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非谓语动词是动词的形式，在句中起名词、形容词或副词的作用。不能作谓语，没有人称和数的变化。分为动词不定式、动名词和分词三种。 考点一 动词不定式 动词不定式 (1)构成：肯定式：to动词原形； 否定式：not to动词原形(2)用法：常在句中作主语、表语、宾语、宾补、目的状语和定语等。作主语。如：To learn English well is very important.Its very important to learn English well.作表语。如：My dream is to be a reporter. 作宾语。如：I want to be an actor. I find it interesting to play basketball. 动词不定式作宾补。如：The teacher asked us to finish the homework in time. 作目的状语。如：He went there to see his uncle.作定语。如：Would you like something to drink? 动词不定式 (3)常考词组和句型：后面常用动词不定式作宾语的词有：would like to do sth.(乐意做某事) want to do sth.(想要做某事) decide to do sth.(决定做某事)plan to do sth.(计划做某事) begin/start to do sth.(开始做某事) try to do sth.(设法做某事)pretend to do sth.(假装做某事) hope to do sth.(希望做某事) agree to do sth.(同意做某事)learn to do sth.(学会做某事) need to do sth.(需要做某事) promise to do sth. (答应做某事)refuse to do sth.(拒绝做某事) used to do sth.(过去常做某事) afford to do sth.(负担得起做某事) 动词不定式后面常用动词不定式作宾补的词有：ask sb. to do sth.(叫某人做某事) tell sb. to do sth.(告诉某人做某事)allow sb.to do sth.(允许某人做某事) wish sb. to do sth.(希望某人做某事)want sb. to do sth.(想要某人做某事) advise sb. to do sth.(建议某人做某事)invite sb. to do sth.(邀请某人做某事) expect sb. to do sth.(期待某人做某事)encourage sb. to do sth.(鼓励某人做某事) teach sb. to do sth.(教某人做某事) 动词不定式it代替动词不定式作形式主语或形式宾语。例如：Its useful to learn a foreign language.(it代替动词不定式作形式主语)He found it difficult to finish the work by himself.(it代替动词不定式 做形式宾语)注意：Its important for us to study English well. 学好英语对我们来说是重要的。(用介词“for”，表示动词不定式与形容词有主谓关系)Its clever of him to work out the problem. 他太聪明了，算出了这 道难题。(用介词“of”，表示of后面的名词或代词与形容词有主谓关系) 动词不定式特殊疑问词(what, when, which, where, who, how)to do(why 除外)。例如：I dont know when to go/where to go/which to buy.She didnt tell me what to do/how to do it. 动词不定式 (4)几个固定不定式的词组，常放在句首，作独立成分。to ones surprise 使某人惊奇的是to begin with 首先to be honest 老实说to tell the truth 说实话 考点二 省略to 的动词不定式 省to 的不定式 (1)使役动词和感官动词后接动词不定式作宾补时，主动语态时不定式省“to”， 被动语态时要补“to”。 常考句型和词组：省to 的不定式 make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事see sb. do/doing sth. 看见某人/做了/正在做某事let sb. do sth. 让某人做某事watch do/doing sth.观看某人做了/正在做某事have sb. do sth. 请某人做某事find sb. do/doing sth. 发现某人做了/正在做某事had better (not) do sth. 最好(不)做某事hear sb. do/doing sth. 听见某人做了/正在做某事prefer to do rather than do sth. 宁愿做而不愿would rather do sth. than do sth. 宁愿做而不愿Why dont you do？Why not do sth.? 为什么不做？Would/Could you please (not) do sth.？请你(不)好吗？ 互动一例题一例题二BA()1. What happens when you hear a strange noise at night, or find a big spider in the corner of your bedroom? It often makes us _ Ajump Bto jump Cjumping Djumped()2. My parents didnt allow me _ to the party. Ago Bto go Cgoes Dwent 考点三 动名词(动词ing形式) (1)结构： doing(2)用法： 常在句中作主语、宾语、表语、宾补、伴随状语和定语等。作主语。如：Doing sports is good for our health.作宾语。如：I have finished reading the book.作宾补。如：I found him playing basketball on the playground just now.动名词 后面常跟动名词作宾语的词有：hear/find/see/watch/notice sb. doing sth.听见/发现/看见/观看/注意到某人正在做某事作伴随状语。如：The little boy sat under the tree alone, reading a story book.作定语。如：My father is watching TV in the living room.作表语。如：My hobby is playing football.动名词 (3)常考词组和句型：动名词 enjoy/like doing sth.(喜欢做某事) feel like doing sth.(想要做某事)keep doing sth.(保持做某事) hate doing sth.(讨厌做某事)mind doing sth.(介意做某事) spend time doing sth.(花时间做某事)finish doing sth.(完成做某事) practise doing sth.(练习做某事)consider doing sth.(考虑做某事) cant help doing sth.(禁不住做某事) (3)常考词组和句型：动名词 be busy doing sth.(忙于做某事) be worth doing sth.(值得做某事)have fun doing sth.(玩得开心) have problems/trouble doing sth.(做某事有困难)be/get used to doing sth.习惯于做某事prefer doing to doing 宁愿做而不愿attention to doing sth.注意做某事look forward to doing sth. 盼望着做某事make a contribution to doing 为做贡献help oneself to sth. 请自便 非谓语动词易混词组辨析动名词 stop to do sth. 停下来做另一件事stop doing sth. 停止做某事remember to do sth. 记得将做某事remember doing sth. 记得做了某事forget to do sth. 忘记将做某事forget doing sth. 忘记做了某事go on doing sth. 继续做同一件事go on to do sth. 接着做另一件事have sb. do sth. 请人做某事have sth. done 请人做某事 互动一例题一例题二AB()1. So far the exchange program has brought many foreigners to China _Chinese. Astudy Bto study CStudying Dstudied()2. We stopped _， but there was not any sound. Ato listen Blistens Clisten Dlistening
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