结构专业词汇

结构专业STRUCTURE绝对值absolutevalue均布荷载uniformlydistributedload抗拔力pullingresistanee抗剪刚度shearrigidity抗剪强度shearstrength,shearingstrength抗拉强度tensilestrength抗扭torsionresistanee抗扭刚度torsionalrigidity抗弯bendingresistanee抗弯刚度bendingrigidity抗压强度compressivestrength,strength可靠性reliability可靠性设计reliabilitydesign拉力tensileforce拉应力tensilestress,tensionstress拉应变tensilestrain,tensionstrain临界点criticalpoint临界荷载criticalload临界应力criticalstress密度density离心力centrifugalforce摩擦力frictionforce摩擦系数frictionalfactor挠度deflection内力internalforce,innerforce扭矩momentoftorsion,torsionalmoment疲劳强度fatiguestrength偏心荷载eccentricload,non-centralload偏心掘巨eccentricdistanee,eccentricity偏心受拉eccentrictension偏心受压eccentriccompression屈服强度yieldstrength使用荷载workingload水平力horizontalforce水平推力horizontalthrust弹塑性变形elastoplasticdeformation弹性elasticity,resilienee,spring塑限plasticlimit弹性变形elasticdeformation塑性变形plasticdeformation弹性模量modulusofelastic,elasticmodulus体积volume,bulk,cubature,cubage土压力earthpressure,soilpressure弯矩bendingmoment,moment弯曲半径radiusatbent,radiusofcurve位移displacement温度应力temperaturestress温度作用temperatureaction系数coefficient,factor雪荷载snowload压应变compressionstrain压应力compressionstress应力集中concentrationofstress预应力prestressingforce,prestress振动荷载vibratingload,rackingload支座反力supportreactioncompressionLOAD荷载GROUNDBASEANDFOUNDATION地基及基础REINFORCEMENTCONCRETESTRUCTURE筋混凝土结构STEELSTRUCTURE钢结构DESIGNFORANTISEISMIC抗震设计GENERALWORDSFORDESIGN设计常用词汇GENERALWORDSFORCONSTRUCTIO施工常用词汇a.Load荷载拔力pullingforce标准值standardvalue残余应力residualstress冲击荷载impactload,punchload残余变形residualdeformation承压bearing承载能力bearingcapacity承重bearing,loadbearing承重结构bearingstructure脆性材料brittlematerial脆性破坏brittlefailure抵抗力resistingpower,resistanee吊车荷载craneload分布荷载distributedload风荷载windload风速windvelocity,windspeed风压windpressure风振windvibration浮力buoyanee,floatage符号symbol,mark负弯矩negativemoment,hoggingmoment附加荷载additionalload附加应力additionalstress副作用sideeffect,by-effect刚度rigidity刚度比ratioofrigidity刚度系数rigidityfactor冈U接rigidconnection刚性节点rigidjoint恒载deadload荷载传递transmissionofload固端弯矩fixed-endmoment活荷载liveload积灰荷载dustload集中荷载concentratedload加载，加荷loading剪力shear,shearingforce剪切破坏shearfailure剪应变shearstrain剪应力shearstress简支simplesupport静定结构staticallydeterminatestructure截面模量modulusofsection,sectionmodulus静力staticforce静力分析staticanalysis局部压力localpressure,partialpressure局部压屈localbulklingPage#of8自重ownweight作用action,effect作用点pointofapplication,applicationjointb.GroundBaseandFoundation地基及基础板桩sheetpile,sheetingpile板桩基础sheetpilefoundation饱和粘土saturationclay冰冻线frostline,freezinglevel不均匀沉降unequalsettlement,differentialsettlement残积土residualsoil沉积物deposit,sediment沉降settlement沉降差differeneeinsettlement沉降缝settlementjoint沉井sinkingwell,sunkwell沉箱caisson持力层bearingstratum冲积alluviation锤夯hammertamping档土墙retainingwall,breastwall底板baseslab,baseplate,bedplate地板floorboard地基groundbase,ground地基承载力groundbearingcapacity地基处理groundtreatment,soiltreatment地基稳定basestabilization地梁groundbeam,groundsill地漏floordrain地下工程substructurework,understructurework地下室basement,cellar地下水groundwater地下水位groundwaterlevel,watertable地下水压力groundwaterpressure地质报告geologicreport垫层bedding,blinding独立基础isolatedfoundation,individualfoundation端承桩end-bearingpile筏式基础raftfoundation粉砂silt,rockflour粉质粘土siltyclay粉质土siltysoil扶壁式档土墙buttressedretainingwall腐蚀corrosion覆土earthcovering刚性基础rigidfoundation沟盖板trenchcover固结consolidation灌注桩cast-in-placepile,castinsitepile护坡slopeprotection,revetment护桩guardpile环墙ringwall灰土limeearth回填backfill,backfilling回填土backfill,backfillsoil混凝土找平层concretescreed火山灰水泥trasscement基槽foundationtrench基础foundation,base基础底板foundationslab基础埋深embeddeddepthoffoundation基础平面图foundationplan地基勘探siteexploration,siteinvestigation基坑foundationpit集水坑collectingsump阶形基础steppedfoundation结合层bindingcourse,bondingcourse井点wellpoint井点排水wellpointunwatering开挖excavation,cutting勘测explorationandsurvey勘测资料explorationdata沥青bitumen,asphalt,pitch联合基础combinedfoundation卵石cobble,pebble埋置embedment毛石基础rubblefoundation锚筋anchorbar锚桩anchorpile密实度compactness,density,denseness摩擦桩frictionpile,floatingpile粘土clay粘质粉土claysilt碾压rollercompaction,rolling排水drainage,dewatering排水沟drainageditch排水孑Lweephole,drainhole排水设备dewateringequipment普通硅酸盐水泥ordinaryPortlandcement群桩groupedpiles容许沉降permissiblesettlement容许承载力allowablebearing软土softsoil砂垫层sandbeddingcourse,sandcushion砂土sandysoil,sands砂质粉土sandysilt设备基础equipmentfoundation水泥搅拌桩cementinjection素土夯实rammedearth,packedsoil碎石桩stonecolumns弹性地基elasticfoundation弹性地基梁beamonelasticfoundation填方fill,filling填土earth-fill,earthfilling,filling条形基础stripfoundation土方工程earthwork挖方excavationwork,excavation箱形基础boxfoundation压实compaction,compacting压实系数compactingfactor验槽checkoffoundationsubsoil预制混凝土桩precastconcretepile中砂mediumsand重力式档土墙gravityretainingwall桩承台pilecap钻孔桩boredpile乍占探explorationdrilling,drilling,最终沉降finalsettlementc.ReinforcementConcreteStructure钢筋混凝土结构板缝slabjoint板厚thicknessofslab板式楼梯crankedslabstairs板跨度spanofslab薄壁结构thin-walledstructure薄腹梁thinweddedgirder保护层protectivecoating臂式吊车boomcrane,boomhoist边梁edgebeam,boundarybeam变截面variablecross-section变形缝movementjoint变形钢筋deformedbar初凝initialsetting,pre-setting次梁secondarybeam大型屋面板precastribbedroofslab单层厂房one-storiedfactory单筋梁beamwithsinglereinforcement单跨singlespan单向板one-wayslab垫块cushionblock垫梁templatebeam吊车梁cranebeam,cranegirder顶棚抹灰ceilingplastering端跨endspan,tailbay多跨连续梁multi-spanbeam翻边upstand反梁upstandbeam分布钢筋distribution-bar圭寸闭式箍筋closedstirrup附加钢筋additionalbar刚架rigidframe,stiffframe钢筋reinforcement,steelbar,bar钢筋表BarSchedules钢筋笼steelreinforcementcage钢筋间距spacingofbars,barspacing钢筋网bar-matreinforcement,meshreinforcement钢筋砖reinforcedbrick勾缝jointpointing构架frame,gallows构件member,structuralmember构造construction构造钢筋constructionalreinforcement构造柱onstructionalcolumn,tiecolumn构筑物structure箍筋hoopreinforcement,hooping箍筋间距stirrupspacing固定端fixedend,retainedendSTRUCTURE固端梁fixed-endbeam,fixedbeam过梁lintel,breastsummer混凝土强度等级gradeofconcrete机制砖machine-madebrick剪力墙shearwall简支梁simplysupportedbeam经济跨度economicspan经济配筋率economicratioofreinforcement劲性钢筋stiffreinforcement劲性钢筋混凝土结构steelcompositeconstruction径向钢筋radialreinforcement抗剪钢筋shearreinforcement抗拉钢筋tensionreinforcement受压钢筋compressionreinforcement可见裂缝visiblecrack刻痕钢丝indentedsteelwire坑pit,hollow,delve空斗墙rowlockcavitywall,rolockwall空心板hollowslab空心砖隔墙hollowtilepartition跨度span框架frame框架剪力墙结构frame-shearwallstructure拉接钢筋tiebar栏杆railing,banister栏杆立柱railingpost老化aging累积误差accumulatederror肋形楼板ribbedfloorslab冷拔低碳钢丝cold-drawnlow-carbonwire冷脆性coldshortness,coolingbrittleness冷弯coldbending冷轧coldrolling离析segregation梁垫beampad,template,pad梁挠度beamdeflection楼梯斜梁string,stringer螺旋楼梯spiralstair,windingstaircase马鞍形壳saddleshell锚固anchoring门框,门樘doorframe门式刚架portalframe面砖,墙面砖facingtile,walltile而寸火混凝土fire-resistingconcrete排架bent,bentframe女儿墙parapetwall,parapet配筋率reinforcementratio配箍率stirrupratio砌块block圈梁ringbeam,tiebeam,bondbeam山墙gable深梁deepbeam伸缩缝expansionjoint实腹梁solidwebgirder实腹柱solidwebcolumn竖向钢筋verticalreinforcement双向配筋two-wayreinforcement结构专业STRUCTURE素混凝土plainconcrete筒中筒结构tube-in-tubestructure网状钢筋steelmeshreinforcement围堰cofferdam,coffer无梁楼盖flatslab,flatplate系梁tiebeam预应力钢筋混凝土prestressedreinforcedconcrete预应力构件prestressedcomponent预制9prefabrication预制板precastslab预制构件prefabricationcomponent预制装配式结构prefabricatedconstruction折板foldedplate,foldedslab折板结构folded-platestructure主筋mainreinforcement,mainbar主梁mainbeam,girder柱距columnspacing,postspacing装配式结构fabricatedstructure纵梁longitudinalbeam纵剖面longitudinalsection纵向钢筋longitudinalbard.SteelStructure钢结构薄壁型钢light-gaugesteelsection,hollowsteelsection不等肢角钢unequalanglesteel槽钢channel,channelsteel背对背角钢组合anglesbacktoback不锈钢stainlesssteel除锈rust-removal粗制螺栓roughbolt,blackbolt带钢stripsteel,bandiron单面焊singleweld,one-sidewelding地脚螺栓foundationbolt,anchorbolt,holdingdownbolt点焊spotwelding,pointwelding电动葫芦electrichoist等边角钢equalangle,equallegangle对接焊，对焊buttwelding腹板webplate,web腹杆webmember腹板加劲件webstiffener杆rod,bar钢板steelplate钢管steeltube,steelpipe钢桁架steeltruss钢框架steelframe钢梯，爬梯steelladder高强度螺栓highstrengthbolt格构柱latticecolumn工字梁I-girder,I-beam工字钢I-steel工字形截面I-shapedcross-section焊缝weldingseam焊接welding焊条weldingrod桁架truss红丹底漆redleadprimer红丹漆redleadpaint加劲肋stiffeningrib,ribstiffener加劲板stiffeningplate角钢anglesteel节点joint,node节点板gussetplate,gusset节点位移jointdisplacement节间长度panellength紧固螺栓clampbolt,fasteningbolt精制螺栓turnedbolt可焊性weldability空腹桁架open-webtruss空间桁架spacetruss肋板ribbedpanel,ribbedslab连接板connectingplate,jointplate檩条purline螺母screwnut,nut螺栓bolt螺栓孔bolthole螺纹screwthread,thread螺纹长度lengthofthread螺纹钢screw-threadedsteel,twistedsteel拉杆tierod,tensionrod满焊fullweld铆钉rivet锰钢manganesesteel喷砂sandblasting轻钢结构lightweightsteelconstruction三角架tripod上弦topchord,upperchord上弦横向水平支撑upperlateralbracing上弦纵向水平支撑upperlongitudinalbracing平面桁架planetruss实腹刚架solidwebrigidframe塔架pylonbent特种钢specialsteel调和漆mixedpaint贴角焊filletweld,filletwelding托架bracket网架结构gridstructure屋架rooftruss,principal无缝钢管seamlesssteelpipe系杆tierod,tiebar,tie下弦bottomchord,lowerchord下弦横向水平支撑bottomlateralbracing斜撑diagonalbrace,diagonalbracing型钢sectionsteel,shapedsteel悬索suspendedcable,suspensioncable压力焊pressurewelding仰焊overheadwelding,invertedwelding翼缘flange翼缘板flangeplate,coverplate轧制型钢rolledsteelsection支撑bracing,strutting焊接长度weldlengthPage#of8业STRUCTURE结构专铸铁管castironpipe组合槽钢built-upchannel组合截面built-upsection,compoundsection自动焊接automaticweldinge. DesignforAntiseismic抗震设计鞭梢效应whippingeffect场地类别siteclassification场地土sitesoil单自由度体系single-degreeoffreedomsystem底部剪力法equivalentbaseshearmethod地震earthquake,seism地震烈度earthquakeintensity,seismicintensity地震烈度区划图mapofseismicintensityzoning地震影响系数seismicinflueneecoefficient地震作用earthquakeaction多自由度体系multi-degreeoffreedomsystem反应谱responsespectrum抗震earthquakeresistanee抗震缝seismicjoint,aseismicjoint抗震构造aseismicconstruction抗震设防earthquakefortification抗震设计seismicdesign共振resonance基本周期foundamentalperiod里氏震级Richtermagnitude烈度intensity设计近震designnearearthquake设计远震designfarearthquake时程分析法timehistorymethod液化liquefaction振型vibrationmode振型分解法modalanalysismethod震源earthquakefocus震中earthquakeepicenter自由度degreeoffreedom自振周期naturalperiodofvibrationf. GeneralWordsforDesign设计常用词汇安装installation,erection扌报价offer,quotedprice报价单quotation壁柱pilaster,muralcolumn变更alteration,variation,modification变形deformation标高elevation,level标准standard,criterion标准大样standarddetail标准图standarddrawing补充规定additionalregulations补充说明additionalremarks补充条件supplementaryconditions不对称asymmetry布置arrangement,layout布置图layoutplan,layout材料material材料表billofmaterials材料强度strengthofmaterials参见详图referringtodetaildrawing参考点refereneepoint参数parameter操作平台operatingplatform草图sketch,draft,roughdrawing侧向刚度lateralrigidity侧向稳定lateralstability侧向约束lateralrestraint侧向支撑lateralbracing,sidebracing拆除demolitionremoval长纟田比slendernessratio厂房factorybuilding,millbuilding超静定staticalindetermination承包contract承包商contractor等效截面equivalentsection底标高bottomelevation电梯lift,elevator,electriclift电梯井elevatorhoistway,liftwell,liftshaft电梯机房elevatormachineroom方案scheme,plan,programme方案设计schematicplan方案图schematicdrawing防爆explosionprotection,explosion-proofing防潮层damp-proofcourse防冻freezingprevention,frostprotection防冻剂antifreezecompound防腐preservation防腐剂preservative,preservativeagent防滑slip-resistanee防滑处理deslickingtreatment防滑条non-slipinsert防火fireprevention,fireproofing防火材料fireproofmaterial防火分区firecompartment防水waterproofing防水材料waterproofmaterial防水砂浆waterproofmortar防酸acidproofing方形square防锈rustprevention防锈剂anti-rustagent防振vibrationprotection分配系数distributioncoefficient风化weathering,efflorescenee风向winddirection附图attacheddrawing附注note,annotation高层建筑high-risebuilding高差differeneeinelevation高跨比ratioofrisetospan高宽比depth-widthratio高耸结构high-risestructure隔断partition,dividerPage#of8结构专业工程project,engineering工程量quantities工程量表billofquantities工业厂房industrialfactorybuilding工业建筑industrialarchitecture公称直径nominaldiameter公式formula公司company,corporation拱arch共振resonance,sympatheticvibration管架piperack规范regulation,code规格specifications,standards规模scale,scope国家规范nationalregulation国家标准nationalstandards合同contract横向变形transversedeformation横向刚度lateralrigidity化工厂chemicalplant货梯freightelevator,goodslift极限承载能力ultimatebearingcapacity纪要summary计算书calculationsheet技术资料technicaldata剪刀撑，交叉撑X-brace,crossbrace简图sketch,diagram简支梁simplebeam交叉intersection,crossing交点intersectionpoint铰接hingedconnection,hingejoint,pinconnection结构变形structuraldeformation结构图structuraldrawing结构形式structuralstyle结构稳定性structuralstability结论conclusion,verdict截面section界限limits,bounds,demarcationline紧急岀口emergencyexit精确度accuracy,precision,excatitude,局部破坏localfailure,partialfailure矩形rectangular抗冻frostresisting抗风柱windresistaneecolumn立面elevation,facade粒径particlediameter连续梁continuousbeam两铰拱two-hingedarch裂缝rift,crack,crevice楼梯stair楼梯间staircase楼梯扶手stairrail楼梯净空stairheadroom楼梯平台,休息平台landing,pace,stairlanding楼梯坡度pitchofstair,slopeofstair楼梯踏步stairstep铝合金aluminumalloySTRUCTURE铝合金窗aluminumalloywindow民用建筑civilarchitecture摩擦friction而寸火等级fireresistaneerating而寸久性durability,enduranee爬梯catladder疲劳破坏fatiguefailure频率frequency平面布置planlayout平台terrace,platform,deck平台栏杆platformrailing剖面section咅V面图sectionaldrawing侵蚀corrosion,erosion倾覆overturning,toppling人孑Lmanhole容许误差allowableerror,permissibleerror容许值permissiblevalue,allowablevalue晒图blueprinting上部结构superstructure设计要求designrequirements设计资料designdata伸缩缝expansionjoint室外楼梯exteriorstair,outsidestairway双向板two-wayslab水平撑horizontalbrace踏步step踏步板tread弹簧spring填充材料fillingmaterial填充墙fillerwall挑板cantileverslab挑檐projectingeaves,overhangeaves停车场carpark,parkinglot通用构件standardmember通用图standarddrawing通用详图standarddetail统一标准unifiedstandards统一构件unifiedstructureelement投标bid,tender招标bidding图集collectivedrawings,collectionofdrawings图签titleblock温差temperaturedifferenee稳定性stability,steadiness污水处理sewagedisposal,sewagetreatment先张法预应力pretensionedprestressing现行标准currentlyeffectivestandards详图,大样detaildrawing,detail橡胶止水带rubberwaterstopY肖防firefighting,fireprotection斜率slope卸荷unloading卸货平台dischargingplatform,unloadingplatform悬臂cantilever悬臂板cantileverslab悬臂梁cantileverbeam,overhangingbeamPage#of8结构专悬挂hangingsuspension压缩机compressor压缩模量modulusofcompression延性ductility,ductileness业主client,owner一览表table,schedule,list有效截面effectivesection预应力损失lossofprestress,prestressingloss圆形circularshape,round圆柱circularcolumn,roundcolumn约束confinement,restraint,constraint约束条件constraincondition展开图developeddrawing栈桥landingstage,loadingbridge罩棚awning折减系数reductionfactor折算高度reducedheight支座support,pedestal直爬梯verticalladder止水带waterstop中和轴neutralaxis重心centerofgravity周期period,cycle转弯半径turningradius转动惯量rotationalinertia装卸平台loadingandunloadingplatformg.GeneralWordsforConstruction施工常用词汇拌和料mixture标准级配standardgrading补强strengthening,stiffening测量survey,measurement拆模formremoval尺寸dimension,size抄平leveling处理treatment搭接lapjoint,lapping,overlapjoint搭接长度splicinglength打底bedding,priming打夯,夯实ramming,tamping打桩piledriving,piling,driving粗砂coarsesand捣实rodding,tamping地质勘测geologicalexploration,geologicalsurvey吊装hoisting定位locating,positioning堆料区stackingarea洞口opening放大enlargement,amplification放线settingout放样lofting,settingout分层夯实compactioninlayers分层回填back-fillinginlayers蜂窝麻面voidsandpits改建reconstruction,alteration改造transformation,remodeling业STRUCTURE钢模steelmould钢套管steelthimble,steelsleeve工厂预制构件factory-madecomponent骨料，集料aggregate骨料级配gradationofaggregate骨料粒径aggregatesize贯入度penetration灌浆grouting,groutjection和易性workability后张法post-tensioningmethod含水量watercontent,moisturecontent混凝土剥落scalingofconcrete混凝土外加剂concreteadditive,concreteagent混凝土浇筑pouringofconcrete级配gradation,grading力廿固reinforcement,strengthening力廿腋haunching间距spacing,pit建设building,construction建筑安装工程constructionandinstallationwork建筑材料buildingmaterials建筑结构buildingstructure建筑设计院architecturedesigninstitute建筑施工buildingconstruction检修人孑Linspectionmanhole浇筑pouring,placing,depositing脚手架scaffold,scaffolding结构标高structuralelevation进度估计progressestimate净高clearheight净距cleardistanee净空clearanee绝对标高absoluteelevation,absolutelevel竣工completion竣工图“AsBuilt”drawing开工commencementofwork扩建extension,enlargement离析segregation临时设施constructionsitefacilities临时道路temporaryroad麻面hungryspots埋入长度embedmentlength面层coat,coating抹灰plastering,rendering抹灰面层finishplaster模板form,shutterboard模板工程formwork喷涂spraycoating,spraying膨胀螺栓expansionbolt,expansionanchor平整leveling平整场地levelingofground坡道,斜坡道ramp,sloperamp,slopeway起吊hoisting砂浆mortar升板liftslab升板法施工liftslabconstruction施工construction结构专业STRUCTURE施工单位constructionorganization施工缝constructionjoint,workingjoint施工图constructiondrawing时效aging试样sample,testsample收缩shrinkage,contraction水灰比water-cementratio水泥cement水泥抹面cementplaster水泥砂浆cementmortar水泥砂浆找平cementmortarscreeding坍落度slump梯子ladder,stepladder提升模板climbingform,climbingshuttering温度缝temperaturejoint误差error,inaccuracy纟田骨料fineaggregate纟田石混凝土fineconcrete现场预制siteprefabrication现浇混凝土cast-in-placeconcrete相对标高relativeelevationrelativelevel徐变creep养护curing永久变形permanentdeformation预留孑Lpreformedhole,preparedhole预埋件embeddedparts,embeddedinserts预埋螺栓embeddedbolt,insertedbolt找平leveling,screeding找平层levelingcoat,levelingcourse振捣vibrationvibrator振捣棒pokervibration,vibratingneedle,支模formerecting,erectionofshuttering最佳级配optimumgradation坐标coordinatePage#of8