutellmehowmuch_toflytoHainan?Hainan?A.doitcostB.doesitcostA.doitcostB.doesitcostC.itcostD.itcostsC.itcostD.itcosts6.Thesmallchildrendontknow_.6.Thesmallchildrendontknow_.A.whatistheirstockingsinA.whatistheirstockingsinB.whatisintheirstockingsB.whatisintheirstockingsC.whereistheirstockingsinC.whereistheirstockingsinD.whatintheirstockingsD.whatintheirstockingsDBD7.Someoneisringingthedoorbell.Goandsee_.7.Someoneisringingthedoorbell.Goandsee_.A.whoisheB.whoheisA.whoisheB.whoheisC.whoisitD.whoitisC.whoisitD.whoitis8.Couldyoutellmehowlong_?8.Couldyoutellmehowlong_?A.youhaveboughtthewatchA.youhaveboughtthewatchB.youhavekeptthissciencebookB.youhavekeptthissciencebookC.haveyoubeenawayfromChinaC.haveyoubeenawayfromChinaD.haveyoubeenamemberofGreenerChinaD.haveyoubeenamemberofGreenerChina9.Hesaysthatifit_tomorrow,he_fishing.9.Hesaysthatifit_tomorrow,he_fishing.A.willrain,wontgoB.rained,wasntgoA.willrain,wontgoB.rained,wasntgoC.rains,wontgoD.rain,willgoC.rains,wontgoD.rain,willgoBCD1.Couldyoutellmeifthey_(work)inthefactorysofar.2.Didyourparentstellyouthatthesun_(rise)ineast?3.-What_he_(say)justnow?I_(notcanhear)him.-He_(say)thathe_(plant)treeswithhisparentsyesterday.4.Canyoutellmewhen_(leave)tomorrow?haveworkedrisesdidsaycouldnthearsaidplantedtoleave5.Didhesaythattheirparents_(come)heretomorrow.6.Hetoldmetwoweeks_(be)enough.7.Theteachertoldusthatthesun_(be)biggerthanthemoon.8.IthinkI_(tell)youwhat_(do)next.Dontjuststayhere!todowilltell/havetoldiswaswouldcome9.A:Whatareyoustandingherefor?B:ImwaitingheretoaskMr.Johnsonifhe_(give)usatalkonAmericanhistory.Ifhe_(have)notime,IllaskMr.Smithinstead.10.A:DoyouknowwhenMr.Green_(come)toseeusnextmonth?B:Dontworry.I_(tell)youwhenhereally_(come)here.willgivehaswillcomewilltellcomes1.Theradiosaysit_cloudytomorrow.(be)2.Theheadmasterhopeseverything_well.(go)3.Tomsaysthatthey_(play)basketballatsixoclockyesterdayevening.4.Ihearthey_(return)italready.5.Hesaidthatthey_membersofthePartysince1948.(be)6.Heaskedwhatthey_ateightlastnight.(do)7.Theteachertoldhisclassthatlight_fasterthansound.(travel)8.Ithinkyou_abouttherelayracenow.(talk)9.Ididntknowwhomtheletters_from.(be)willbegoeswereplayinghasreturnedhadbeentravelsaretalkingwereweredoing10.Ididntknowwhattimehe_theletter.(write)11.MissWangtoldmethattheearth_(move)roundtheearth.12.Couldyoutellmewho_awaythebookalready?(take)13.LingFengtoldmehe_toseveraltimes.(be)14.Ourteachertoldusinclassthesun_intheeast.(rise)15.Canyoutellmewhatthey_yesterday?(do)wrotemoveshastakenhasbeenrisesdid将将下列句子合并为一句下列句子合并为一句:1.Wheredotheystopontheway?Iasked.2.Whatwillyouspeakatthemeeting?Couldyoutellme?3.Dotheyliketomakefriendswithus?Heasked.4.“Iamdoingmyhomework.”Hesaid.5.“Iwillcomeback.”Tomsaid.6.“Ishedoinghishomework?”Jimasked.Iaskedwheretheystoppedontheway.Couldyoutellmewhatyouwillspeakatthemeeting?Heaskediftheylikedtomakefriendswiththem.Hesaidthathewasdoinghishomework.Tomsaidthathewouldcomeback.Jimaskedifhewasdoinghishomework.7.“Whenwillhecomeback?”Tomasked.8.“HowcanIgettothestation?”Couldyoutellme?9.“Whyisthetrainlate?”Wouldyoutellme?10.“WhereisTom?”Theyasked.Tomaskedwhenhewouldcomeback.CouldyoutellmehowIcangettothestation?Wouldyoutellmewhythetrainislate?TheyaskedwhereTomwas.1.把下列句子改为宾语从句把下列句子改为宾语从句.1.shesays,Shellseeafilm.Shesays_she_afilm.2.DidPetercomehereyesterday?LiLeiwantstoknow.LiLeiwantstoknow_Peter_hereyesterday.3.Wheredoesshelive?Mr.Huasked.Mr.Huasked_4.Shesaid,Openthewindows.Shesaid_thewindows.thatseeifcamewhereshelivedtoopenwill5.Theteachertoldus,Dontplayonthestreet.Theteachertoldus_onthestreet.6.Ourgeographyteachertoldus,Theearthgoesaroundthesun.Ourgeographyteachertoldus_theearth_aroundthesun.not_toplaythatgoes goodbye goodbye
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