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Unit 3 The Million Pound Bank Note GrammarNoun clauses as the object and predicative 名词性从句 宾语从句 表语从句 名词性从句相当于名词，可分别作主句的主语、表语、宾语和同位语。因此，名词性从句可分为主语从句、表语从句 、宾语从句和同位语从句。1、宾语从句宾语从句在复合句中起宾语作用，可以作动词的宾语，也可以作介词的宾语。引导宾语从句词有连词that，if，whether；连接代词who，whose，what，which；连接副词when，where，how， why等。 The Object Clausee.g. 1) I think (that) women can reach very high achievements in many fields of science.2) I wonder whether/if she remembered how many babies she had delivered.3) Do you know who/whom Jack was speaking to?4) H e asked whose car it was.5) Pay attention to what the doctor said.6) Please tell me when the earthquake took place.7) Will you tell me how I can keep fit and healthy? The Object Clause做动词的宾语 (1)大部分宾语从句直接跟在动词后： e.g. H e doesnt know where the post office is. (2)有些宾语从句前要有间接宾语： e.g. H e told me what I should read (3)如果宾语从句后面有宾语补足语，要使用形式宾语 it 而将从句放到补足语后面； e.g. I thought it strange that he failed to call me 我觉得奇怪：他没给我打电话。(4)在think, believe, suppose, expect等动词之后的宾语从句中，如果从句谓语是否定含义，则不用否定形式,而将主句谓语动词think等变为否定形式; e.g. I dont think you are right 我想你是不对的。 (5) 在think，believe，imagine，suppose，guess，hope等动词以及 Im afraid 等后，可用so代替一个肯定的宾语从句，还可用not代替一个否定的宾语从句：e.g. 一Do you believe it will clear up?你认为天气会转晴吗? 一I believe so. 我认为会这样。 I dont believe so.(或I believe not.) 我认为不会这样。 (1)一般情况下，宾语从句直接跟在谓语后;e.g. Did she say anything about how we should do the work?(2) that引导的宾语从句只有在except, in, but, besides等少数介词后偶尔可能用到; e.g. Your article is all right except that it is too long (3)有时在介词和其宾语从句的中间加形式宾语 it; e.g. Ill see to it that everything is ready 做介词的宾语 what, which, who, whom, whose引导的表语从句 连接代词what,which,who,whom,whose除在句子中起连接作用外，还可在从句中从当主语、表语、定语，且各有各的词义。e.g. Tom is no longer what he used to be. The question is which of us should come first. The problem is who is really fit for the hard job. The important thing is whose name should be put on the top of the list. The Predicative Clause1. that 引导的表语从句 that 仅起连接作用，无意义，在句中不作任何成分，通常不可省略。这种从句往往是对主句主语的内容起进一步解释的作用。e.g. The chance is that one smoker in four will die from smoking.2. whether 引导的表语从句 连接词whether起连接作用， 意为“是否、究竟、到底”（注意：if不能引导表语从句) 在句中也不作任何成分。e.g. The question is whether what man will turn up in time.2. 表语从句在从句中作表语的从句称作表语从句。 3. where, when, why, how引导的表语从句 连接副词where, when, why, how除在句中起连接作用外，在从句中还充当时间、地点、方式、原因状语，本身具有词义。e.g. Thats where I cant agree with you. This is why Sara was late for the meeting. This is how they overcome the difficulties. My strongest memory is when I attended an American wedding. 4. 其他连词as if, because, as, as though 引导的表语从句 because引导表语从句通常只用于“This/That/It is because”结构中。 as if/though引导的表语从句常置于连系动词look, seem, sound, be, become等后面，常用虚拟语气，表示不存在的动作或状态。e.g. It sounds as if/though somebody was knocking at the door. My anger is because you havent written to me for a long time. 1.G o and get your coat.Its_you left it. A.there B.where C.there were D.where there 2.The problem is_ he has enough time. A.if B.whether C./ D.that 3.H e made a promise_ he would help me. A.what B.when C.that D.which 4.I remember_ this used to be a quiet village. A.how B.when C.where D.what 5.It is generally considered unwise to give a child_ he or she wants. A.however B.whatever C.whichever D.whereverBB CBBPractice choosing ( 10m ) 练 习1.-Are you still thinking about yesterdays game? -Oh, thats_ . A. what makes me feel excitedB. whatever I feel excited about C. how I feel about it D. when I feel excited A解析： 这是由what 引导的一个表语从句，在从句中充当主语，这句话的意思为：那是使我感到兴奋的事。故答案为A。 2.-I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week. -Is that_ you had a few days off?A.why B.when C.what D.where 解析:这是一个由why引导的表语从句,表示原因.这句话的意思是这就是你离开的原因吗?。故答案为A。A 3.Perseverance is a kind of quality and thats _ it takes to do anything well. A. what B. that C. which D. why 解析:what在表语从句中作takes的宾语,构成It takes sth. to do sth.的句型。答案为A。A 4.When you answer questions in a job interview, please remember the golden rule: Always give the monkey exactly_ he wants . A.what B.which C.when D.that 解析:这是一个宾语从句,wants后面缺少宾语,Always give the monkey exactly what he wants是一句谚语,意思是永远给予他人他确实想要的东西。故答案为A。A Assignment Recite the key sentences on the grammar-noun clauses as the object and predicative.
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