分析水泥砂浆真空灌浆加固机理

分析水泥砂浆真空灌浆加固机理随着近年来我国现有的水泥混凝土路面有相当一部分已接近或超过设计年限,水泥混凝土路面最严重的病害路面板的断板直至破碎,而这种情况往往是由于板下脱空所引起的。对此板下灌浆技术是很有效的解决办法,它通过对水泥混凝土路面板下灌注水泥浆液、水泥粉煤灰浆液、水泥砂浆,充实板底脱空空隙,达到稳定水泥混凝土板块的目的,改善路面通车状况的方法。水泥混凝土路面在我国已有多年的使用历史,是我国公路路面主要形式之一，在我国公路网构成中占有较大比重。它具有强度高、刚度大、受温度影响小、使用寿命长等优点。但水泥混凝土路面接缝较多，对超载较为敏感，易发生脱空、唧泥、裂缝等先期病害，从而导致路面的破损。如何治理与预防脱空、唧泥等病害，搞好水泥混凝土路面的养护，延长公路的使用寿命，改善其通行能力，具有十分重要的意义。As the existing cement concrete pavement in our country in recent years there are quite a number of close to or exceed the design period, road slab of cement concrete pavement is the most serious disease so until broken, and this kind of situation is often caused by concrete pavement under plate. Under this plate grouting technology is a very effective solution, it through to the cement concrete pavement plate under perfusion cement, fly ash cement slurry and cement mortar, enrich the bottom concrete pavement void, achieve the purpose of stable cement concrete plates, way to improve road traffic conditions. The use of cement concrete pavement in our country for many years of history, is one of highway pavement main form in our country, occupies a larger proportion of the constituents of the highway network in our country. It has high strength, stiffness, less affected by temperature and long service life, etc. But the cement concrete pavement joint is more, the overload is relatively sensitive, prone to pavement, pumping mud, cracks, such as advanced disease, resulting in the breakage of the pavement. How to treatment and prevention of concrete pavement, pumping mud and other diseases, to improve the quality of cement concrete pavement maintenance, prolong the service life of highway, to improve the traffic capacity, has the very vital significance. 一、灌浆加固机理A, the grouting reinforcement mechanism 灌浆法是指利用液压、气压或电化学原理，通过注浆把浆液均匀地注入地层中，浆液以填充，渗透和挤密等方式，赶走土颗粒间或岩石裂隙中的水分和空气后占据其位置，经一定时间后，浆液将原来松散的土粒或裂隙胶结成一个整体，形成一个结构新、强度高、防水性能好和化学稳定性良好的“结石体。Grouting method is refers to the use of hydraulic, pneumatic or electrochemical principle, through grouting slurry uniformly injected into formation, the slurry to fill, penetration and compaction, get rid of moisture in the soil particles or rock fracture after air and take its position, after a certain time, or fractures cementation slurry will be the original loose soil into a whole, form a new structure, high strength, good waterproof performance and chemical stability, good stone body. 二、真空灌浆技术需要注意的问题Second, the vacuum grouting technology problems need attention 1.真空灌浆技术是后张预应力混凝土结构施工中的一项新技术，在我国应用比较少，缺乏相应的技术依据，同时真空灌浆施工需要有较高水平的质量控制。因此，需要结合现有的海吉布施工材料和设备，摸索能够符合预应力施工质量要求而又切实可行的施工工艺。1. The vacuum grouting technique in construction of post-tensioned prestressed concrete structure, a new technology applied in our country is relatively small, lack of corresponding technical basis, at the same time the vacuum grouting construction requires a higher level of quality control. Therefore, requires a combination of existing construction materials and equipment, will conform to the requirements of the prestress construction quality and the feasible construction technology. 三、真空灌浆技术的基本流程Three, the basic process of vacuum grouting technology 1、浆体配比设计1, the ratio of slurry design 这种高性能水泥浆与普通水泥浆相比，海基布在原材料的配比方面主要差异为低水灰比和多成份，其目的是为了增加水泥浆的密实度，改善水泥浆性能，从而达到高强和耐久的目的。This kind of high performance cement slurry compared with the ordinary cement, in terms of the ratio of raw materials for low water-cement ratio and the main differences between the more ingredients, its purpose is to increase the compactness of cement slurry, cement slurry performance, so as to achieve the purpose of the high strength and durable. 水泥浆试块采用70.770.770.7mm的钢模型，在常温下24h后拆模，进行试验室养护。试验结果表明：水灰比琥小，强度越高，用525#普硅水泥7天强度最大达到78MPa，大大超过所要求的石英壁布强度。改选用425#普硅水泥，7天强度最大达到55MPa以上，因此，选用425#普硅水泥即可达到要求。Cement block using 70.7 x 70.7 x 70.7 mm steel models, at room temperature for 24 h after ripping, to laboratory immediately. Test results show that the water cement ratio Hu is small, the higher strength, use 525 # prachanda silicon cement intensity of 7 days up to 78 mpa, considerably more than the required strength. Re-election in 425 # silicon cement, 7 days strength up to 55 mpa above, therefore, chooses 425 # prachanda silicon cement can meet the requirements. 2、真空灌浆施工工艺2, vacuum grouting construction technology (1) 预应力筋成孔管材(1) prestressed pore forming tube 预应力混凝土构件中有采用直束、弯曲和U型束等的布筋方式，金属波纹管在预应力筋管成孔方面不能满足小半径的弯曲及U型束的布筋要求，故采用新型成孔材料塑料波纹管。与金属波纹管相比，在强度和耐腐蚀方面，有更好的保护作用。Using straight beam of prestressed concrete components, bending and u-shaped beam of distributed way, metal bellows in prestressed pipe into the hole cant meet the small radius bending and the requirements of distributed bars of u-shaped beam, the new pore forming material - plastic corrugated pipe is adopted. Compared with metal bellows, in terms of strength and corrosion resistance, better protection. (2) 施工步骤(2) the construction procedure 首先，准备工作First of all, ready to work 检查确认材料数量，种类是否齐备，品质是否保证；Whether (1) check material quantity, variety complete, quality is guaranteed; 检查机具是否齐备、完好；(2) check the tools whether complete, in good condition; 检查供水、供电是否齐全、方便；3. Check whether the water supply, power supply is complete, convenient; 按配方秤量浆体材料，减水剂首先溶于一部分水，待用；(4) according to the formula weighing slurry material, jianshuiji part first dissolve in water, set aside; 按图所示连接装好各部件。5. According to the figure shown in connection with good parts. 第二，试抽真空：将灌浆阀、排气阀全都关闭，抽真空阀找开；启动真空泵抽真空，观察真空压力表读数，即管内的真空度，当管内的真空度维持在时（压力尽量低为好），停泵约1分钟时间，若压力能保持不变即可认为孔道能达到并维持真空。Second, try to vacuum: the filling valve, exhaust valve closed, the vacuum valve open; Start the vacuum pump vacuum, vacuum pressure gauge reading observation, namely the vacuum tube, when the tube vacuum to maintain in the (low pressure as far as possible is good), stop the pump for 1 minute of time, if the pressure can keep constant can think channel can achieve and maintain a vacuum. （3）搅拌水泥浆(3) mixing the slurry 搅拌水泥浆之前要求，加水空转数分钟，将积水倒净，使搅拌机内壁充分湿润。搅拌好的灰浆要做至基本御尽。(1) mixing slurry before requirements, add water to idle for several minutes, pour water net, the mixer lining fully wet. Mortar mixture basic royal to try to do. 装料：首先将称量好的水（扣除用于溶化减水剂的那部分水）、水泥、膨胀水泥、粉煤灰倒入搅拌机，搅拌2分钟；将溶于水的减水剂倒入搅拌机中，搅拌3分钟出料；水泥浆出料后应尽量马上进行泵送，否则要不停地搅拌；必须严格控制用水量，否则多加的水全部泌出，易造成管道顶端有空隙；对未及时使用而降低了流动性的水泥浆，严禁采用增加水的办法来增加灰浆的流动性。Will weigh a good water (2) charging: first (excluding that part of water) is used to melt water reducing agent, cement, expansive cement and fly ash into the mixer, stir 2 minutes; Will dissolve in water of water reducing agent into the mixer, and stir 3 minutes out of material; Slurry discharge should be carried out immediately after pumping, otherwise should be kept stirring; Must strictly control water, or add water all the secretion, and easy to cause pipeline has a gap at the top; The failure to use and reduces the slurry of liquid, it is forbidden to use increase water ways to increase liquidity in the mortar.