比较句式的翻译放映.ppt

比较句式的译法 比较句式的译法 这里主要介绍三种比较句式： 等比句式 差比句式 极比句式 择比句式 1等比句式： 等比句式表示两个相比较的事物处于同样 的情况，一般译作 “ 同样 ” 、 “ 与 一 样”、“既 又 ”。 A 由 as as引导 -The gift pleased her as much as what her husband had expected. 像她丈夫所期望的那样，这件礼物让她很 高兴。 -Army and people are as inseparable as fish and water. 军民关系，如同鱼和水一样，密不可分。 含有否定意义的情况： -It is a pity that journalists arent a tenth as good at receiving criticism as they are at dishing it out. 令人遗憾的是，新闻记者很善于批评别 人，却极不善于接受批评。 B 由 no more/less than ， no more/less than , not any more than引导的句子 由 no more than , no more than 和 not any more than引导，表示 前者与后者一致，翻译为： “ 不 正如 不 ” 、 “ 和 一 样（不） ” 。例如： -He could no more be a valet than he could be a stockbroker or a wire-walker. 贴身男仆的活他干不了 ,就像他当不了证券经 纪人 ,也走不了钢丝一样。 -There was a huge library near the riverfront, but I knew that Negroes were not allowed to patronize its shelves any more than they were the parks and playgrounds of the city. 该市江边有一个很大的图书馆 ,但我知道 是不允许黑人去光顾它的书架的 ,正如不 许黑人进入市里的公园和体育场一样 。 -The greatness of a people is no more determined by their number than the greatness of a man is determined by his height. 一个民族的伟大不取决于其人口多少 ,正 如一个人的伟大不取决于他的身高。 由 no less than 或 no less than 引导，相当与 asas, 通常翻译成“同样”， “既 也 .”例如： -As regards our foreign policy, it is no less our interest than our duty to maintain the most friendly relations with other countries. 关于我们的对外政策 ,维持和其他国家的友好 关系 ,既是我们的义务 ,也同样是我们的利益。 C句型 A is to B what C is to D, 译作 “ A 对于 B, 如同 C对于 D”。 -A pen is to a writer what a gun to a soldier. 作家的笔如同战士的枪。 -Air is to us what water is to fish. 空气对于我们，犹如水对于鱼一样（重 要）。 D由 may as well as 引导 ,译作 ” 可 以 同样也可 ” ;由 might as well as 引 导 ,译作 ” 不可 同样不可 ” 。 -One may as well watch TV at home as go to cinema. 人们在家看电视 ,如同到电影院看电影一样。 -One might as well expect the leopard to change its spots as expect him to change his hot temper. 如果指望他改掉火爆脾气 ,还不如指望豹子去掉 身上的斑点。 2差比句式 A由 more than, less than 引导 , 通常 可译作 “ 与其说 不如说 ” 。例如 : *两个形容词相比： -He is more diligent than clever. 与其说他聪明，不如说他用功。 -It seems that I hadnt the faintest idea what “this matter” was, but I was more annoyed than interested. 我一点儿也不知道 “ 这件事 ” 是指什么， 但我兴趣不大，倒觉得厌烦。 *两个名词相比： -He is more of a good teacher than a helpful friend. 他是益友，更是良师。 -It was a curious exchange, less a debate than a quarrel between the old couple. 这是一次奇妙的交锋，与其说是老夫妇 之间的一场辩论，不如说是一次争吵。 -Fitness is being pursued by millions who realize that their medical fate lies more in their own than in their physicians hands. 成千上万的人追求健康，因为他们认识 到，自己的健康状况与其说是掌握在医 生手里，倒不如说是由自己掌握的。 B由 more than引导的比较句 用在 名词 前，译作 :“不仅仅是 ” ,“不 只是 ” （与 no more than恰恰相反， 它是 “ 只是 ”“ 仅仅 ” 的意思）。 -The first object observed by Galileo, naturally enough, was the Moon. He was the first to see more than the shadows that peoples imaginations has made into shapes. 伽利略观察的第一个天体自然是月球。他所 看到的已 不再仅仅 是被人们相象成各种形态 的阴影。 More than用在 动词 前，译作： “ 不仅仅 ” 、 “ 远远 ” 、 “ 大 大地 ” -You will come to understand that the gold medals will more than bring you honor. 你会逐渐明白金牌不仅仅给你带来荣誉。 More than 用在 形容词 前，译作 “ 分 外 ” 、 “ 非常 ” 、 “ 岂止 而已 ” 。 -Reagan was more than cordid to Ford as they met for 65 minutes. 在 65分钟的会谈中，里根对福特表现得分外 亲切。 -To our great surprise, they were more than delighted to stay in the crowded town. 令我们大为惊讶的是，他们竟很乐意呆在拥 挤不堪的城里。 C all/none/so much + the +比较级， 译作 “ 更加 ” 、 “ 还是 ” 。 -Her mother asked her to stop playing water, but she only did it all the more. 她母亲叫她别再玩水了，但她却玩得更厉害 了。 -The skirt hung in the cupboard is no longer fashionable nowadays, but I treasure it none the less. 挂在厨子里的那条裙子现在已不再流行了， 而我还是珍惜它。 -So much the worse for you if you do not follow the instructions. 如果你不按说明去做，那就更糟了。 -Her letter says that she is none the wiser for my patient explanation. 她来信说，听了我耐心的解释以后，还 是不明白。 D not so much as ，译作 “ 与 其说是 不如说是 ” ，否定前面 的，肯定后面的。 -The boy is not so much unintelligent as uneducated. 与其说这男孩不聪明，不如说他没受过教育。 -According to the new school of scientists, science moves forward not so much through the insights of great men of genius as because of more ordinary things like improved techniques and tools. 根据新学派的科学家的观点，科学的发展与其说是源 于天才伟人的真知灼见，不如说是由于改进的技术和 工具等更为普遍的东西。 -The guy got promoted not so much by his utter devotion to his work as by fawning upon his superior. 那老兄得到提升，与其说是靠对工作的 完全投入，不如说是靠巴结上司。 -It was not so much his appearance I appreciated as his personality. 与其说我欣赏他的外表，不如说我欣赏 他的性格。 E no/nothing/never/little/more than, 常译作 “ 不过是 ” 、 “ 就是 ” 、 “ 只是 ” -One can tell the difference almost at a glance for a spider always has eight legs and an insect never more than six. 人们只要瞥一眼就能看出蜘蛛和昆虫的 区别，因为蜘蛛总是有八条腿，而昆虫 的腿只有六条。 3极比句式 A as as any, 常译作 “ 最 ” 。 -Mark Twain was as humorous as any writer in the world. 马克 吐温是世界上最幽默的作家。 -It is said that the weather here is as agreeable as any in the whole country. 据说，这儿的天气是全国最宜人的。 类似的词组还有： As fast as any can be, as soon as any possible, as romantic as any imaginable, as early as any permissible, as high as any attainable 。 B否定词比较级结构和类似 nothing is more than, few things are more than, nothing is as as这样的结构，常译作 “ 没有 比 更 ” 或 “ 最 ”。 -He claimed that few are better qualified for the job than he is. 他宣称没有什么人比他做这工作更合适 了。 -No issue is more emotion-rousing than food, because no issue is as basic to individual and national survival as food. 没有什么问题比粮食更能激起人们的情 绪，因为粮食是个人和国家生存的最根 本的问题。 C the last+ n . 常译作 “ 极少可能 的 ” 、 “ 极端的 ” 、 “ 最不适当 的 ” 。 -He would be the last man to say such words. 他绝不会说这种话。 -The aggressors committed the last crime in World War II. 在第二次世界大战中，侵略者犯下了最 恶劣的罪行。 D no + amount/degree/effort +of, 译作 “ 即使最 ” 。 -No amount of facts can prove that he is innocent. 再多的事实也证明不了他是无辜的。 4. 择比句 “ 宁愿 也不 ” -Modern people prefer living in the suburbs to squeezing in downtown. 现代人宁愿住在郊区，也不愿挤在市中心。 -The poor girl would sooner die than marry that rich old man. 那个可怜的女孩宁死也不愿嫁给那个有钱的 老头子。 Exercises 1. The computer is a far more careful and industrial inspector than human beings. 2. Americans have a warmth and friendliness which is less superficial than many foreigners think. 3. No man thinks more highly than I do of the patriotism, as well as abilities, of the very worthy gentlemen who have just addressed the house. 4. I was all the more delighted when, as a result of the initiative of your Government, it proved possible to reinstate the visit so quickly. Homework 1. In no country other that England, it had been said, can one experience four seasons in the course of a single day. 2. This symbol, however, has always been inadequate and misleading, for technology has always been more than factories and machines. 3. Rather than a punishment or a burden, work is the opportunity to realize ones potential. 4. A home without love is no more a home than a body without a soul is a man. 5. Sunlight is no less necessary than fresh air to a healthy condition of body. 6. Success in life does not depend so much on ones school record as on ones honesty and diligence. 7. Money is the last thing he wants, and you wont succeed by offering it. 8. He would rather resign than take part in such dishonest business deals. 9. A man who has received a kindness cannot be too grateful for it. 10. A book may be compared to your neighbor; if it be good, it cannot last too long; if bad, you cannot get rid of it too early.