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New Words aha :h: int. used to express surprise or triumph 啊哈（表惊奇或得意） Aha, you cant slip away this time. 哈哈，这回你溜不掉了。 Aha! So this is the boy youve been telling me about. 好呀 !原来你跟我讲了半天的就是这个孩子。 anatomy ntm n. 1 U scientific study of the structure of animal bodies 解剖学 We have to do anatomy next term. 我们下学期得学解剖学了。 2 C the structure of an organization, process, etc. or the way it works 构造 We studied the anatomy of the snake. 我们研究了蛇的解剖结构。 next 词汇扩充： 1 anatomical ntmkl adj. 解剖的； 解剖学的；结构上的 2 anatomically / -kl/ adv. 3 anatomist / ntmst/ n. 解剖学者 bureaucrat bjurukrt n. an official who works by fixed routine without exercising intelligent judgment 官僚 主义者 I suppose my application have been lost by some incompetent bureaucrat. 我估计我的申请书不知道让哪个无能的官僚给弄丢了。 imperialism, feudalism and bureaucrat-capitalism 帝国主义、封建主义、官僚资本主义 bureaucratic bjurukrtk adj. 官僚制度的 ; 官僚的 ; 官僚般的 : bureaucratic government 官僚政府 The report revealed a major bureaucratic muddle. 这个报告揭示了官僚作风引起的严重混乱 . bureaucratically -kl; -kl adv. 官僚地，官僚制度地 cartoon ktun n. 1 amusing drawing in a newspaper or magazine, esp. one that comments satirically on current events （报 刊上的）漫画 ; （尤指）时事讽刺画 . A newspaper cartoon is an amusing drawing, usually about some event in the news. 报纸上的漫画是一种风趣的图画，通常是针对某一件时事 的。 2 a film made by photographing a series of gradually changing drawings, giving an illusion of movement 动画片 ; 卡通片 a Walt Disney cartoon 迪斯尼动画片 . cartoonist k:tu:nist n. person who draws cartoons 漫 画家 . clarification klrfken n. added information to make something easier to understand 澄清 After I read the clause, I feel it needs some clarification. 读过这一条款之后，我觉得这条需要说明 一下。 The whole issue needs clarification. 整个 问题都需要澄清。 next clarify klrfa v. 1 (cause sth to) become clear or easier to understand （使某事物）清楚易懂 ; 澄清 clarify a remark, statement 澄清一项意见 声明 I hope that what I say will clarify the situation. 我 希望我说的话能澄清这一情况。 2 remove impurities from (fats), eg by heating 除去（油脂）中的杂质（如用加热法） clarified butter 已除去杂质的黄油 . clown klan n. a performer in a circus who wears funny clothes and bright make-up, and does silly things in order to make people laugh 小丑 ,丑 角 The clowns performance made people laugh. 小丑的表演把人们逗笑了。 v. act in a foolish or comical way, like a clown 扮小丑 Stop clowning around! 不要再像小丑那样胡闹 了 ! comedian kmi:din n. someone whose job is to tell jokes and make people laugh 喜剧演员 The audience laughed at the comedians wit. 喜剧演员的风趣使观众发笑。 comedy kmidi n.喜剧；喜剧性 (事件 ) cross-talk n. witty, rapid dialogue, eg. between two comedians 相声 Why do you enjoy cross talk so much? 你为什么这么喜欢看相声 ? double entendre dubl ntndr n.（法） a word or phrase that can be understood in two different ways 双关语 entertaining entten adj. amusing and enjoyable, 有趣的，令人愉快的 an entertaining story/film Films should be entertaining. 电影应该是有娱乐性的。 next entertain entten v. 1 sb (to sth) receive sb as a guest; provide food and drink for sb, esp in ones home 宴客 ; 招 待 , 款待某人（尤指在自己家中） I dont entertain very often. 我不常在家请客。 Bob and Liz entertained us to dinner last night. 昨晚鲍勃和利兹设宴招待了我们 . 2 sb (with sth) amuse sb 使某人快乐 Could you entertain the children for an hour, while I make supper? 我做晚饭时 , 你能哄孩子们 玩一个小时吗 ? He entertained us for hours with his stories and jokes. 他给我们讲故事 说笑话 , 让我们高兴了 好几小时 . next entertainer n. person who entertains , esp professionally （娱乐节目的）表演者 ; （尤指） 艺人 : Hes a popular television entertainer. 他是 大众喜爱的电视演员 . entertainment n. 1 U entertaining or being entertained 宴客 ; 招待 ; 款待 ; 娱乐 the entertainment of a group of foreign visitors 宴请一批外宾 a place of entertainment 娱乐场所 2 C thing that entertains; public performance (at a theatre, cinema, circus, etc) 娱乐 ; （在剧场 电影院 马戏团等的）演出 The local entertainments are listed in the newspaper. 报纸上登有本地的娱乐活动。 familiarity fmlrt n. good knowledge of sth （对某事物的）熟悉 , 通 晓 ( with sth) His familiarity with the local languages surprised me. 他对当地各种语言如此精通令我吃惊。 familiar fml(r) adj. 1 with sth having a good knowledge of sth 对某事物熟 悉 ; 通晓 facts with which every schoolboy is familiar 小学 生都熟悉的事实 2 (to sb) well known (to sb); often seen or heard 为 （某人）所熟知的 ; 经常见到或听到的 : the familiar voices of ones friends 朋友的熟悉的声音 . 3 (with sb) friendly and informal 友好的 ; 不拘礼节的 : She greeted them by their first names in a familiar way. 她和他们打招呼时亲切地直呼其名 . Im on familiar terms with my bank manager. 我与银行经 理交情很好 . 4 (with sb) too informal; more friendly and informal than is acceptable 过分亲密的 ; 冒失的 : The children are too familiar with their teacher. 这帮小学 生对老师过于随便 . n. close friend or spirit 密友 ; 摰友 familiarly adv. 亲密地 ; 不拘礼节地 gathering gri n. a group of people meeting together for a particular purpose集会，聚集 attending a gathering 参加一个聚会 grandma grndm: n. grandmother 外 祖母 Whenever Grandma talks, she always likes to go back to her younger days. 祖母只要一谈话，就肯定要谈到她的青年 时代。 humor hju:m n. the ability to be amused by things, the way in which people see that some things are amusing or the quality of being amusing 诙谐，幽默 Unlike his brother, he has a good sense of humor. 和他兄弟不同，他有种幽默感。 humorist hjumrst n. a person who writes or tells amusing stories 幽默家，有幽 默感的人 humourless hjumlis adj. lacking humour 缺乏幽默感的 Hes completely humourless. 他真的无趣 . humorous hjumrs adj. funny, or making you laugh 幽默的 He is eloquent and humorous as well. What he says never fails to please us. 他口才好又幽默，他所说的一定能使我们高兴。 idiot idit n. a very foolish person 白痴， 傻子，笨蛋 Dont treat me as an idiot. 别把我当傻瓜。 irritated iriteitid adj. feeling annoyed and impatient about something 恼怒的 An irritated look crossed her face. 她马上露出不快之色。 irritate rtet v. 1 make (sb) angry, annoyed or impatient 使 （某人）愤怒 烦恼或急躁 It irritates me to have to shout to be heard. 我得大嚷大叫别人才能听见 , 我为此十分不快 . 2 cause discomfort to (a part of the body) 使 （身体某部）不适 ; 刺激 Acid irritates the stomach lining. 酸能刺激胃黏膜 . next irritation rten n. irritating or being irritated 愤怒 ; 烦恼 ; 急躁 ; 刺激 ; 疼痛 ; 发炎 irritant rtnt adj. causing irritation; irritating 有刺激性的 ; 刺激的 : a substance that is irritant to sensitive skins 对敏感 的皮肤有刺激性的物质 . n. (a) substance that irritates, eg pepper in the nose 刺激物（如呛到鼻子里的胡椒 ) (b) (fig 比喻 ) thing that annoys 令人烦恼的事物 : The noise of traffic is a constant irritant to city dwellers. 车辆的噪音对城市居民是永无止境的骚扰 . irritating iriteiti adj. making you feel annoyed 使 愤怒的，气人的 She found his preoccupation with money irritating. 她发觉他心里只有钱，感到很生气。 laughable l:fbl so stupid as to be funny and not worth serious consideration adj. 可笑的，有趣的 It is how laughable to this name of dog! 给狗起这个名字多可笑！ next laughter l:ft n. the act of laughing or sound of people laughing 笑，笑声 There was a burst of laughter in the next room. 隔壁房间里突然爆发出一阵笑声。 The room echoed with their happy laughter. 房间里回荡着他们的欢笑声。 misuse msjuz v. 1 use (sth) in the wrong way or for the wrong purpose 误用 , 滥用（某事物） misuse public funds 滥用公共基金 2 treat (sb/sth) badly 虐待 , 苛待（某人） ; 糟蹋 （某事物） He felt misused by the company. 他觉得受到 公司苛待。 n. wrong or incorrect use 误用 ; 滥用 the misuse of power/authority 滥用权力 / 滥施 权威 . next mis- bad; wrong; not 坏 ; 错 ; 不 ; 没 ; 无 misdirect misunderstand mistrust. mutual mjutul adj. 1 feeling the same emotion, or doing the same thing to or for each other 相互的 , 彼此 的 mutual affection/suspicion 彼此间的爱 /猜疑 mutual aid/assistance, etc 相互的援助 /帮助 2 shared by two or more people （人与人之间） 共同的 , 共有的 , 共享的 our mutual friend Smith 我们两人共同的朋友 史密斯 . mutually -ul; -l adv. The two assertions are mutually exclusive. 这两种说法相互排斥 . prance pr:ns v. walk or move in a spirited manner, dance about 腾跃，欢跃，昂 首阔步 The little girl prances about the room in her new clothes. 小女孩穿著新衣在屋里雀跃。 That cheeky new secretary just pranced up to me and asked if I worked here! 那个冒失的新秘书兴冲冲地蹦跳到我跟前，问我 是否在这里工作。 principal prnspl adj. first in rank or importance; chief; main 级 别最高的 ; 最重要的 ; 为首的 ; 主要的 the principal members of the government 政府 高级官员 The principal aim of the policy is to bring peace to the area. 该政策的主要目的是为给这一 地区带来和平。 n. (title of the) person with the highest authority in an organization, esp in certain schools and colleges 某组织的最高领导人（之 称号） ; （尤指某些学校和学院的）校长 , 院长 the Principal of St James College 圣詹姆斯学 院院长 . pun pn n. humorous use of a word that has two meanings or of different words that sound the same 双关语（利用词的一词多义 现象或同音异义现象产生出的词的诙谐用法） The slogan was a pun on the name of the product. 那广告用语与其产品名称一语双关。 riddle rdl n. 1 puzzling question, statement or description, esp one intended to test the cleverness of those wishing to solve it 谜 ; （尤指）谜语 ask/tell sb a riddle 出个谜语叫某人猜 know the answer to/solve a riddle 知道谜底 2 puzzling person, thing, event, etc 谜一般的 人 东西 事情等 Shes a complete riddle, even to her parents. 她是个很难了解的人 , 连她父母都无法了解她 . the riddle of how the universe originated 宇 宙起源之谜 . riddler ridl n. a person who tells riddles 出谜语的人，解谜的人 selective silektiv adj. 选择的，选择性的 She is selective in the dresses she wears. 她对于自己穿的衣服精挑细选。 selectively slektivli adv. in a selective manner 有选择地 setting seti n. 1 a particular place or type of surroundings where something is located or takes place环 境，背景，布景； an ideal setting for camping 适宜野营的理想环境 2 one of the positions to which the controls of a device such as cooker or heater can be adjusted 调节，设定的位置 Twist the knob to the right setting. 把旋钮拧到适当的定位挡上。 setup setp n. 1 an arrangement necessary for a specific activity or purpose （为某活动或目的所做的） 准备或铺垫 2 the way in which something is organized, planned or arranged (事物的 )结构，体制，机 构 He has an efficient business setup. 他有一个有效的生意机构。 slap-stick n. humorous acting in which the performers pretend to hit or slap one another using a device made of two pieces of wood to make a sound like a loud slap 打闹剧 （因演员用击板相互追打发出声响 而得名） I dont think slap-stick is funny. sparkling sp:kli adj. shining brightly with points of flashing light闪闪发光的，闪烁的 Her sparkling jewellery served as the perfect foil for her fine complexion. 她戴著闪闪生辉的首饰，更显得容貌姣好。 She was really sparkling (with happiness) at the wedding. 在婚礼上她 (幸福得 )容光焕发。 string stri n. 1 a series of similar events that happen one after another 一连串，一系列 A string of accidents happened at that corner. 在那个转角发生了一连串的事故。 2 a thin wire or cord used on a musical instrument or a strong thin cord used for fastening and tying things 线，弦 There are four strings on a violin. 小提琴有四根弦。 3 a number of objects that forms a line 一行， 一串 a string of pearls 一串珍珠 suggestive sdestiv adj. 1 seeming to suggest something sexual or indecent 使人产生邪念的，挑逗的 He gave her a suggestive glance. 他用挑逗的目光看了她一眼。 2 making you think of sth 提示性的 ,启发的 A very suggestive answer was advanced by Gershtain. 盖尔斯坦作了富有启发性的回答。 tease ti:z v. 1 make fun of (sb) in a playful or unkind way 取笑 , 嘲弄（某人） The other boys used to tease him because of/about his accent. 别的男孩子常拿他的口音 取笑他。 2 pretend to offer you something that you want, especially sex, but then not give it to you 挑逗 He suspected that Laura was teasing him. 他怀疑劳拉是在挑逗他。 tempt tempt v. 1 sb (into sth/doing sth) persuade or try to persuade sb to do sth, esp sth wrong or unwise 劝说或鼓动某人做某事 （尤指错事 傻事） He was tempted into a life of crime by greed and laziness. 他受贪婪和懒惰的驱使步入了罪恶的一生 . Nothing would tempt me to join the army. 什麽也不能引诱我 参军。 2 arouse a desire in sb; attract sb 引起某人的欲望 ; 吸引某人 The warm weather tempted us into going for a swim. 暖和的 天气诱使我们去游泳 . tempter n. 引诱者 ; 诱惑者 . the Tempter 魔鬼 ; 撒旦 . tempting adj. attractive; inviting 吸引人的 ; 诱人的 ;有诱惑力 的 ; 动人的 a tempting offer 诱人的提议 That cake looks very tempting. 那蛋糕的样子很吸引人。 temptingly adv. 诱人地， 吸引人地 universal ju:niv:sl adj. 1 relating to everyone in the world or everyone in a particular group or society 普遍的，全体的， The government introduced universal secondary education years ago. 几年前 ,政府就倡导普及中等教育。 2 true or suitable in every situation 通用的 This machine has a universal use in the home. 这种机器在家庭中有广泛的用途。 universally -sl; -sl adv. by everyone or in every case普遍地 ; 人人 ; 在所有情况 下 The rules do not apply universally. 这些规 则并非放诸四海而皆准。 It is universally acknowledged that. 普遍认为 . next to make an effort; try to do something, esp. without succeeding 试图，企图 1) Every time Ive attempted to convince her, Ive failed completely. 每一次我都试图说服她，但全然不起作用。 attempt v. 2) Weather conditions prevented them from attempting the jump. 天气状况使他们无法试跳 。 tempt an effort made to do something., esp. something difficult 努力，尝试 He failed in his attempt at winning / to win first prize. 他试图获得头奖，但却失败了。 n. Expressions: an attempt on/upon/against sbs life 企图谋杀某人 an attempted murder/suicide 杀人 /自杀未遂 make an attempt to do something 努力 , 试图 . 2) Their stay extended into the new year. 他们的停留期延长到新年期间。 1. (of space, land, time, etc.) to reach, stretch, or continue （ 空间、时间的）延长，扩展 extend v. 1) This road extends to the port. 这条路一直延伸到港口。 2. to make longer or greater, esp. so as to reach a desired station 使（空间、时间等）延长，伸展 1) They extended the subway to the suburbs. 他们把地铁延长到郊区。 2) We extended the meeting another 20 minutes. 我们将会议再延长 20分钟。 3. to stretch out (a part of ones body) to the limit 伸出，展开（手、脚等） The lady extended her hand to the guest. 那位女士伸出手来和客人握手。 4. (formal) to give or offer (help, friendship, etc.) 正式 给与（帮助、友谊等） 1) wed like to extend a warm welcome to our French visitors. 我们对法国朋友的到来表示热烈欢迎。 2) The kind people extended help to the refugees. 好心人们向难民伸 出援手。 Expressions: extend credit to sb. 向某人提供贷款 extend condolences/sympathies 致哀 /慰唁 extend thanks to sb. （正式地）向某人致谢 2. to cut a hole in something 打孔 The ticket-collector punched my ticket / punched a hole in my ticket. 检票 员在我的车票上打了孔。 punch v. 1. to hit (someone or something) hard with the fist 用拳猛击 He punched the man in the face/chest / on the nose. 他一拳打在那人脸上 /胸口上 /鼻子上。 pnt Expressions: punch the air 朝空中挥一拳（表示非常高兴） punch in/out 上 /下班打卡 1. a quick strong blow made with the fist The boy got a punch on the jaw. 那男孩下颚挨了一拳。 2. forcefulness; effective power The speech was OK, but it had no real punch. 那演讲还行，但没有真正的感染力。 n. Expressions: throw a punch: aim a punch at somebody 用拳头瞄准某人 punch line（笑话、故事中最后几句点题或抛出笑料的）妙语， 画龙点睛的结尾语 1. delicate; not easy to notice, understand or explain 细微的；难以理解或捉摸的 1) a subtle flavor of oranges 少许的橙子味 2) The pictures are similar, but there are subtle differences between them. 这些图片很相似，但它们之间有细微的差别。 subtle adj. stl 2. clever in arrangement, esp. so as to deceive people 狡猾的，狡诈的 e.g. a subtle plan 狡猾的计划 3. very clever in noticing and understanding 敏感的 e.g. a subtle critic 敏锐的批评家 a subtle mind 敏锐的头脑 1. to make a strong request for help, support, mercy, etc. 恳请，恳求，呼吁 1) We appealed to him for help. 我们向他求援。 2) She appealed to the kidnappers to release her son. 她哀求绑架者释放她的儿子。 appeal v. attraction; interest 感染力， 吸引力 The film has great appeal for young audiences. 这部电影对年轻观众有巨大的吸引力。 3. a formal request to a court or to someone in authority to change the decision 上诉；申诉 Expressions: appeal to sbs better nature / sense of honor / sense of justice 唤起某人的良知 /荣誉感 /正义感 enter an appeal 提出上诉 appealing look/voice 求助的目光 /语气 1. a record or reminder in writing 记录，笔记 note n. observe 注意，留意 1) I noted how her face reddened every time Bens name was mentioned. 我注意到每一次提到本的名字，她就会脸红。 v. 2) Please note that this book must be returned within a week. 请注意这本书必须在一周内归还。 2. to call attention to; remark 指出，特别提到 2) The report noted a complete disregard for the safety regulations. 报告特别提到人们对安全规定的漠视。 1) We have already noted that soybeans are a good source of protein. 我们已经说过，大 豆含有丰富的蛋白质。 Expressions: make a note of something 将某事记下来 thank-you note 感谢信 take/make notes 做笔记 a note of humor/sadness 一丝幽默 /哀伤的色彩 take note of 注意，注目 1. showing a lack of fine feeling or good judgment in the choice of what is suitable or beautiful 庸俗的 1) The house was full of expensive but very vulgar furniture. 房子里布满价钱昂贵却十分庸俗的家具。 2) a vulgar display of wealth 对财富庸俗的炫耀 2. extremely rude or bad-mannered 无礼的，粗俗的，粗野的 vulgar habits 粗鄙的习惯 vulgar adj. vlg lacking refinement or good taste 物质的质地、结构等粗糙；言语、举止、态度等粗鲁 1) The table was covered with coarse cloth. 桌上盖着粗布。 2) He was a coarse, loud-mouthed man. 他是一个粗鲁的、说话大声大气的人。 词汇辨析 coarse, crude, obscene, vulgar coarse in a raw or natural condition, before being prepared for use; not processed; lacking grace or taste 天然的，未加工的；举止谈吐不文雅，粗鲁的 crude 2) Ive never appreciated his crude sense of humor. 我从不欣赏他粗俗的幽默。 1) The prices of crude oil are rising. 原油价格在上涨。 offensive to ones feelings or decency; disgusting 淫猥的；讨厌的 e.g. The court must decide whether the movie is obscene. 法院必须裁定该片是否属淫秽电影。 obscene very rude, low, or bad mannered; going against the accepted standards of polite society change 因缺乏教养或高雅情趣而显得庸俗、下流 e.g. He is often coarse, but never vulgar. 他言行常很粗鲁，但绝不下流。 vulgar 1. to consider somebody or something responsible for something bad 把 归咎于 1) Do you blame him for the accident / the accident on him? 你是否将这个意外事件归罪于他呢？ 2) They blamed the rise in oil prices for the big increase in inflation. 他们把石油价格上涨归咎于通货膨胀的增大。 blame v. active 活跃的；充满活力的 1) Although he is old, he is still very alive. 尽管他年纪很大，但还是很有活力。 2) His eyes are alive with hope. 他的眼睛因为充满希望而炯炯有神。 alive adj. laiv Expressions: come alive 变得有趣 /逼真 /有生气；（城市等）变得繁忙 be alive to having full knowledge of; aware 意识到，注意到 be alive with be full of people, animals, or things that are moving 充满了，到处都是 3. continue to exist 仍然存在的 Ancient traditions are still very much alive in rural areas. 古老的传统在农村地区仍然保存得非常完好。 1. to continue to do something firmly, although it is difficult 执意，坚持不懈 1) If you persist in causing trouble, the company may be forced to dismiss you. 如果你执意制造麻烦，公司可能不得不解雇你。 2) Does he always persist in his opinion like that? 他经常那样坚持己见吗？ persist v. psist 2. to continue to exist or happen 持续 2) Despite official denials, the rumors persisted. 尽管官方否认，谣言仍在继续流传。 1) This stormy weather will persist for a couple of days. 这种风雨交加的天气会持续 三天。 phrases and expressions beyond the reach of somebody 在某人伸 手够不着的地方 The book is beyond my reach. Would you please pass it to me? 我够不着这本书，你能递给我吗？ fall in love with somebody 爱上某人 He has fallen in love with Mary. 他已爱上了玛丽。 flash a smile 笑容一闪 Meg flashed Cissie a grateful smile. 梅格给了锡西一个感激的微笑。
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