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专题限时检测(一)单词词义辨析(共3组，限时20分钟)1(2019南京、盐城一模)Last December China _ 100 Chinese and 10 foreigners for their outstanding contributions to the countrys reform and openingup.AdistinguishedBsponsoredCacknowledged Devaluated解析：选C句意：去年12月，中国表彰了对国家改革开放做出杰出贡献的100名中国人和10名外国人。acknowledge在此句中表示“express thanks for (sth.) 为(某事物)表示感谢”，符合语境。 distinguish“区别，辨别”；sponsor“赞助”；evaluate “评估”。2(2019南京、盐城一模)Computercontrolled robots are taking over jobs in many industries, which used to be done_.Aartificially BmanuallyCcomprehensively Dgradually解析：选B句意：计算机控制的机器人接管了许多行业中的工作，而这些工作过去都是手工完成的。artificially“人造地，不自然地”；manually“手工地”；comprehensively“全面地”； gradually“渐渐地”。根据句意，选B。3(2019镇江一模)The waitress at the restaurant was usually very considerate, but on this occasion she seemed to _ the diners.Aignore BidentifyCapplaud Dsatisfy解析：选A句意：餐馆的女服务员通常很体贴，但在这个场合，她似乎忽视了用餐者。ignore“忽视”，符合句意。identify“确定，识别”；applaud“夸赞，鼓掌”；satisfy“满足”。4(2019镇江一模)I wish you wouldnt be so_； you make faces at everything I say.Aweird BpoliteCreluctant Dserious解析：选A句意：我希望我没有这么奇怪，你对我说的所有事都挤眉弄眼。weird“不可思议的，怪诞的”，符合句意。polite“礼貌的”；reluctant“不情愿，严肃”；serious“严肃的”。5(2019苏州一模)The year 2018 is a special one in that it _ the 40th anniversary of the launch of Chinas reform and openingup policy.Asignals BadvocatesCanticipates Dmarks解析：选D句意：2018年是一个特殊的年份，因为它标志着中国改革开放40周年。in that相当于because引导原因状语从句。mark“标志”，符合语境。signal“向发信号”；advocate“提倡”；anticipate“预见，预料”。6(2019常州一模)Studies suggest that babies learn to _ voices before birth.They can recognize their mothers voice among a group of women.Asuspect BcompromiseCdiscriminate Dinspect解析：选C句意：研究表明婴儿在出生前便学会分辨声音。他们可以在一群女人当中分辨出母亲的声音。discriminate “歧视；区别；辨出”，符合语境。suspect“怀疑”；compromise “妥协，伤害”； inspect“检查，视察”。7(2019常州一模)Why not turn to Kevin? He saw what happened, so his is the only _ account.The problem is that he has refused to say anything about the accident.Atentative BcontroversialCauthentic Darbitrary解析：选C句意：“为什么不求助于Kevin？他目击了事件的发生，因此他所说的话是唯一真实准确的叙述。”“问题是他已拒绝对此事件说点什么。”authentic “真实的，准确的”，符合语境。tentative“试探性的”；controversial“有争议的”；arbitrary“随意的，任性的”。8(2019常州一模)Though scientists get closer to understanding why we age, the reason for different aging rates among individuals remains only _ understood.Aconcretely BthoroughlyCvaguely Dflexibly解析：选C句意：虽然科学家们越来越了解我们为什么会变老，但对于个体间不同的衰老率的原因仍然理解得比较模糊。vaguely“模糊地”，符合语境。concretely“具体地”； thoroughly“彻底地”； flexibly“灵活地”。9(2019徐州、淮安、连云港一模)Being an experienced lecturer, Mr.Black _ his speech to suit a younger audience.Asimplified BaddressedCexchanged Ddelivered解析：选A句意：作为一个经验丰富的演讲者，布莱克先生简化他的演讲来适应年轻的观众。simplify“简化”，符合语境。address“称呼，演说”；exchange“交换”； deliver“传送；投递”。10(2019徐州、淮安、连云港一模)The audience burst into laughter because of the _ of the tongue from the host, who said, “Good ladies, evening and gentlemen.”Aslip BslideCseal Dspit解析：选A句意：观众因主持人失言而大笑，主持人说：“女士们，晚上好，先生们。”the slip of tongue “口误”，固定搭配。11(2019泰州一模)The autobiography Becoming by Michelle Obama, _ about her life in the White House, sold well once on the market.Adefinitely BessentiallyCinitially Daccurately解析：选B句意：米歇尔奥巴马(Michelle Obama)写的成为这本自传，基本上是关于她在白宫的生活，一经上市，就很畅销。essentially“基本上，根本上”，符合语境。definitely“明确地；确切地”；initially“最初；开始”；accurately“精确地，如实”。12(2019泰州一模)Whenever I feel lonely or upset, I always do some reading, which _ me well.Aserves BsuitsCfavors Dmotivates解析：选A句意：每当我感到孤独或沮丧时，我总是做些阅读，这对我很有帮助。此处serve意思为“对有用”。13(2019扬州一模)You had better stay in China for further education.Some top American universities are accused of _ AsianAmerican applicants using race as a factor.Awelcoming BemployingCdenying Drestoring解析：选C句意：你最好留在中国继续深造。一些美国顶尖大学被指控以种族为因素拒绝亚裔申请人。deny “拒绝”，符合语境。welcome“欢迎”；employ“雇佣”； restore“恢复”。14(2019扬州一模)Many of us have concerns about the challenges facing future generations as our global population _ and the earths natural resources decrease.Aselects BdeclinesCswells Dvaries解析：选C句意：随着全球人口的膨胀和地球自然资源的减少，我们中的许多人对后代面临的挑战感到担忧。swell“肿胀，膨胀”，符合语境。select“选择，挑选”； decline“下降，婉拒”； vary“不同”。15(2019南通一模)Thanks to the efforts in environmental protection, the wetland has been _ to its original appearance.Arestored BdeliveredCtransferred Ddrafted解析：选A句意：由于在环境保护方面的努力，这片湿地已经恢复原样了。restore“恢复”；deliver“交付”；transfer“转移”；draft“征募；拟稿”。1(2019南京、盐城二模)Molly finally agreed, _ reluctantly, to go and see a doctor.Aafterwards BalmostCotherwise Dsomewhat解析：选D 句意：Molly最后同意去看医生，尽管有点不情愿。somewhat “有点”，符合句意。2(2019南京、盐城二模)The conditions in the local school were fairly _， no electricity and no basic teaching facilities available.Aunique BtypicalCprimitive Dstable解析：选C句意：这个当地学校的条件是相当的原始，没有电也没有可用的基础教育设施。primitive“原始的，简单的”，符合句意。unique “独特的”；typical “典型的”；stable“稳定的”。3(2019通、泰、扬、徐、淮、宿二模)To better our cultural moral character, we students might as well increase our _ for reading. Aqualification BtendencyCappetite Dapplication解析：选C句意：为了提高我们的文化品格，我们学生不妨增加对阅读的兴趣。appetite有“食欲；爱好”等含义，此处意思是“爱好”。qualification“资格”；tendency“趋势，倾向”；application“申请”。4(2019南通七市二模)Thanks to Chinese peoples hard work and wisdom, China has _ into the second largest economy.Aevolved BslippedCextended Dshaped解析：选A句意：多亏了中国人民的勤劳奋斗和聪慧才智，中国发展成为了第二大经济体。evolve“逐步发展，逐渐演变”，符合语境。slip“滑倒，滑落”；extend“延伸”；shape“使成为形状”。5(2019苏、锡、常、镇二模)Running is often tiring and a lot of hard work, but nothing _the feeling you get after finishing a long workout around the track.Abreaks BblocksCbonds Dbeats解析：选D句意：跑步通常很累，也很辛苦，但没有什么能比你在赛道上完成一个长时间的锻炼后所获得的感觉更好。beat“击败”，符合语境。6(2019南京三模)The maple trees turn a brilliant red in autumn, adding another _ to the colors in the harvest season.Atheme BversionCcategory Ddimension解析：选D句意：秋天的枫树变成了鲜艳的红色，在丰收季节给色彩增添了另一个维度。7(2019南京三模)Look! Mary is crazily looking for something again!_， she cant find her keys.ATypically BOccasionallyCAccordingly DParticularly解析：选A句意：“看，玛丽又在发疯似的找东西！”“通常，她找不到钥匙。”Typically“通常； 一般； 典型地”，符合语境。Occasionally“偶尔地”；Accordingly“相应地”；Particularly“特别地”。8(2019南京三模)Wild animals in nature reserves need to develop their survival skills and _ their wild nature.Adisplay BpossessCmaintain Dmonitor解析：选C句意：自然保护区的野生动物需要发展它们的生存技能并保持它们的野生性质。maintain “保留，保持”，符合语境。display“展示”； possess“拥有”；monitor“监视；检查”。9(2019扬、泰、南、淮、徐、宿、连三模)The businessman studied the market in his hometown to find the _ for investment.Apotential BreservationCcriterion Dallowance解析：选A句意：这位商人研究了家乡的市场，寻找投资潜力。potential“潜力”，符合句意。reservation“保留”；criterion“标准”；allowance“津贴”。10(2019扬、泰、南、淮、徐、宿、连三模)As visitors from a different culture, the least we can do is be _ to the people in their own land.Adistant BcivilCallergic Dcruel解析：选B句意：作为来自不同文化的游客，我们至少能做到对本国人民有礼貌。civil 经常用来表示“国家的，民事的”的意思。但是在本句中意思是“文明的，有礼貌的”。distant “遥远的；疏远的”；allergic“过敏的”；cruel“残忍的”。11(2019南京、盐城一模)Many people tend to assume that _ just means creating something new, but actually its more than that its an attitude of doing things.Aimitation BimaginationCinnovation Dinspiration解析：选C句意：许多人往往会认为创新仅仅意味着创造一些新的东西，但是事实上它远不止于此，它(还)是一种做事的态度。innovation“创新，改革”，符合语境。imitation“模仿，效仿”；imagination“想象，想象力”；inspiration“灵感，妙计”。12(2019盐城三模)His children were his pride, and being a devoted father became a top _ in his life.Acapacity BanxietyCpriority Dopportunity解析：选C句意：他的孩子是他的骄傲，成为一个忠诚的父亲成为了他生命中的头等大事。a top priority“头等大事、当务之急、最优先考虑的事情”。capacity“能力”； anxiety“焦虑”；opportunity“机会”。13(2019盐城三模)This raw chocolate tastes pretty delicious due to _ amount of melted pure fresh cream.Aequal BgenerousCinsufficient Dtiny解析：选B句意：由于大量融化的纯新鲜奶油，这种生巧克力尝起来相当美味。generous 此处意思是“大量的”。equal“平等的”；insufficient“不充分的”；tiny “微量的”。14(2019盐城三模)When the organization _ in March, 2019, there was almost no money in the bank and more than1 million of debt.Afolded BboomedCregistered Dsprang解析：选A句意：当该组织于2019年3月倒闭时，银行里几乎没有任何钱，债务超过100万美元。fold常用来表示“折叠”的意思。此句中意思为“倒闭”。boom“繁荣”； register“登记；注册”；spring“跳跃、反弹”。15(2019南京三模)Id never wondered before whether or not he was kidfriendly.With one glance, I quickly _ that he probably wasnt.Aagreed BreportedCexplained Ddecided解析：选D句意：我以前从未想过他是否对孩子友好这个问题。但是我看了一眼，很快就断定他可能不是。decide“决定，断定”，符合语境。1A biblical idiom is often an expression that _ the moral of a story and gives the audience a picture to help them understand the story better. Acompensates BunderlinesCaccomplishes Dsubstitutes解析：选B句意：圣经中的习语通常是一种强调故事寓意的表达方式，并呈现给观众一幅画，帮助他们更好地理解故事。underline有“下划线，强调”等含义，此处意思是“强调”。compensate“补偿”；accomplish“完成”；substitute“替代”。2Encourage your child to reach a(n) _ between what he wants and what you want since its hard to please both. Aassessment BdestinationCcompromise Dconclusion解析：选C句意：既然众口难调，那么鼓励你的孩子在他想要的和你想要的之间达成妥协。compromise有“妥协；伤害”等含义，此处意思是“妥协”。assessment“评估”；destination“目的地”；conclusion“结论”。3Sue was greatly inspired though she made _ improvements in her English writing. Amodest BbrilliantCtremendous Dconsiderable解析：选A句意：尽管Sue在她的英语书写上只取得了一点点进步，但她仍然备受鼓舞。modest一般意思是“谦虚的”，此处意思是“微小的，不太大的”。 brilliant“聪明的”；tremendous“巨大的”；considerable“可观的；相当的”。4Our dream is to _ a World Cup that makes you, your grandchildren and everyone in football really proud.Astage BchairCfound Dwatch解析：选A句意：我们的梦想是举办一届能够使你、你的孙辈以及每一个踢足球的人真正感到骄傲的世界杯。stage一般用作名词，意思是“舞台”，此处用作动词，意思是“上演，举办，筹划”。chair“主持(会议等)”；found“创立”；watch“观看”。5Alipay, which currently has over 520 million users, is a powerful _ of payment tools, financial services and marketing platforms. Acombination BidentificationCreservation Daccommodation解析：选A句意：支付宝，目前拥有超过5亿2 000万用户，是支付工具、金融服务和营销平台的强大结合体。combination“结合，联合体”，符合语境。 identification“认同，鉴别”；reservation“预订，保留”；accommodation“住宿，食宿”。6Although values may be _， its helpful to share them with your partner for additional support.Aterminal BpersonalCcrucial Dpractical解析：选B句意：尽管价值观可能是非常私人的，但是和你的朋友分享价值观来获得额外支持是非常有用的。personal“个人的”，符合语境。terminal“末端的，末期的”；crucial“决定性的，关键性的”；practical“实际的”。7America has become known for its _ of individualism, which has been a source of conflict with other cultures. Apush BbanCoffence Dcontrol解析：选A句意：美国以推行个人主义而闻名，而个人主义则是与其他文化冲突的根源。push“推动，推行”，符合语境。ban“禁止”；offence“违反，冒犯”；control“控制”。8Over the last four decades, the Chinese people have _ enhanced productivity through hard work with a firm spirit.Aroughly BmerelyCsignificantly Dequally解析：选C句意：在过去的四十年里，中国人民通过坚持不懈的努力，极大地提高了生产力。significantly“值得注目地；巨大地”，符合语境。roughly“艰难地”；merely“仅仅”；equally“平等地”。9In Beijing opera, performers are required to paint their faces in patterns and colors to help show the _ and depths of the characters personalities.Adimensions BcertificatesCoccupations Dconsciences解析：选A句意：在京剧里，表演者们被要求在脸上画上图案并着色，以帮助展示人物个性的广度和深度。根据句意及空后的“depths”可知，空处应表示“广度”，所以要选dimensions。certificate“证书”；occupation“职业；占有”；conscience“道德心，良心”。10China has been working to _ the legal landscape for autonomous vehicles, which are on a highway to commercial availability.Aclarify BaccelerateCtransmit Dpreserve解析：选A句意：中国一直在努力地使自动驾驶汽车合法化，很快就会具有商业价值。clarify“澄清，说清楚”，符合句意。accelerate“加快”；transmit“传送，传输；发射”；preserve“保存，保护”。9
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