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.WORD.格式. Lesson One A private conversation 私人谈话 First listen and then answer the question. 听录音，然后回答以下问题。 Why did the writer complain to the people behind him? Last week I went to the theatre. I had a very good seat. The play was very interesting. I did not enjoy it. A young man and a young woman were sitting behind me. They were talking loudly. I got very angry. I could not hear the actors. I turned round. I looked at the man and the woman angrily. They did not pay any attention. In the end, I could not bear it. I turned round again. I cant hear a word! I said angrily. Its none of your business, the young man said rudely. This is a private conversation!【参考译文】 上星期我去看戏。我的座位很好，戏很有意思，但我却无法欣赏。一青年男子与一青年女子坐在我的身后，大声地说着话。我非常生气，因为我听不见演员在说什么。我回过头去怒视着那一男一女，他们却毫不理会。最后，我忍不住了，又一次回过头去，生气地说：“我一个字也听不见了！” “不关你的事，”那男的毫不客气地说，“这是私人间的谈话！”【New Words and Expressions 生词与短语】private adj.私人的 public：公众的，公开的private citizen普通公民； private life：私生活its my private letter/house；private school 私立学校；public school 公立学校； public letter 公开信 ；public place 公共场所in private: 私下里的；in public: 公开的Why not have a conversation in public?privacy隐私 its a privacy. n.conversation n.谈话，比较正式一些subject of conversation：话题talk可以正式，也可以不正式（私人的）lets have a talk.They are having a conversation.conversation 用的时候比talk正式，意思上往往不非常正式.dialogue：对话China and Korea are having a dialogue. 正式chat: 闲聊 gossip:嚼舌头have a + talk/chat/dialogue/conversation/gossip 名词变动词theatre n.剧场，戏剧；cinema: 电影院seat n.座位 have a good seat (place)take a seat : 座下来，就座take your seat/take a seatIs the seat taken? 这个座位有人吗？no/yessit：sit down, pleaseseat：take your seat, pleasebe seated, please 更为礼貌seat是及物动词，后面有宾语sit是不及物动词，后面不加宾语sit he is sitting there.seat后面会加人; seat sb.; seat him; seat:让某人就座you seat him.【语法精粹】When all those present (到场者)_ he began his lecture.(重点题)A.sit B.set C.seated D.were seated sit, sit down; seat, be seated; take a seatangry adj. 生气的；angrily adv. 副词修饰动词cross=angry ; I was angry. He was cross.annoyed: 恼火的; I was annoyed.be blue in the face; I am blue in the face.attention n. 注意Attention, please. 请注意pay attention : 注意pay attention to : 对什么注意You must pay attention to that girl.pay a little attention :稍加注意pay much attention :多加注意pay more attention :更多注意pay no attention :不用注意bear(bore, borne) v. 容忍bear/stand/endure忍受的极限在加大I cant bear/stand you.endure : 忍受，容忍； put up with 忍受I got divorced. I could not put up with him.put up with=bear=standbear n.熊 white bear白熊、北极熊bear hug : 热情(热烈)的拥抱give sb. a bear hugbusiness n. 事business man :生意人； do business: 做生意go to some place on business:因公出差I went to Tianjin on business.thing 可以指事情,也可以指东西Its my business 私人事情its none of your businessrudely adv. 无礼地，粗鲁地；rude adj.【课文讲解】go to the theatre = see a film, go to the cinemago to the +地点 表示去某地干嘛go to the dairy 去牛奶店go to the + 人 + s 表示去这个人开的店go to the butchers 买肉 go to the doctors 去看病go to school: 去上学go to church: 去做礼拜go to hospital(医院):去看病go home; I am at home.跟home相连一定表示没有事情可做,回家休息enjoy, enjoy oneself:玩的开心enjoy+sth. : 喜欢, 从当中得到一种享受I like something very much. /I love something.I enjoy the music.过去进行时态 : 过去的某个时间正在发生的动作一个故事的背景往往用进行时态描述I+be+v(ing) were sitting :当时正座在The girl was reading a book in the garden. A boy came to her.got : 变得, 表示一种变化I am/was angry 是一个事实I got angry: 强调变化过程got取代be动词, got是一个半联系动词, 可以直接加形容词说话的时候喜欢用缩略. Im not, he isnt, they arent写的时候会说: I am not, he is not, they are notI didnt do sth., I did not do sth.hear:听见； hear+人:听见某人的话I could not hear you. Beg your pardon?I couldnt hear you. /I couldnt hear a word. /I couldnt catch your words.I couldnt hear you clearly. /I couldnt catch your words.Beg your pardon? /I couldnt catch your words.hear a word, a word 等于一句话hear a word of sb. (actors)He didnt say a word.May I speak to Jim?/May I have a word with Jim?Its none of your business. /None of your business. /Its my business.turn round:转头pay (any) attention表示注意；对什么加以注意pay attention to sth.This is private conversation!private : 私人的, 不想与别人共享【Key Structures关键句型】 陈述句一定是有主语,有动词,有宾语,有句号；简单陈述句一定不能少的是主语、动词主语动词宾语状语1 -主语一般有名词或代词构成2 -谓语由动词充当3 -宾语4 -副词或介词短语,对方式或状态提问,往往做状语 I like her very much5 -地点状语6 -时间状语可以放在句首或句末，先地点后时间I like the girl very much in Beijing last year. 如果问何时何地,是一个固定搭配 when and where【Multiple choice questions多项选择题】pay attention: 注意(在思想上)notice: 注意(=see 眼睛看)sitting behindbehind: 在.后面in front of :在.前面 (相对静止的概念)before : 在.前面 (+词、句子、一定和时间相连)above: 在.上面ahead of: 在.前面 (+时间、位置)(动态的行为)He arrived before six oclock.Before he came backHe goes ahead of me.特殊疑问词对后面的答案提问how(adv.) 对一个方式、状态提问；对形容词、副词、介词短语提问where 用介词,地点when 用介词,时间why 用because回答any用在否定句和疑问句中some用在肯定句中none没有任何东西、没有任何人 None knows./None of us knows.not any=nonot否定词,要放在非实义动词后面He didnt pay attentionno形容词、修饰名词I have no time./I dont have any time.suffer:遭受,忍受 (精神或肉体上)+痛苦bear: 忍受=standI suffer the headache.He often suffers defeat. Lesson two Breakfast or lunch? 早餐还是午餐？ First listen and then answer the question. 听录音，然后回答以下问题。Why was the writers aunt surprised? It was Sunday. I never get up early on Sundays. I sometimes stay in bed until lunchtime. Last Sunday I got up very late. I looked out of the window. It was dark outside. What a day! I thought. Its raining again. Just then, the telephone rang. It was my aunt Lucy. Ive just arrived by train, she said. Im coming to see you. But Im still having breakfast, I said. What are you doing? she asked. Im having breakfast, I repeated. Dear me, she said. Do you always get up so late? Its one oclock!【参考译文】 那是个星期天，而在星期天我是从来不早起的，有时我要一直躺到吃午饭的时候。上个星期天，我起得很晚。我望望窗外，外面一片昏暗。“鬼天气！”我想，“又下雨了。”正在这时，电话铃响了。是我姑母露西打来的。“我刚下火车，”她说，“我这就来看你。” “但我还在吃早饭，”我说。 “你在干什么？”她问道。 “我正在吃早饭，”我又说了一遍。 “天啊，”她说，“你总是起得这么晚吗？现在已经1点钟了！”【New Words and Expressions 生词与短语】until prep.直到 notuntil直到.才; 直到.为止I stay in bed until twelve oclock.I didnt get up until 12 oclock.后面加(时间状语)从句,前面就是主句1) His father didnt die until he came back. (否定)直到他回来,他爸爸才死。2) His father was alive until he came back. (肯定)直到他回来为止,他爸爸都是活着的。到他回来这一点之前,没死 : not die; 活的 : 不加not.把until作为时间终止线从句的时间终点之前, 这个动作做了还是没做?做了肯定; 没做否定.outside adv. 外面 作状语He is waiting for me outside.It is cold outside.ring(rang.rung) v.(铃、电话等)响 (刺耳的)The telephone(door bell) is ringing.jingle(bell): (铃儿) 响叮当给某人打电话 : ring sb.Tomorrow Ill ring you.打电话(名) : give sb. a ringremember to ring me/remember to give me a ring戒指(名词)aunt n.姑,姨,婶,舅妈uncle: 叔叔 cousin: 堂兄妹nephew: 外甥niece: 外甥女repeat v.重复【课文讲解】On Sundays: 所有的星期天,每逢星期天never: 从来不 (可以直接用在动词前面)=not (变成否定句,前面一定要加助动词)I dont like her.=I never like her.因为是上个星期,所以时态不是一般现在时。look out of :朝窗外看从.里:from,out ofWhat a day?What + a + n.感叹句It is terrible day.= What a terrible day!hataan (+a.)(主语谓语）What a terrible day!what a good girl (she is)!What a day!有上下文和一定的语境，才能省略形容词。just then: 就在那时；just只会出现在现在完成时如果不知道对方性别，可以用it取代Who are you?/Who is it ?by trainby 直接加交通工具（不能有任何修饰词，复数）I go out by bus/on two buses.如果加修饰词，就要换掉byIm coming to see you. 我将要来看你。be coming 表示一般将来go, come leave, arrive, land, meet, die, start, return, join.【Key structures 关键句型】Now, often and Always 表示现在和经常发生的动作Now现在进行时（说话的当时正在发生，现阶段正在发生）Often ad Always一般现在时，是一种习惯，真理，是过去，现在和未来都会发生的事情。He is still sleeping. 他现在还在睡觉。频率副词往往放在句子中间，实义动词前，非实义动词后。非实义动词：1. 系动词（be)2. 助动词：帮助动词构成时态的(do, does, will, shall, have, had, has)3. 情态动词：（must, can, may)4. are you doing; am leaving; (用进行时态表达将来时:go,come.leave,arrive, join, return, die, land, meet)go(I go to bed hungry.形容词做状语）(rarely 很少）【Special Difficulties难点】 What+a/an+a.+n.+主语+谓语；What 对名词感叹He is causing a lot of trouble名词:trouble主语:he动词:is causingWhat (a lot of) trouble( he is causing)!【Multiple choice questions】not early late(adj./adv.) 晚的、迟的 lately(adv.) 最近 =recently (How are you going lately?)look(vi.):表示看的动作；后面一定要加介词 see(vt.) : 表示看的结果；后面直接加宾语 watch : 表示观看; 后面直接加宾语，但宾语一定是能够活动的东西lunch中餐； food食物； dinner正餐； meal一顿饭频率副词,放在实义动词前，非实义动词后;如果即有实义动词又有非实义动词要放在两个之间疑问句中副词往往放在主语的后面 Lesson three Please Send Me a Card 请给我寄一张明信片 First listen and then answer the question.听录音，然后回答以下问题。How many cards did the writer send?Postcards always spoil my holidays. Last summer, I went to Italy. I visited museums and sat in public gardens. A friendly waiter taught me a few words of Italian. Then he lent me a book. I read a few lines, but I did not understand a word. Everyday I thought about postcards. My holidays passed quickly, but I did not send cards to my friends. On the last day I made a big decision. I got up early and bought thirty-seven cards. I spent the whole day in my room, but I did not write a single card!【参考译文】 明信片总搅得我假日不得安宁。去年夏天，我去了意大利。我参观了博物馆，还去了公园。一位好客的服务员教了我几句意大利语，之后还借给我一本书。我读了几行，但一个字也不懂。我每天都想着明信片的事。假期过得真快，可我还没有给我的朋友们寄过一张明信片。到了最后一天，我作出了一项重大决定。我早早起了床，买来了37张明信片。我在房间里关了整整一天。然而竟连一张明信片也没写成！【New Words and Expressions 生词与短语】send v. 寄，(通过第三人去)送； take: 某人亲自送send sth.to sb./send sb.sth.give sb.sth./give sth.to sb.send/take children to schoolpostcard n. 明信片send him a cardname card/visiting card : 名片Here is my name card.ID card:身份证credit card:信用卡cash card 现金支取卡；提款卡spoil(spoiled or spoilt) v. 使索然无味，损坏spoil: 把东西的质量变得不好；生活中不顺心的事;宠坏，溺爱His parents spoiled the boy. 宠坏This spoiled my day.What you said spoiled me.His arrival spoiled my holiday.break: 打破； damage: 破坏，程度不一定很重 destroy：破坏，彻底摧毁museum n. 博物馆Palace Museum:故宫public adj. 公共的-privatepublic school/place/house(pub:酒吧)friendly adj. 友好的； lovely adj. 可爱的；令人愉快的；爱恋的；秀丽的，优美的； n. 美女；可爱的东西waiter n. 服务员，招待员 waiter；waitress chief waiter 领班shop assistant 售货员、店员attendant adj. 伴随的；侍候的； n. 服务员，侍者；随员，陪从lend v. 借给；borrow from 向借lend sth.to sb.lend sb.sth.decision n. 决定； v. decidemake a big/great decisionwhole adj. 整个的all the.the whole.single adj. 唯一的，单一的； double n. v. adj. adv.【课文讲解】and 先后往往是对等的概念teach sb.sth.send/lend/teach sb.sth.send/lend/teach sth. to sb.I can speak a little English/a few words of English.think about 考虑，思考；think over 仔细考虑last:表示上一个或最后一个，表示最后一个时要加冠词theI spend the whole day in my room.spend+时间+地点I spend three hours in the sea.I spend my weekend at my mothers.I spend three hours in the classroom everyday.I spend a lot of time in traffic jam.【Special Difficulties】双宾语：直接宾语（表示动作结果）和间接宾语（动作目标）give sb.sth.sb.: 间接宾语sth.: 直接宾语间接宾语在后面时，其前必须加to(对而言）或for（为而做）give a book to me. I buy a book for youtake flowers to my wife.order soup for you.可以翻译为给、替、为的，就用for; 如果只能翻译为给的，就用to。与for相连的 buy,order,make,findfind sth.for sb.do sb.a favor 帮某人一个忙Do me a favor please./Do a favor for me.【Multiple choice questions】找特殊疑问词的时候一定要根据答案来决定， who-whom人做主语提问who 对宾语提问whom如果对主语提问，则句子的的语序和陈述句语序一样如果对非主语来提问，则句子要使用特殊疑问词一般疑问句的语序in.way :以.方式friendly单独用，形容词，一般做定语来用作为状语表示这个人做什么事情很友好，用短语in a friendly wayall of 后面如果加代词，代词前面不需要修修饰词一旦要加名词，前面一定要加theall of the friends all of the studentslatest:最新的latest news latest stylethink about:考虑、思考、想make up ones mind:下定决心change ones mind:改变主意make a wish: 愿望 Lesson 4 An exciting trip 激动人心的旅行 First listen and then answer the question.听录音，然后回答以下问题。Why is Tim finding this trip exciting?I have just received a letter from my brother, Tim. He is in Australia. He has been there for six months. Tim is an engineer. He is working for a big firm and he has already visited a great number of different places in Australia. He has just bought an Australian car and has gone to Alice springs, a small town in the centre of Australia. He will soon visit Darwin. From there, he will fly to Perth. My brother has never been abroad before, so he is fending this trip very exciting.【参考译文】 我刚刚收到弟弟蒂姆的来信，他正在澳大利亚。他在那儿已经住了6个月了。蒂姆是个工程师，正在一家大公司工作，并且已经去过澳大利亚的不少地方了。他刚买了一辆澳大利亚小汽车，现在去了澳大利亚中部的小镇艾利斯斯普林斯。他不久还将到达达尔文去，从那里，他再飞往珀斯。我弟弟以前从未出过国，因此，他觉得这次旅行非常激动人心。【New Words and Expressions 生词与短语】excite v. 激动exciting adj. 令人兴奋的 -ing:令人感到excited adj.兴奋的；激动的；活跃的 v. -ed: 自己感到exciting boy；interesting manThe man is interesting.The news exciting, I am excited.其宾语一定是人The news excited me.让后面的人感到interesting:令人感到有趣的interested: 感到有意思的The book interests me.receive v. 接受，收到accept同意接收receive客观的收到This morning I received a bunch of flowers from a boy, but I didnt accept it.receive/have receive/have a letter from somebody.take the exam：接收考试； take advice接收建议firm n. 商行，公司；company n. 公司；陪伴同伴；vi. 交往 vt. 陪伴different adj. 不同的centre n. 中心abroad adv. 在国外，副词，直接和动词连用go abroadlive abroadstudy abroad【课文讲解】has been + in 地点He has been in America for tow years.work for work in 强调地点work for强调workI am working for a school.I am working in the New Oriental school.a great number of =a lot ofa great number of 后面一定要加可数名词复数a lot of 可加可数名词也可加不可数名词I have a lot of friends.I have a great number of friends.has gone to 去了某地没回来has been to 曾经去过某地，现在不在那个地方Have you been to Paris?soon很快（时间）from there从那地方起from 即可以加时间又可以加地点from half past 8 to half past 11from Beijing to Tianjingfly to Perth: go to Perth by airbefore副词，在此之前,现在完成时态的标志find trip excitingfind +宾语+形容词做宾补find the room cleanfind her happy【语法精粹】下面表示状态、感觉、情绪、精神活动的动词不可用于进行时believe;doubt see hear know understand belong thinkconsider feel look seem show mind have sound taste require possess care like hate love detest desirearrive不能和断时间连用用进行时态表示将来时态的：go, come, leave, arrive下面几个词一出现就标志着完成式：just, before, already, receive, take他到某地有多久了。He has been.I have been here for three years.find发现，找到find the book dirtyfind+n.+a.【Multiple choice questions】at.表示位置be at.(典型表示位置的介词短语）go to.只要有to这个感念，它的后面一定要有宾语，go to the theatergo in.(in 做副词）很小加宾语He went in.go into.有去向的动作，还有进入的动作 go into the roommove 搬家move in搬进来move to the new house正在搬move into搬进去了how long.对段时间提问，跟现在完成时相连 Lesson five No wrong numbers 无错号之虞 First listen and then answer the question.听录音，然后回答以下问题。What does No wrong numbers mean?Mr.James Scott has a garage in Silbury and now he has just bought another garage in Pinhurst. Pinhurst is only five miles from Silbury, but Mr. Scott cannot get a telephone for his new garage, so he has just bought twelve pigeons. Yesterday, a pigeon carried the first message from Pinhurst to Silbury. The bird covered the distance in three minutes. Up to now, Mr.Scott has sent a great many requests for spare parts and other urgent messages from one garage to the other. In this way, he has begun his own private telephone service.【参考译文】 詹姆斯.斯科特先生在锡尔伯里有一个汽车修理部，现在他刚在平赫斯特买了另一个汽车修理部。平赫特离锡尔伯里只有5英里，但詹姆斯.斯科特先生未能为他新的汽车修理部搞到一部电话机，所以他买了只鸽子。昨天，一只鸽子把第一封信从平赫特带到锡尔伯里。这只鸟只用了3分钟就飞完了全程。到目前为止，斯科特先生从一个汽车修理部向另一个发送了大量索取备件的信件和其他紧急函件。就这样，他开始自己的私人“电话”业务。【New Words and Expressions 生词与短语】pigeon n. 鸽子Its not my pigeon. 这不是我的过错None of my business.message n. 信息information.不可数leave sb. a message:给.留便条Ill leave you a message.take a message for sb.:替.捎口信Can I take a message for you?Can you take a message for me?cover v. 越过cover:覆盖cover+距离：越过cover the distancedistance n. 距离 （远距离的）Importance n.)重要important a.)重要的different:(a.) 不同的 difference：（n.)不同 keep distance:保持距离request n. 要求，请求 request for: 对.有请求，有需求 I have a request for the cake. request sb.to do sth.要求某人做ask sb.to do sth. require sb.to do sth. you are required/asked to do.spare part 备件service n. 业务，服务； serve:(v.) 服务，接待 I am glad to be at your service. 我很乐意为您效劳Thank you.You are welcome./Not at all./Thats (all)right./(Its) My pleasure./Thats ok.Thank you for your listening.No thanks.【课文讲解】garage:车库，车行another:其它的很多个中的一个；other: 其它的How for.? 多远 How far(away) is the bus stop? How far is your home(from here)? My home is ten miles away from here.get a telephone:得到电话，安装电话for为了just.完成时态from.to.:从一个地点的另外一个地点carry带着，携带 I take my sister to the cinema. I carried my son. I carry the bag.cover the distance:飞过那段距离up to now:到现在为止(现在完成时)request for:对.的需求a great many:许多（可数名词复数）a great number of：许多（可数名词复数）urgent:紧急的sth.urgent:紧急的事情another:其它中的一个（单数名词）the other:两个之中的另外一个one.the otherother:(a.)+n. 其它的 Some boys are playing football, and others are rowing/going boat. One is watering the flowers, and the other is reading. Can you show me another?【Special Difficulties】in this way:这样,以这种方式in a friendly wayin a way : 从某种意义上来说in the way:挡路；out of the way:让路by the way:随便说一声，随便问一下（开头转移话题，随意）on the way（to):在去.的途中（陈述句）in the family way:怀孕了，快有小孩了on the way to school/the office,on the way home.In a way, you are kind.Sorry, you are in the way.Get out of the way.The woman is in the family way.in the way, 这种方式 I do.in the way you showed me. I fly the kite in the way you showed me.in a way.从某种意义上来说get ones own way:随心所欲soon:不久以后，for a short time:不久，表示动作延续一段时间soon:不久以后,在这段时间之后,强调的是时间上的快 shortly=soon.不久以后in a hurry匆忙的指的是动作【Multiple choice questions】so表示前面是原因，后面是结果Thats why :那就是为什么，前者是原因 Thats why+从句：那就是.原因，前者是原因，后者why后面是结果 I was caught in the traffic jam. Thats why I was late.be动词后面是表语，后面的从句是表语从句Thats后面的表语从句常常用特殊疑问词引导，再加一个句子Thats when we can start class.Thats where we will have a meeting.Thats how I get to school.an/a是冠词his/my/your是形容词性物主代词my mothers是名词所有格在语法上，以上三个词是不能同时并存的，一般要用只能用其中一个a bag/my bag； his形容词物主代词.one.the other.another另外一个another=an+otheranother=an+otheranother强调的是剩下的还有好几个当中的一个，强调的是有三个以上other其它的，加单数就表示一个，his取代the的位置语法的范围正在放宽松else其他的疑问代词，who else, what else can I do for you?anyone else, anything else?不定代词else会放在被修饰词的后面，会修饰两种词，疑问词和不定代词【时态填空】never属于频率副词，频率副词一定会放在实义动词之前，非实义动词之后in the first World War, in+具体的过去年代是具体的过去时间，一般过去时When,对时间点提问要不然和将来时连用，When will you do sth.?如果确定不和将来时连用，一般情况When的出现意味着一般过去时up till now/up to now, yet现在完成时现在完成时会用How long定位动词的时态的第一种概念：根据这句话本身找关键词完形填空一句话的出的结论不一定是正确的，往往要根据上下文的时间得出时态Lesson 6 Percy Buttons 珀西.巴顿斯 First listen and then answer the question. 听录音，然后回答以下问题。 Who is Percy Buttons? I have just moved to a house in Bridge Street. Yesterday a beggar knocked at my door. He asked me for a meal and a glass of beer. In return for this, the beggar stood on his head and sang songs. I gave him a meal. He ate the food and drank the beer. Then he put a piece of cheese in his pocket and went away. Later a neighbour told me about him. Everybody knows him. His name is Percy Buttons. He calls at every house in the street once a month and always asks for a meal and a glass of beer.New Words and Expressions 生词和短语【参考译文】我刚刚搬进了大桥街的一所房子。昨天一个乞丐来敲我的门，问我要一顿饭和一杯啤酒。作为回报，那乞丐头顶地倒立起来，嘴里还唱着歌。我给了他一顿饭。他把食物吃完，又喝了酒。然后把一块乳酪装进衣袋里走了。后来，一位邻居告诉了我他的情况。大家都认识他，他叫珀西.巴顿斯。他每月对这条街上的每户人家光顾一次，总是请求给他一顿饭和一杯啤酒。【New Words and Expressions 生词与短语】beggar n. 乞丐beg v.乞求I beg your pardon?ask
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