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义务教育教科书（人教）八年级英语下册Section A(1a-2d) Yard sale庭院旧货出售这是国外的一种风俗，也是一种独特的售货方式。人们利用周末，将家中搁置不用的物件，放在自家庭院中廉价出售，因而被称作yard sale，也可译作“家庭拍卖会”。庭院售卖的物品种类繁多，大到家具，电器，小到玩具，衣物和鞋帽。这些物品虽多数为二手家什，但也有全新的物品，且价格合理公道，甚至还可讨价还价。正是这种低廉，公道的价格及买家淘宝和碰大运的心理，使得yard sale广受欢迎，逐渐演变成一种独特的文化现象。 toy bear 玩具熊bread maker面包机scarf n. 围巾复数为：scarves soft toys 毛绒玩具board games 棋类游戏 1a Look at the things at the yard sale. Do you have any of these things at home? How long have you had them? toy tiger toy lion toy bearDo you have them at home?How long have you had the ?I have had for years./since years ago.for+时间段；since+过去的时间点，是现在完成时的标志词。 lamp old books cupHow long have you had the ?I have had for years./since years ago. magazine cap vaseHow long have you had the ?I have had for years./since years ago. sweater dress scarfHow long have you had the ?I have had for years./since years ago. _ Jeffs family is having a yard sale._ Amy thinks its hard to sell her old things._ Jeff has had his bike for more than 10 years._ Amy wants to keep her old things because they bring back sweet memories._ You can also give old things away to people in need. A: This is a really old book.B: Yes, Ive had it for seven years. Ive read it three times.A: Why are you selling it?B: Because I dont read it anymore.A: How much is it?B: You can have it for 75 cents. anymore也可写作any more, 常用于否定句末尾, 表示“再也(不); (不)再”。相当于not any longer。e.g. You can have it, for I dont need it anymore. The doctor told me not to play computer games anymore. book magazine toy bear toy lion toy tiger bread maker sweater dress hat scarf 1. Amy has had her favorite _ for three years.2. Amy has had the boy _ since she was a _.3. Amys mom has had the old bread for more than _ years. 4. Amy can give away the _ and _ because they do not fit her anymore. bookbearbaby 10 sweaterdress A: Amy, can we give away these soft toys?B: Mom, I want to keep the bear.A: Why? Its so old.B: Because Ive had it since I was a baby. 2d Role-play the conversation. how long, how soon, how often, how farHow long 多久, 多长(时间)。对时间段提问, 如: for+时间段；since+过去的时间点。e.g. -How long have you worked in Beijing? -For five years.1. - How long have you had that bike there? - I have had it for three years. How soon多久以后。对“in+时间段提问, 常用于一般将来时”, 其答语常用“in+时间段”。e.g. -How soon will Mr. Li be back? -In a week. How often 多久一次, 对频率提问, 其答语为: once (twice/)+时间段, always, usually 等。e.g. -How often do you exercise? -O nce a day. How far 多远，对距离提问，其答语是表距离的内容。e.g. -How far is it from here to your school? -Three kilometers. for其后只能接表示“一段时间”的名词性短语，可用于多种时态，表示动作或状态持续时间段长短。e.g. I have lived in this city for five years. 我在这座城市居住了5年了。 He usually sleeps for twelve hours every day. 他通常每天睡12个小时。 since其后接表示“时间点”的短语或从句（过去时），也可以接“一段时间+ago”，常用于完成时态；还用于句型：“It is +时间段+since+一般过去时的句子”, 表示过去某个时间发生并持续到说话时的动作或状态。e.g. It is two years since I came to China. 自从我到中国以来已经两年了。 She has worked here for five years.=She has worked here since five years ago. 她在这儿工作5年了。 sale用作名词，意为“出售，销售”。on sale意为“出售，上市”；for sale意为“待售，供出售”，尤指从主人手里出售。e.g. Chickens are on sale in the market. 小鸡在市场上出售。 Im sorry, its not for sale. 抱歉，它不出售。2. Jeffs family is having a yard sale. Its +adj. (+for sb.) to do sth.意为“（对某人来说）做某事是的”，it 是形式主语，真正主语是后面的动词不定式。e.g. Its important for us to learn English well. 学好英语对于我们来说是很重要的。3. Amy thinks its hard to sell her old things. 艾米认为卖掉她的旧东西很难。 4. Amy wants to keep her old things because they bring back sweet memories.艾米想保留她的旧东西，因为它们勾起她的甜蜜回忆。memory 作名词意为“记忆；回忆”，复数形式为memories，动词为memorize，意为“记忆，背诵”。 e.g. She has a good memory. 她记忆力好。 5. Ive had this magazine for a couple of months. 这本杂志我买了几个月了。a couple of 表示具体的数量“两个”，指两个相同的人或物体; 表示数量不定的“少数几个”，作这种虚指的用法时，具体意思往往视上下文和具体的语境而决定。e.g. You have to wait for a couple of hours for the clothes to dry completely. 你得等上一两个小时让这些衣服完全晾干。 a bit 意为“一点儿, 稍微”, 修饰形容词或副词, 相当于a little; a bit of +不可数名词, a little直接加不可数名词。e.g. There is a bit of/a little water in the bottle. 瓶子里有点儿水。6. The stories inside may be a bit old, but theyre still interesting. not a bit =not at all 意为“一点也不”not a little =very 意为“非常”e.g. She is not a bit happy. 她一点儿也不快乐。 He is not a little tired. =He is very tired. 他非常累。 check 用作及物动词, 意为“检查, 审查”; check out 意为“察看，观察”。e.g. If you finish it, check it by yourself first. 如果你完成了，就自己先检查一下。 Check out all the books for children. 察看一下所有的儿童书籍。check还可用作名词，意为“支票, 账单”。7. And check out these soft toys and board games for younger kids. 1. - _ have you been married? - For twenty years. A. How far B. How often C. How long D. How soon2. If you sit in a chair _ a long time, your back may begin to hurt. A. at B. in C. on D. for C D 3. - I often have hamburgers for lunch. - Youd better not. Its bad for you _ too much junk food. A. eat B. to eat C. eating D. ate B Write a conversation according to 2c. Each man is the architect of his own fate.每个人都是自己命运的建筑师
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