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题型二 单项填空 考纲解读 单项填空是安徽中考英语的测试重点之一。它知识容量大,覆盖面广。单项填空包括语法测试、词汇测试、常识测试和惯用法测试等,几乎可以包含初中阶段所学的全部内容。 从近几年的中考试题可以看出,单项填空测试由原来的语法型测试逐渐转向以测试学生们的交际能力、语言应变能力、词语运用能力等为主的能力型测试。其变化主要有:1.单项填空的题量由20个减为1 5个,但单项填空依然是测试重点之一。 2.单项填空题加强了对情景交际的考查,注重日常交际用语的表达。3.单项填空题一般常从词汇、语法、固定短语,特定句式等方面进行考查。4一些题型加强了与相关学科的联系,具有浓郁的时代特色,加强了综合能力和创造能力的考查。5.要求加强解题技巧的训练,这样做有助于提高单项填空题的正确率。 考情回顾 安徽中考单项填空的考点分布比较全面,考点丰富,且较稳定,有词汇辨析类、语境类和语法类等题型。必考点为情景交际、时态与语态、形容词、副词、连词、代词和介词。 中考解题技巧 一、固定搭配法 英语句子中词语和词语之间有一定的“固定搭配”,主要包括介词短语、动词短语、名词短语、冠词在固定搭配中的用法等。Jim is_ school. His father is _ work.A. on ; at B. at ; at C. at ; on D. on ; on解析:本题考查固定搭配。at school 意为“在学校里”,at work 意为“在上班”,都是固定搭配。B 二、语境分析法 在处理知识和能力关系时,命题者很注意在尽可能真实与自然的语境中考查知识的掌握与运用情况,因而词语辨析、时态选择和某些语法知识常置于一定的语境中。-When _ you _ your old friend?-The day before yesterday.A. will; visit B. did; visit C. have; visited D. are; visited解析:本题考查时态。根据答语“前天”可知问句应用一般过去时。B 三、逐个排除法 学生可根据题干的特定信息,句子结构和语法进行有理有据地合理推测,排除错误选项,从而找出正确的答案 The teacher wanted to have a word with Tom, but she had _ to tell him. A. important something B. nothing important C. important anything D. something important解析:本题考查不定代词的用法。形容词作定语修饰不定代词时,形容词需后置,作后置定语,故排除A、C两项;nothing“没有什么”,something“某事;某物”。B 四、前后照应法 答题前首先弄清楚题干的真正意思,然后联系上下文,捕捉暗示的信息,判断出正确答案。如: My brother is a _ boy. He always does little work the whole day.解析:考查形容词辨析。单看第一句,从语法上讲,A、B、C、D四个选项都没问题。但根据后句“他总是整体无所事事”可知,他是一个懒惰的男孩。D 五、比较辨析法 命题者常把语法结构相似的句型或易混词汇、短语放在同一语境中,用来考查学生对基础知识掌握的牢固程度和辨析能力。这就要求学生找出要考查的知识要点,并加以比较和辨析,认清它们之间的区别,从而找出正确答案。 It me two hours to do my homework last night. A. spent B.took C.paid D. used解析:It take sb. +时间 + to do something.意为“做某事花费了某人多少时间”。spend 和pay都必须是人作主语,use sth. to do sth. 意为用某东西去做某事。B 六、常识应用法 根据平时我们掌握的政治、历史、地理、天文、数理化、生活、风俗等方面的知识去推理判断,从而得出答案的方法叫常识运用法。如: People usually eat mooncakes on . A. Teachers Day B. Mothers Day C. May Day D. Mid-Autumn Day解析:本题考查我们的生活常识。人们通常在中秋节才 吃月饼。 D 题型专项训练 1. Last night, the shop was closed she didnt buy any chocolate. A. so B. if C. or D. when2. The water dark and dirty. Its no longer safe to drink.A. became B. has become 、C. will become D. was becoming3. I plan to build an unusual house. It out of old things.A. is built B. has built C. was built D. will be builtAB D 4. May I speak to Mrs Black? Sorry, mum cant come to the phone now. She a shower. A. has B. had C. is having D. was having5. You take me to the station. My brothers taking me.A. cant B. mustnt C. shouldnt D. dont have to6. He won in the story competition and his parents were very .A. smart B. proud C. sorry D. upsetCDB
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