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第四章 句子的翻译 4.1 主语的确定 4.1.1 以原句主语作译文主语 （ 1）我们的房子是一百多年前建造的。 Our house was built over a hundred years ago. 人有失错，马有漏蹄。 As a horse may tumble, so a man may make mistakes. 4.1.2 重新确定主语 他的 身材 魁梧，生一副大厂方脸，嘴巴阔大，肌肤 呈着 (suffuse)紫檀色 (red sandalwood) 。 He was a giant of a man with a long square face, a wide mouth and a complexion suffused with the colour of red sandalwood. 世纪之交， 中国 外交空前活跃。 A: The diplomatic activities of China are very active at the turn of the century. B: At the turn of the century, China is very active in its diplomatic activities. C: The turn of the century finds China most active on the diplomatic arena. 胎又瘪了。 We ve got another flat tire. 树缝里也漏着一两点路灯光，没精打采的， 是瞌睡人的眼。 Here and there a few rays from street-lamps filtered through the trees, listless as the eyes of one who is dozing. 人不可貌相，海水不可斗量。 It is impossible to judge people from their appearance, and impossible to measure the ocean by pints. We can t judge people from their appearance, just as we can t measure the ocean by pints. 4.1.3 无主句的译法 -增补主语 沉默呵，沉默呵！不在沉默中爆发，就在沉 默中灭亡。 Silence, silence! Unless we burst out, we shall perish in this silence! 起大风了。 It s blowing hard. 下雨了 /下雪了 There be 结构 /It +be+to结构 哪里有路，哪里就有希望。 Where there is a road, there is hope. 去一趟很有必要。 It is quite necessary to pay a visit. 请勿吸烟 No Smoking 禁止停车 No Parking 请讲话声音大一点。 Please speak a bit louder. 需要定期维修。 咱们把一切按时准备好。 这件事中国人的经验太多。 他总是开着窗户睡觉。 上海的几条主要街道从日出到日落这段时间里 禁止自行车通行。 周末睡懒觉也会打乱人体的日夜周期。 他的想象中出现了一幅幅世界帝国的景象。 中国的富强与发展不会对任何国家构成威胁。 需要定期维修。 咱们把一切按时准备好。 这件事中国人的经验太多。 他总是开着窗户睡觉。 上海的几条主要街道从日出到日落这段时间里 禁止自行车通行。 周末睡懒觉也会打乱人体的日夜周期。 他的想象中出现了一幅幅世界帝国的景象。 中国的富强与发展不会对任何国家构成威胁。
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