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Unit 3 A healthy lifeReading1.Have you ever smoked?If you have,have you stopped?Pre-reading2.Why do you think some adolescents start smoking?teenagers3.In what ways is smoking harmful?A waste of _moneySmoking may cause _.fireSmoking may cause _.air pollutionSmoking is not good for _ smokers.secondhand中国约十万人因吸二手烟而死.Smoking makes you bony.Smoking is not good for our _.healthWhat are the two big diseases that you think are related to smoking?lung diseaseWhat advice would you give?My advice is that let them get interested in some positive hobbies like sports,playing music,reading,playing chess and so on.5.Where could you get good advice on stopping smoking?Doctors Medical magazines Parents and friends 4.Do you think smoking should be banned?Advice From GranddadReading1.Who wrote the letter?2.What is the purpose of the letter?His Granddad.Give his grandson some advice to give up smoking.3.Match the paragraphs with the main ideas.A.James problem of smoking.B.Telling three ways of becoming addicted to smoking.C.The writers hope for his grandson and advice on stopping smoking.D.Tell us the harmful effects of smoking.E.From the life the writer is living,we know the importance of a healthy life.235411.The first sentence of the letter shows James granddad _.A.has nothing to do at homeB.lives a healthy lifeC.is tired when returning from a long bike trip D.likes sitting in the gardenBChoose the best answers.2.What did the old man use to persuade his grandson to give up smoking?A.Scientific theory.B.His failure in love.C.His sports activity.D.His own experience.D3.According to the text,if youre a smoker,when you dont smoke,you may feel _.A.relaxed B.angry C.sorry D.happyB4.From Para.3,we can learn that _.A.a person can be addicted to nicotine because nicotine is one of the hundreds of chemicals in cigarettes.B.a person will be addicted to smoking if he treats it as a habit.C.a person will feel sick if his body gets used to having nicotine.D.a person will really feel relaxed when having a cigarette.B 5.Which is NOT the effect of smoking?A.Causing terrible damage to heart and lungs.B.Affecting the health of non-smokers.C.Having the clothes turn yellow.D.Not enjoying sport.6.What is NOT included in the article about stop smoking on the internet?A.Relax B.DeterminationC.Courage D.Get help from others.C C 7.According to the letter,James granddad _.A.didnt give up smokingB.used to be a member of the school football teamC.is lonelyD.wrote down the advice from his experienceB8._ forced James granddad to give up smoking.A.That he ran too slow.B.His girlfriendC.That he was taken off the school football teamD.His parents C9.The following statements are true EXCEPT _.A.James grandfather was tired when returning from a long bike trip.B.there are three ways a person can become addicted to smoking.C.keeping your hands busy will help stop smoking.D.some people have to try several times before quitting smoking.A Information from the reading passageDifferent ways people can become addicted to cigarettesHarmful physical effects for smokers1.Physically addicted to nicotine2.Addicted through habits3.Mentally addicted1.Do terrible damage to heart and lungs2.have difficulty in becoming pregnant3.Become breathless quicklyFill in the chart.Effects that a persons smoking can have on other peopleEffects that smoking can have on sporting performance1.other people dislike the smell2.the cigarette smoke can do harm to non-smokers.be unable to enjoy sports1.If a young lady often smokes,she may give birth to a bigger baby in the future.2.People who smoke are more likely to suffer from heart disease.3.After smoking for a few years,a man may find that he cant run as fast as before.TFTsmallerTrue or False?4.Tom said that he felt happier when he smoked.That means he is physically addicted.5.A heavy smoker may pick up a cigarette to smoke even without realizing what he is doing.6.John said he was mentally addicted,because he felt rather upset or even painful if he didnt smoke for a while.FTFmentallyphysicallyRead the second part of the text to get suggestions to quit smokingP_ yourself.Be d_.Break the h_.R_.Get h_ if you need.K_ trying.repareeterminedabitelaxelp eepCan you give some other helpful suggestions?How can I stop smoking?Choose a day that is not _ to quit smoking.Make a list of all the _ you will get from stopping smoking._ all your cigarettes._ the list of benefits when you feel like smoking.Develop some other habits to keep yourself _.If you feel nervous or stressed,try some _ exercises like deep breathing.You can stop smoking with a _ or join a group.If necessary,ask a doctor or _ for help.The most important is to keep _.Dont feel _ if you have a cigarette again.Just _ again.stressfulbenefitsThrow awayRereadbusyrelaxationfriendchemisttryingashamedtry1.What kind of person do you think James grandfather is?He is fit and healthy and leads an active life.He takes an interest in his daughters and grandsons well-being.He is knowledgeable.He reads the internet.He appears to love his grandson.Discussion 2.What other information could have been included?1)Even non-smokers can get smoking related illnesses by breathing in air polluted by smoke.2)Pregnant women who smoke can produce smaller,less healthy babies with a lower IQ.3.What do you think can be done to protect non-smokers(especially women and babies)from those who smoke?1)a non-smoking policy in public places such as buses,train,restaurants,cinemas,etc2)Separate smoking and non-smoking areas in public places3)A campaign to highlight the dangers of smoking for smokers and non-smoking peopleLanguage points1.Why do you think some adolescents start smoking?adolescent/Teenagerbaby/infantchild(British)/kids(American)toddler youth婴儿婴儿年幼的孩子年幼的孩子13到到19岁的人岁的人会走路的小孩会走路的小孩男性青年男性青年My adolescent life 我的青少年时期我的青少年时期adolescence 青春期青春期The period of adolescence is very important in forming ones character.青春期对人的性格形成是非常重要的。青春期对人的性格形成是非常重要的。2.Do you think smoking should be banned?ban(banned,banned)vt.禁止禁止,取缔取缔Swimming is banned in this lake.这个湖里不准游泳。这个湖里不准游泳。They threatened to ban the book.他们威胁要禁止该书。他们威胁要禁止该书。n.禁止禁止;禁令禁令C(+on/against)The police lifted the ban against parking in this street.警察取消了不准在这条街上停车的禁令。警察取消了不准在这条街上停车的禁令。We have put a ban on smoking.我们已禁止吸烟。我们已禁止吸烟。辨析辨析:ban/forbid/prohibit禁止禁止 ban由于法律或社会压力而禁止由于法律或社会压力而禁止,有谴责或有谴责或不赞成的意味。搭配不赞成的意味。搭配banfrom sth./doing sth.forbid较常用较常用,可是个人可是个人,也可以是国家也可以是国家,政府政府机关作出的规定和准则。搭配机关作出的规定和准则。搭配forbid sb.to do sth./forbid doing sth.Prohibit 强调以法律或官方行政手段强调以法律或官方行政手段,或规章或规章制度的形式加以禁止。搭配制度的形式加以禁止。搭配prohibit sb.from sth./doing sth.Exercises:1)After the accident,he was _ from driving alone.2)Our school _ us to bring cell phone to school.3)The law _ the tobacco from being sold freely.bannedforbadprohibits3.It seems amazing that at my age I am still fit enough to 此句中的此句中的it是形式主语是形式主语,真正的主语是真正的主语是后面的后面的that从句。从句。_ felt funny watching myself on TV.(2007全国全国)A.One B.ThisC.It D.That解析解析:it是形式主语是形式主语,真正的主语是后真正的主语是后面的面的watching myself on TV。C4.I think my long and active life must be due to the healthy life I live.due to 因为因为;由由引起引起;由于由于 如如:accidents due to driving at high speed Her illness was due to bad food.Her absence was due to the storm.知识拓展知识拓展:表示因果关系的单词和短语表示因果关系的单词和短语because of 介词短语介词短语“因为因为”,较口语化较口语化owing to 介词短语介词短语“因为因为”,较正式较正式thanks to 介词短语介词短语“因为因为”,“多亏了多亏了”as a result of 介词短语介词短语“因为因为”as a result 副词短语副词短语“因此因此”易混辨析易混辨析due to,because of,thanks to,owing todue to 常在常在be动词之后作表语。动词之后作表语。His success is due to his parents help.他的成功归功于他父母的帮助。他的成功归功于他父母的帮助。because of 指原因指原因,意为意为“因为因为”,用以指出理由。用以指出理由。He lost the match because of poor preparation.他因为准备不足输掉了那场比赛。他因为准备不足输掉了那场比赛。thanks to 既可表达正面意义既可表达正面意义(多亏多亏,幸亏幸亏),又可表示讽刺意义。又可表示讽刺意义。Thanks to the good weather,we can go fishing this afternoon.幸亏天气很好幸亏天气很好,我们下午可以去钓鱼。我们下午可以去钓鱼。owing to意为意为“由于由于,应归功于应归功于”。Owing to our joint efforts,the task was fulfilled ahead of time.由于我们的共同努力由于我们的共同努力,这项任务提前完成了。这项任务提前完成了。The accident was _ his careless driving.A.due to B.because C.because of D.Both A and CD 5.I became addicted to cigarettes.become/get/be addicted to sth./doing sth.表示表示“对某事对某事/做某事上瘾做某事上瘾”,该短语中的该短语中的to是介词是介词,后接名词或动名词形式。如：后接名词或动名词形式。如：The children are addicted to computer games.孩子们对计算机游戏上了瘾。孩子们对计算机游戏上了瘾。addict vt.(1)使沉溺使沉溺;嗜好嗜好(2)使使成瘾成瘾,热衷于热衷于addict oneself to 沉溺于沉溺于,醉心于醉心于be addicted to 嗜好嗜好,热衷热衷He became addicted to the drug.他上了毒瘾。他上了毒瘾。addict n.(1)上了瘾的人上了瘾的人 film addict电影迷电影迷(2)吸毒者吸毒者addiction n.沉湎、成瘾沉湎、成瘾addictive adj.使人上瘾的使人上瘾的The parents felt helpless when theyfound their son had _ love stories for long.A.addicted B.addicted toC.addicted himselfD.been addicted toD6.This means that after a while you becomes accustomed to having nicotine in it.这就是说这就是说,过了一段时间以后过了一段时间以后,你的身体你的身体 习惯了香烟里的尼古丁。习惯了香烟里的尼古丁。accustom vt.使习惯于使习惯于be/get/become accustomed to 习惯于习惯于;适应于适应于 accustom+n./oneself+to 使自己习惯使自己习惯/适应于适应于其中其中to 为介词为介词The boy has _English in public.那孩子已经习惯于在公众面前说英语了。那孩子已经习惯于在公众面前说英语了。My eyes soon _.我的眼睛很快适应了黑暗。我的眼睛很快适应了黑暗。They had to_.他们不得不使自己习惯于炎热的天气。他们不得不使自己习惯于炎热的天气。accustom themselves to the hot weathergrew accustomed to the darknessbecome accustomed to speaking注意注意:在英语中在英语中,to 有时为动词不定式符号有时为动词不定式符号,后跟动词原形后跟动词原形;有时用作介词有时用作介词,后跟名词、后跟名词、代词、或动名词。下面的这些短语中的代词、或动名词。下面的这些短语中的to均为介词。均为介词。stick to 坚持坚持 lead to 导致导致,通向通向pay a visit to 参观参观 sentence sb.to 宣判某人宣判某人 come to 谈到谈到,涉及涉及 see to 处理处理,负责负责 be up to 总计总计 devoteto 致力于致力于 get down to 开始开始/着手着手考例考例 Accustomed to _ the steep mountain,he had no difficulty reaching the top.(上海上海2005春春)A.climbing B.climb C.having climbed D.have climbed点拨点拨 to为介词为介词,后跟动词后跟动词-ing形式形式,不能跟现在分词的完成式不能跟现在分词的完成式,故选故选A。A7.As you know,if you do the same thing over and over again,you begin to do it automatically.此句中的此句中的it是人称代词是人称代词,代替前面的代替前面的thing。Have you heard the latest news?No,what _?(2007全国卷全国卷)A.is it B.is there C.are they D.are those解析解析:由由news为不可数名词可排除为不可数名词可排除C、D两项两项,用用it指代具体的抽象名词指代具体的抽象名词the latest news。A8.so it was very difficult to quit.quit 动词动词,过去式和过去分词均为过去式和过去分词均为quit,现在分词为现在分词为quitting，接动词接动词-ing形式形式,“停止做停止做”I wish youd quit complaining.辞职辞职,离开离开 His father quit because of ill health.He has to quit school because he cant afford the education.解析解析:根据句意根据句意“医生们正在研究以便发现医生们正在研究以便发现当人们戒烟时当人们戒烟时,他们身体上将会发生什么他们身体上将会发生什么情况情况”选选A。decline下降下降;depart 起程起程;reserve预订。预订。Doctors are doing research to find out what happens physically when people _ smoking.(上海上海2005春春)A.quit B.decline C.depart D.reserveA只能用动词的只能用动词的-ing形式做宾语的动词有形式做宾语的动词有:admit;advise;allow;appreciate;avoid;celebrate;complete;consider;deny;forbid;fancy想象想象;finish;keep;mention;mind;miss;pardon;permit;prevent;delay;discuss;dislike;enjoy;escape;excuse;explain;imagine;postpone推迟推迟;practise;quit;recall记起记起;recommend推荐推荐;recollect记起记起;resist抵抗抵抗;risk冒险冒险;suggest;tolerate忍受忍受;understand9.I didnt know,for example,that it could do terrible damage to your heart and lungs or that it was more difficult for smoking couples to become pregnant.当初我不知道抽烟能严重侵害人的心脏和当初我不知道抽烟能严重侵害人的心脏和肺部肺部,也不知道吸烟的夫妇生育能力会下降。也不知道吸烟的夫妇生育能力会下降。解析解析:该句是一个包含两个宾语从句的主从该句是一个包含两个宾语从句的主从复合句。复合句。主句为主句为I didnt know。两个宾语从句分别为。两个宾语从句分别为it could do terrible damage to your heart and lungs和和it was more difficult for smoking couples to become pregnant,“or”连接这两个连接这两个宾语从句宾语从句,意为意为“也不也不(知道知道)”。I dont know.or.这个句型译为这个句型译为“我不知道我不知道,也不知也不知道道”。如。如:I dont know where to go or what to do.我不知道去哪里也不知道干什么。我不知道去哪里也不知道干什么。10.smell v.“闻起来闻起来”,连系动词连系动词,后接后接adj.,分词分词The flowers smell sweet.闻到闻到,嗅出嗅出,常与常与can,could 连用连用I can smell something burning.n.嗅觉嗅觉,气味气味,臭味臭味Taste and smell are closely connected.Theres a smell of cooking.-Whats that smell coming from the kitchen?-Hmm,it smells like fresh homemade bread.prepare(sb/sth)for sthto prepare a net for fishing准备捕鱼的鱼网准备捕鱼的鱼网to prepare the ground for the seeds.整理好土地准备播种整理好土地准备播种Mary is preparing herself for the test tomorrow.Will you help me prepare for the get-together of the old classmates?11.Prepare oneself过去分词过去分词 prepared 用于系表结构用于系表结构,意为意为“为为做好准备做好准备;打算打算”,常用于以下句式常用于以下句式:1)be prepared+for/against 如：如：They were prepared for the worst.他们已准备好应付最坏的情况。他们已准备好应付最坏的情况。I knew there were problems,but I was not prepared for this.我知道有些问题我知道有些问题,但却未防范这一点！但却未防范这一点！2)be prepared+不定式短语。如：不定式短语。如：They were prepared to go to work in the countryside.他们准备到农村去工作。他们准备到农村去工作。I am not prepared to listen to all your weak excuses.我不愿听你那些不成借口的借口。我不愿听你那些不成借口的借口。They were prepared to be friendly.他们打算和好。他们打算和好。12.Dont choose a day that you know is going to be stressful,such as the day of an exam.不要选择你明知有压力的日不要选择你明知有压力的日子子,例如要考试的那一天。例如要考试的那一天。解析解析:该句是一个主从复合句。主句为该句是一个主从复合句。主句为Dont choose a day,后接一个由后接一个由that引引导的定语从句修饰导的定语从句修饰a day,且这个定语从且这个定语从句包含一个插入语句包含一个插入语you know。such as起进一步补充说明的作用。起进一步补充说明的作用。13.Every time you feel like smoking a cigarette,remind yourself that you are a non-smoker.1)every time,each time,the first time等等引导时间状语从句。引导时间状语从句。Each time he came to Harbin,he would call on me.他每次来哈尔滨他每次来哈尔滨,总是来看我。总是来看我。2)feel like 意为意为“感到想要感到想要”,具体用法如下具体用法如下:后面接名词、代词或动词后面接名词、代词或动词ing 形式形式,表示表示“想要想要”某物或某物或“想要做想要做”某事。如某事。如:I feel like a drink.I dont feel like eating.“feel like”还有还有“感到像感到像,摸起来像摸起来像”的意思。如的意思。如:They made me feel like one of the family.This feels like silk.3)remind v.提醒提醒;使想起使想起,使记起使记起remind sb.of/about sth.提醒某人某物提醒某人某物/某事某事Be sure to remind her of the meeting she has to attend.务必提醒她要参加那次会议。务必提醒她要参加那次会议。remind sb.to do sth.提醒某人做某事提醒某人做某事Please remind me to post the letter.请提醒我寄那封信。请提醒我寄那封信。remind sb.that-clause 提醒某人提醒某人She reminded me that I hadnt written to mother.她提醒了我她提醒了我,我还没给妈妈写信。我还没给妈妈写信。What you said just now _ me of that American professor.2002上海上海A.mentioned B.informed C.reminded D.memorized解析解析:remind 提醒提醒;让让想起想起C reach for 伸手拿东西伸手拿东西reach v.1)延伸延伸;伸展伸展The ladder wont reach the window.2)到达到达They reached London.14.If you start to feel nervous or stressed,dont reach for a cigarette.reach n.伸手可及之距离伸手可及之距离within reach of the shops买东西很方便的地方买东西很方便的地方The ball was out of reach.我够不着这个球。我够不着这个球。15.ashamed/shameful adj.羞耻羞耻,惭愧的惭愧的 ashamed 做表语做表语,表示表示(人人)感到羞耻感到羞耻,惭愧的惭愧的 shameful 指事情或行为本身可耻指事情或行为本身可耻,不道德的。不道德的。用用ashamed或或shameful填空填空 1)The boy was _ to tell his mother that he had failed.2)I was _ of my _ behavior at that time.ashamedashamedshamefulComplete the sentences with words and phases from the text.Quiz1.Rice production has increased greatly in China over the last few years,largely _ super hybrid rice.2.Having lived in Hawaii all his life,he was not _ to the cold of Northern Europe.3.In spite of her wounded leg,she _ to get up the stairs.4.He told me the same story _ until I felt like screaming.due toaccustomedmanagedautomatically5.When I _ playing sport I become very fat and unhealthy.6.The doctor told him to _ the bad habit of smoking.7.One can become physically and _ addicted to nicotine.8.He tried many times but he gave it up _.9.This kind of flower _ so good.quit/quittedquitmentallyeventuallysmells10.He was _ of his body so he decided to go on a diet and do more exercise.11.With exams only a week away,I am under a lot of _.12._often take more risks than adults.13.Now that I am _ I eat a good diet because I want my baby to be born healthy.14.She cant see very well _ her glasses.stressashamedAdolescentspregnantin spite of15.When young he was _ _ watching cartoons and playing games online.16.He was _ _ having a walk alone in the garden after dinner.17.The girl has _ the habit of playing with her hair while reading.18.Its so hot today.I _ going swimming.addicted to accustomed togot intofeel likeHomework1.Make sentences with the following words and phrases:due to addicted to accustomed to automatically mentally manage pregnant quit decide on eventually2.Make a summary of the advice on how to stop smoking.Be sure to use your own words and no more than five sentences.
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