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增加修饰成分 在基本句型中我们还可以增加各类修饰语来对简单句加以扩展。修饰语包括定语、状语和同位语，可以分别由名词和名词短语、形容词和形容词短语、副词和副词短语来担任，也可以由介词短语和非谓语动词短语来担任。例如下列例句中的画线部分均为添加的修饰语：He sells socks.(主谓宾基本句型) He sells womens socks.He sells old womens socks.基 本 句 型 的 扩 展 (2) He sells old womens socks made in China.He sells the best old womens socks made in China every evening in the market.要特别注意修饰语的位置，决不要套用汉语的语序。短语作为修饰语，通常放在被修饰的词之后。例如：I am a student. 我是一名学生。I am a student of Senior Three. 我是一名高三学生。 Ill give you some advice. 我会给你一些建议。Ill give you some advice on how to learn English well. 我会给你一些学好英语的建议。 下列句子只给出了主干句型，请依据所给的中文和括弧里的提示扩展下列句子。(一空一词) 1.患难见真情。 (用介词短语和副词) A friend _ _ is a friend_. 2.在开学典礼上，校长作了一个简短但却鼓舞人心的讲话。(用介词短语和形容词) _ _ _ _ _, the headmaster made a _ _ _ speech. in need indeedAt the school opening ceremonyshort but inspiring即 学 即 用 3. 为了养活全家，父亲每天工作十小时以上。(用不定式短语) _ _ _ _, Dad worked over ten hours every day. 4. 他很害羞，在学校交朋友有些困难。(用-ing短语) He is shy and has trouble _ _ at school.To support the familymaking friends 5. 多年前，有位老木匠住在这个小屋里。(用时间状语和-ing短语) _ _ _, there was an old carpenter _ in this cottage.Many years ago living 6. 中山大学音乐系的学生星期五下午要给我们演出。(用介词短语) The students of music _ _ _will give us a performance _ _ _. 7. 委员会的主席史密斯先生出席了昨天的新闻发布会。(用名词短语作同位语) Mr. Smith, _ _ _ _, was present at the press conference yesterday.from Zhongshan/Sun Yat-University onFriday afternoonChairman of the Committee 8. 重建破碎的友谊可能很难，但不管怎样你应该试一下。(用-ed分词和副词) Rebuilding a _friendship can be difficult, but _you should try. 9. 由于被同学们取笑，他在学校一点也不开心。(用-ed分词短语) _ _ _ _ _, he is not happy at all at school.brokenanyway/anyhow Laughed at by his classmates 10. 我下周要去纽约参加一个国际会议。(用不定式短语) Next week, I am leaving for New York _ _ _ _ _. 11. Finally they successfully reached the top of Mount Kinabalu，_ _ (东南亚最高峰之一).(同位语) toattend an international conference one of the highest mountains in the Southeast Asia 12.Drinking a cup of coffee in the morning， _(他多年来保持的一个习惯)，makes him full of energy every day.(同位语) 13.I am fond of reading the articles _ _(勇于表达与众不同的观点的).(非谓语动词)a habit that he has kept for yearsexpressing different opinions bravely 14.Many people like the furniture _(由 Peter 设计的)not only fashionable，but also cheap.(非谓语动词) 15. These young people are planning to set up a completely new website_ _(介绍世界各地的奇怪但是有趣的事情).(非谓语动词) designed by Peter introducing strange but interesting things from all over the world 16. In his spare time he likes lying in the big sofa in the living room, _ _(要么看书，要么看电视，要么睡觉).(非谓语动词) 17.Hemingway always took time out for outdoor fishing trips，_ _(还把这些旅行写在他的作品里).(定语从句) reading books, watching TVor sleeping which he wrote about in his works 18. Jenny, _ _ (最近迷上了观鸟)，told us her new hobby had taught her a lot of things including patience and respect for the nature. (定语从句) who fell into love withbirdwatching recently 名 师指 津
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