走出奥米勒斯城的人ppt课件

Lesson 9The Ones Who Walk Away from OmelasVariations on a Theme by William James Ursula Le GuinType of LiteraturevAllegorical Descriptionallegory1.What is allegory?2.Famous allegorical works?3.Categories of Allegory?4.Why authors use allegory?5.Tips to analyze allegory?6.Characteristics of allegory?allegoryvA literary device to use characters,objects,actions to represent an underlying meaning that is different from what they literally translate intoFamous Allegorical WorksvAesops Fables:“The Fox&the Grapes”“The Tortoise&the Hare”“The Ant&the Grasshopper”Famous Allegorical WorksvAnimal Farm:by George OrwellvPilgrims Progress:by John BunyanvGuillivers Travels:by Jonathan SwiftvThe Republic:by PlatovAvatar:by James CameronCategories of AllegoryvAbstract themesvPolitical allegoryvHistorical allegoryWhy Authors Use Allegory?vTo add layers to their worksvTo create well-rounded&multi-dimensional charactersvTo understand their views&beliefsvTo function as a submissive voice within state-controlled productionTips to Analyze AllegoryvAn allegory is not meant to be taken literally.vIt is a figure of speech to convey a deeper meaning.Characteristics of AllegoryvSymbolicvtwofoldThe Ones Who Walk Away From OmelasvUrsula K.Le GuinLe GuinvHer profile?vHer works?vHer awards?vHer themes?Le Guin(1929-)vBirthplace:Berkeley,California,U.S.vEducation:M.A.,Columbia UniversityvOccupation:novelistvGenres:science fiction,fantasyvPeriod:1962-present Her WorksvScience Fictions:vThe Left Hand of Darkness,1970v The dispossessed,1974vThe World for World is Forest,1976Fantasy series:EarthseavA wizard of Earthsea,1968vThe Tombs of Atuan,1971vThe Farthest Shore,1972vTehanu:The Last Book of Earthsea,1990 vTales from Earthsea,2001vThe Other Wind,2001 Awards:The Hugo Awardv The National Book Awardv The Nebula Awardthemesvto explore contemporary issues like colonialism&the Vietnam WarvTo reexamine many things like our cities,political&social structuresvTo focus more on sociological and anthropological sides of societiesvTo criticize contemporary civilizationvTo apply Taoist philosophy and feminismThe People Who Walk Away From OmelasvTheme?vMotivation?vCharacter?vHistorical context?vStructure?Theme(provocative)vHappiness is based on a just discrimination of what is necessary,what is neither necessary nor destructive,and what is destructive?MotivationvFrom the authors inspiration:vFrom the subtitle:vFrom the content:vSalem,OregonvWilliams pragmatismva philosophical questionCharacter:vThe ChildvLocked in a small room or closet with no windows,the child is dirty,naked,and malnourished.It receives only half a bowl of corn meal and grease a day and often sits in its own excrement.The narrator states that the child could be boy or a girl.It looks about six,but actually is nearly ten.It is feeble-minded.Perhaps it was born defective,or perhaps it has become imbecile through fearQuestions:vWhat is the authors motives for choosing such a weak character for the hero?vWhy is the destruction of this child so crucial to the happiness of the people of Omelas?vIs the life of a human being a fair price for Utopia?vIs it any less immoral to walk away?Historical Context(1973)vpolitical,social,and cultural upheaval vThe Vietnam WarvWestern FeminismvAnti-cultural Movement:vThe Hippie MovementvSex Liberation MovementvThe New Left Forces MovementStructure PartParragraph Main Idea 1-6focuses on the description of the happiness of the Omelas people 7-8focuses on the description of the misery and suffering of the child 9-12shows the attitude of most people and their reactions to the childs suffering 13-14offers the different attitudes and reactions of a fewAllegories&SymbolsvA symbol is a single object,person or idea that represent something else.vAn allegory is composed of a set of connected symbols.Stylistic FeaturesvForceful short paragraphs to introduce new topicsvRhetorical questions to punctuate her pointsvSpecific words to describe sound&color to paint a verbal picture of the city of OmelasvA variety of sentence structures to be foundvA variety of rhetorical questions to be foundSentence StructuresvLong periodic sentencesvLong loose sentencesvShort powerful sentencesvShort elliptical sentencesvAbsolute constructionsFigures of SpeechvSimilesvMetaphorsvSynaesthesiavTransferred epithetMost peoples attitudes&reactions:vInitially shocked,sickened,disgusted,outraged,impotent,saddenedvUltimately able to come to terms with the fact&resolved to live in such a matter as to the suffering of the unfortunate child worth itThe Ones Who Walk Away from OmelasvWho are these people?vWhy are they leaving?vWhere are they going?Who are these people?vIdealists?vEscapists?vRevolutionaries?vNihilists?vPerverts?Why are they leaving?vDisgusted?vFrightened?vSaddened?vdissatisfied?Where are they going?vMonastery?vHermitage?vA new utopian city?Is it any less immoral to walk away?vThe ones who walk away from Omelas are defined not by their refusal to be cruel but by their refusal to do anything about it.vAll the people there are evil&mindless&selfish.vSilent protest is really a feeble&pointless gesture.The city has no revolutionaries,no rebels,no radicals,no conscience,no philosophers.In a word,the city breeds no people who have a sense of justice&fairness.passionate&impassionedvPassionate speechvImpassioned speechvPassionate implies strong&violent emotion,often an impetuous kindvImpassioned implies an expression of emotion that is deeply&sincerely feltnave&artlessvHe had a nave belief in the kindness of others.vHe is an artless child,and everybody likes him.vHaving little knowledge or experience of life(=simple-minded)vSimple&honest(=open)wretched&sadva wretched womanva sad womanvPitiablevUnhappyvHe was _ at his departure.vThe unfortunate incident made him feel _ the whole day.marvelous&incrediblevToo unusual to be possiblevSo extraordinary as to be improbablevSo amazing that you find it hard to believevIt was a/an _ performance.vThe account cannot be dismissed as _.happy,glad,cheerful,joyful,joyousv a steady display of bright spirits or optimismvA great elation&rejoicingvCommonly used in merely polite formulas expression gratificationvJoyful newsvJoyous songpleasure,delight,joy,enjoymentvA high degree of obvious pleasurevA keenly felt,exuberant,demonstrative happinessvA quiet feeling of satisfactionvTo the teachers _,all his students passed the examination.vTo the _of her father,she won first prize.vHunting is his greatest _.barbarian,barbaric,barbarous,savagevPrimitive civilization,without further connotationvCrudeness&lack of restraintvCruelty&brutalityvMore primitive civilization than barbarian,greater fierceness&crueltybarbarian,barbaric,barbarous,savagevA barbarian peoplevBarbarian customsvHow can you approve of the barbaric sport of hunting?vKidnapping and raping is the most barbarous and inhuman atrocity.old,ancient,antique,archaicvHaving been in existence or use for a relatively long timevRefers to times long pastvDescribe sth that is valuable because its old,beautiful and rarevA literary use,primitive,old-fashionedanger,indignation,rage,fury,wrathvA feeling of resentful or revengeful displeasurevAnger aroused by sth.unjust,mean or insultingvViolent outburst of anger in which self-control is lostvFrenzied rage that borders on madnessvDeep indignation in desire to punish or get revenge 暴怒