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零起点基础英语4.txt心态决定状态,心胸决定格局,眼界决定境界。当你的眼泪忍不住要流出来的时候,睁大眼睛,千万别眨眼,你会看到世界由清晰到模糊的全过程。第三部分基本语法从今天开始我们学习基本语法,也就是生活中常用的语法。一、be动词(am, is, are)一般时的人称变化形式be 动词,也称为系动词,包括am, is, are,他们的意思都是:是。也可以说这三个动词形式的原形是动词 be,因此一般称它们为be 动词。be 动词用的很多,后面可以跟各式各样的表语。1.be 动词的肯定式例如:I am a teacher. 我是一位老师。 (be动词后面加名词) I am a worker. 我是一位工人。 (名词) I am busy. 我很忙。 (be动词后面加形容词) He is a student. 他是一位学生。(名词) She is a clever girl. 她是一位聪明的女孩儿。(名词) It is a black cat. 它是一只黑猫。(名词) Mary is my sister. 玛丽是我姐姐。 (名词) The bag is red. 书包是红色的。 (形容词) We are happy. 我们很快乐。 (形容词) They are doctors. 他们是医生。 (名词) You are a good student. 你是一位好学生/ 你是好学生。 (名词) You are good students. 你们是好学生。(加名词) The boys are in the park now. 这些男孩正在公园里。 (介词词组) These flowers are beautiful 这些花非常漂亮。(形容词) 从以上例子可以得出,be动词应该随着主语人称的变化而变化:I amhe/ she /it /名词的单数形式 iswe/ you(你、你们)/ they(他们)/ 名词的复数形式 are注意,be 动词(系动词)前面的为主语,后面的是表语,所以叫做主-系-表结构。如:I am a teacher. I 是主语, am 是系动词,a teacher 是表语。所以这个句子为主系表结构。因为它是肯定说明某一事实情况,也为肯定句。2.be 动词的否定式好,大家再看下面的例子:I am not a teacher. 我不是一位老师。I am not a worker. 我不是一位工人。I am not busy. 我不忙。(注意缩写形式:I am =Im aim, I am not =Im not)Im not busy. 我不忙。He is not a student. 他不是一位学生。She is not a clever girl. 她不是一位聪明的女孩儿。It is not a black cat. 它不是一只黑猫。Mary is not my sister. 玛丽不是我姐姐。The bag is not red. 书包不是红色的。注意缩写形式:is not =isnt izntHe isnt a student.Mary isnt my sister.We are not happy. 我们不快乐。They are not doctors. 他们不是医生。You are not a good student. 你不是一位好学生/ 你不是好学生。You are not good students. 你们不是好学生。The boys are not in the park now. 这些男孩不在公园里。These flowers are not beautiful. 这些花不漂亮。are not = arent a:ntWe arent happy.They arent doctors.The boys arent in the park now.以上含not的句子均为否定句,否定说明某事。I am your sister.(肯定句) I am not your sister.(否定句)Im a driver. Im not a driver. (我是一名司机 我不是一名司机)3.be 动词的一般疑问式咱们再看下面的句子:He is a student. Is he a student? 他是一位学生吗?She is a clever girl. Is she a clever girl? 她是一位聪明的女孩儿吗?The bag is red. Is the bag red? 书包是红色的吗?以上三个带问号的句子都提出了问题,为一般疑问句。这类问句一般多用声调。他们通常以yes和no来回答,再如:Is he a student? 他是一位学生吗?Yes, he is. 是的,他是。 或者:No, he isnt. 不,他不是。Is she a clever girl? 她是一位聪明的女孩儿吗?Yes, she is. 是的,她是。 或者:No, she isnt. 不,她不是。Is the bag red? 书包是红色的吗?Yes, it is. 是的,它是。 或者:No, it isnt. 不,它不是。Are they doctors? 他们是医生吗?Yes, they are. 是的,他们是。或者:No, they arent. 不,他们不是。Are you good students? 你们是好学生吗?Yes, we are. 是的,我们是。 或者:No, we arent. 不,我们不是。Are these flowers beautiful? 这些花漂亮吗?Yes, they are. 是的,它们漂亮。或者:No, they arent. 不,它们不漂亮。I am a teacher. Are you a teacher? 你是一位老师吗?Yes, I am. 是的,我是。 No, I am not. 不,我不是。(am not一般不能缩写)I am a worker. Are you a worker? 你是一位工人吗?Yes, I am. 是的,我是。 No, I am not. 不,我不是。I am busy. Are you busy? 你很忙吗?Yes, I am. 是的,我是。 No, I am not. 不,我不是。4.Be动词 + 主语 + ?例句:Is he a student? 他是一位学生吗?Yes, he is. 是的,他是。这是肯定回答,Yes,+主语+be动词No, he isnt. 不,他不是。这是否定回答,No, +主语+be动词+notAre they doctors? 他们是医生吗?Yes, they are. 是的,他们是。肯定回答,Yes,+主语+be动词No, they arent. 不,他们不是。否定回答,No, +主语+be动词+notAre you a worker? 你是一位工人吗?Yes, I am. 是的,我是。No, I am not. 不,我不是。注意:I am a worker. 我是一位工人,改为问句一定要用:Are you a worker? 你是一位工人吗?一般不说成我是一位工人吗问句中的you 回答时应该为I(I 在句中永远大写)问句中还要注意这样的例子:Is Alice a teacher? Alice 是一位老师吗?回答:Yes , she is. 是的,她是。/ No, she isnt. 不,她不是。注意:回答时要把主语的人名换成代词,女士用she,男士用he。如果是女孩们the girls,就用they(他们)。男孩们the boys 也用they(他们)。也就是说,只要是名词复数就用 they(他们)代替。练习:I am a doctor. Are you a doctor? 肯定回答: Yes, I am. I am busy. Are you busy? 否定回答: No, I am not.They are blue bags. Are they blue bags ?肯定:Yes, they are.These flowers are beautiful. Are these flowers beautiful?肯定: Yes, they are.The doctors are kind. Are the doctors kind? 否定:No, they arent. It is a black cat. Is it a black cat?否定:No, it isnt.Sally is a clever girl. Is Sally a clever girl?肯定: Yes, she is.复习:肯定句中,我们须注意的是 be 动词随主语的变化而变化,也就是说 am, is ,are 用在哪些词的后面是一定的。I amHe/she/it/名词的单数形式isWe/you (你、你们)/they(他们)/名词的复数形式are I am a teacher. 我是一位老师。I am a worker. 我是一位工人。I am busy. 我很忙。否定句中,我们须注意的是要把not 放在be 动词am, is, are 的后面,它们的缩写形式是 Im not, isnt arent。I am your sister. I am not your sister.Im a driver. Im not a driver.She is a clever girl. She isnt a clever girl.The bag is red. The bag isnt red.Your pen is on the desk. Your pen isnt on the desk.You are a worker. You arent a worker.These flowers are beautiful. These flowers arent beautiful.一般疑问句中,我们须注意的是:1.把be 动词 am, is,are 放在句子的最前面,第一个字母大写。2.肯定回答和否定回答,在回答时要注意主语必须用代词,就是把问句中的名词用代词代替。3.问句中是你时,回答用I(我);问句中是你们时,回答用we(我们)。 Is she a clever girl? 她是一位聪明的女孩儿吗?Yes, she is. 是的,她是。 或者:No, she isnt. 不,她不是。Are they doctors? 他们是医生吗?Yes, they are. 是的,他们是。或者:No, they arent. 不,他们不是。Are you good students? 你们是好学生吗?Yes, we are. 是的,我们是。 或者:No, we arent. 不,我们不是。Are these flowers beautiful? 这些花漂亮吗?Yes, they are. 是的,它们是。或者:No, they arent. 不,它们不是。每句话第一个单词的第一个字母要大写,Yes 和 No 后面是逗号,后面的主语不用大写;I永远大写。复习:I amhe / she /it /名词的单数形式 is we / you (你、你们) / they (他们) / 名词的复数形式 are我们各举一个例子:I am a manager 我是经理。She is a shy girl. 她是一个害羞的女孩。They are red flowers. 它们是红色的花。否定句:I am not a driver. 我不是司机。Tom isnt in the classroom. Tom不在教室。They arent my teachers. 他们不是我的老师。一般疑问句:Are you happy? 你快乐吗? Yes, I am. 是的,我快乐。Is she your mother? 她是你的妈妈吗? No, she isnt.Are these red roses beautiful? 这些红色玫瑰花漂亮吗?Yes, they are.要注意的是:1.be 动词随主语的变化而变化。2.否定句中,要把not 放在be 动词am, is, are的后面3.一般疑问句中,须注意的是:a.把be 动词 am, is,are 放在句子的最前面,第一个字母大写。b.肯定回答和否定回答,在回答时要注意主语必须用代词,就是把问句中的名词用代词代替。c.问句中是你时,回答用I(我);问句中是你们时,回答用we(我们)。时态:二、一般现在时一般现在时:经常发生的动作或经常存在的状态。一般出现下面这样的词就用这个时态,就是说一般现在时常与下列词语连用:always (总是), often(经常), usually(通常), every day/week/month/year/night(每天/每周/每月/每年/每天晚上), sometimes(有时)等等。I often read English in the morning. 我经常早上读英语。You watch TV every night. 你每天晚上看电视。这是经常反复做的动作,所以用一般现在时。注意:每个句子里,都要有谓语,动词是谓语的主要组成部分。像句子里的read(读),watch(观看)这些表示动作的词,就是谓语动词。没有谓语构不成句子。注意:句子中表示动作的词read和watch就是谓语动词,我们看下面的句子:1.They always play football on Sunday.他们总是星期日踢足球。2.We go to the zoo every summer holiday.我们每年暑假去动物园。3.The students usually clean the classrooms after school.学生们通常在放学后打扫教室。4.He runs on the playground every morning.他每天早晨在操场上跑步。5.My mother plants flowers every spring.我妈妈每年春天种花。6.She gets up at 6:00 in the morning.她早上六点钟起床。大家观察一下这几个句子有什么不同?特别是要看表示动作的动词,看看有什么变化? 英语中的谓语动词发生的时间是通过动词的不同形式来表现的。在一般现在时中,主语为第三人称单数时,谓语需加-s,如:She studies English in Yuying School.她在育英学校学习英语。They sweep the floor every morning.他们每天早上拖地板。1.第三人称单数中,-s词尾的加法a.一般在动词后面加s。clean cleanswork worksask askstell tellsb, 以s,x,ch,sh结尾的词,需加-es;记住go+es;do+es。pass passesmix mixeswatch watchesteach teacheswash washesc.以辅音+y结尾的动词,先将y变i,在加e。carry carriesstudy studiestry tries以元音字母+y结尾的动词直接加-s。play playsstay stays再看看以上几个例子:1.They always play football on Sunday.他们总是星期日踢足球。2.We go to the zoo every summer holiday.我们每年暑假去动物园。3.The students usually clean the classrooms after school.学生们通常在放学后打扫教室。4.He runs on the playground every morning.他每天早晨在操场上跑步。5.My mother plants flowers every spring.我妈妈每年春天种花。6.She gets up at 6: 00 in the morning.她早上六点钟起床。可以看出,这些句子都肯定地说明了事情,为一般现在时的肯定句。那否定句该怎样表达了?请看下面例子(be动词的否定形式):I am not a driver.我不是司机。Tom isnt in the classroom.Tom不在教室。They arent my teachers.他们不是我的老师。但当句子中不含 be 动词时,我们还可以借助助动词 do 和 does 来完成。do not=dontdoes not = doesnt例如:1.They always play football on Sunday.他们总是星期日踢足球。 They dont play football on Sunday.他们星期日不踢足球。2.We go to the zoo every summer holiday.我们每年暑假去动物园。 We dont go to the zoo every summer holiday.我们每年暑假不去动物园。 3.The students usually clean the classrooms after school.学生们通常在放学后打扫教室。 The students dont usually clean the classrooms after school.学生们通常在放学后不打扫教室。 4.He runs on the playground every morning.他每天早晨在操场跑步。 He doesnt run on the playground every morning.他每天早晨不在操场跑步。5.My mother plants flowers every spring 我妈妈每年春天种花。 My mother doesnt plant flowers every spring 我妈妈每年春天不种花。 6.She gets up at 6: 00 in the morning.她早上六点钟起床。 She doesnt get up at 6: 00 in the morning.她早上六点钟不起床。从以上例子可以看出,第三人称单数后用doesnt,其他情况下用dont。doesnt后面的动词不需变化,用原形。咱们练习几个句子:1.We like our school.我们喜欢我们的学校。 We dont like our school.我们不喜欢我们的学校。2.The students read English in the morning.学生们在早上读英语。 The students dont read English in the morning.学生们在早上不读英语。 3.She watches TV every night.她每天晚上看电视。 She doesnt watch TV every night.她每天晚上不看电视。 4.Tom likes English songs.Tom 喜欢英语歌曲。 Tom doesnt like English songs.Tom 不喜欢英语歌曲。 一般现在时的一般疑问句是怎样构成呢? 先看例子: 1.They live in Beijing.他们住在北京。 Do they live in Beijing?他们住在北京吗 ? Yes, they do./ No, they dont.2.You watch football matches every Sunday.你每周日看足球比赛。 Do you watch football matches every Sunday? Yes, I do./ No, I dont.3.He often goes to the Summer Palace.他经常去颐和园。 Does he often go to the Summer Palace?他经常去颐和园吗? Yes, he does./ No, he doesnt.4.Alice washes her clothes every day.Alice 每天洗她的衣服 Does Alice wash her clothes every day? Alice 每天洗她的衣服吗? Yes, she does./ No, she doesnt.从以上例子可以看出:一般疑问句中,助动词(do, does)置于句首,句末改成问号。谓语动词是行为动词时,须在句首加上助动词do, does(三单),加上这些助动词后,句子中谓语动词用原形。 注意:1.变人称:Do you ?Yes, I do/No, I dont.2.助动词does放句首时,谓语动词要用原形。 3.Do问do来答,does问does来答。 下面我们练习几个句子: 1.Zhoutao speaks English very well.周涛说英语非常好。 Does Zhoutao speak English very well? Yes, he does./ No, he doesnt.2.My mother sweeps the floor in the morning.我妈妈在早上拖地。 Does your mother sweep the floor in the morning? Yes, she does./ No, she doesnt.3.They eat lunch in school every Tuesday.他们每周二在学校吃午饭。 Do they eat lunch in school every Tuesday? Yes, they do./ No, they dont.4.The doctors go to work every day 医生们每天都去上班。 Do the doctors go to work every day ? Yes, they do./ No, they dont.大家看下面的例子有什么不同: 1.When do they watch football matches?他们什么时候看足球比赛? They watch football matches every Sunday.What do they do every Sunday? They watch football matches every Sunday.2.When does your mother sweep the floor? She sweeps the floor in the morning.What does your mother do in the morning? She sweeps the floor in the morning.3.When do they eat lunch in school? They eat lunch in school every Tuesday.他们每周二在学校吃午饭 Where do they eat lunch every Tuesday? They eat lunch in school every Tuesday.what(什么),when(什么时候),where(哪里)是特殊疑问词,它们引导的疑问句叫做特殊疑问句。 特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+一般疑问句构成 再看例子: 1.They live in Beijing.(where) Where do they live? 2.Alice washes her clothes every day.(what) What does Alice do every day? 3.They eat lunch in school every Tuesday.( when) When do they eat lunch in school? 总结:1.一般现在时:经常发生的动作或经常存在的状态。 2.肯定句: 1)I often read English in the morning.我经常早上读英语。 2)You watch TV every night.你每天晚上看电视。 3)He runs on the playground every morning.他每天早晨在操场跑步。 4)She gets up at 6: 00 in the morning.她早上六点钟起床。 注意:主语是he,she,it第三人称单数时,谓语动词加s,其他情况,谓语动词不变,注意加-s的规则 3.第三人称单数中,-s词尾的加法 a.一般在动词后面加s。 clean cleanswork worksask askstell tells b, 以s, x, ch, sh结尾的词,需加-es;记住go+es;do+es。 pass passesmix mixeswatch watchesteach teacheswash washes c.以辅音+y结尾的动词,先将y变i,在加es。 carry carriesstudy studiestry tries 以元音字母+y结尾的动词直接加-s。 play playsstay stays4.否定句: 1. We like our school.我们喜欢我们的学校。 We dont like our school.我们不喜欢我们的学校。 2. The students read English in the morning.学生们在早上读英语。 The students dont read English in the morning. 3.She watches TV every night.她每天晚上看电视。 She doesnt watch TV every night.她每天晚上不看电视。 4.Tom likes English songs.Tom喜欢英语歌曲。 Tom doesnt like English songs.Tom不喜欢英语歌曲。 注意:一般现在时变否定句可借助动词dont或doesnt完成,一般放在主语的后面,主语是第三人称单数就用doesnt,谓语动词用原形(后面的s去掉)。其他人称用dont就可以了,谓语动词用原形。 5.一般疑问句: 1.Do they live in Beijing?他们住在北京吗 ? Yes, they do. / No, they dont. 2.Do you watch football matches every Sunday?你每周日看足球比赛吗? Yes, I do. / No, I dont. 3.Does he often go to the Summer Palace?他经常去颐和园吗? Yes, he does. / No, he doesnt. 4.Does Alice wash her clothes every day?Alice每天洗她的衣服吗? Yes, she does. / No, she doesnt. 注意:1.变人称:Do you ?Yes, I do/No, I dont. 2.助动词does放句首时,谓语动词要用原形。 3.Do问do来答,does问does来答。 6.特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+一般疑问句 1.When do they watch football matches? They watch football matches every Sunday. 2.Where do they eat lunch every Tuesday? They eat lunch in school every Tuesday. 3.What does your mother do in the morning? She sweeps the floor in the morning. Exercises : 一、把下面的句子变成否定句和一般疑问句,然后作出肯定回答或否定回答: 1.They go to the zoo every summer holiday.他们每年暑假去动物园。 2.You watch football matches every Sunday.你每周日看足球比赛。 3.Tom plays computer games every night.Tom每天晚上打电脑游戏。 4.She washes her clothes on Sunday.她在周日洗她的衣服。 .Revision.一般现在时的用法:一般现在时:经常发生的动作或经常存在的状态。一般与下列词语连用:always(总是), often(经常), usually(通常), every day/week/month/year/night(每天/每周/每月/每年/每天晚上), sometimes (有时)等等。.肯定句:1.I often read English in the morning 我经常早上英语2.You watch TV every night. 你每天晚上看电视3.He runs on the playground every morning. 他每天早晨在操场跑步。4.She gets up at 6:00 in the morning. 她早上六点钟起床。注意:主语是he, she, it 第三人称单数时谓语动词一般加s,其他人称谓语动词不变。 动词第三人称单数的变化规则:动词原形变第三人称单数的规则同名词单数变复数大致相同,请认真观察。1)一般在动词后面加s。clean cleanswork worksask askstell tells2)以s,x,ch,sh结尾的动词加es。pass passesmix mixeswatch watchesteach teacheswash washes3)以“o”结尾的动词,加“es”,记住go+es;do+es。4)以辅音字母加“y”结尾的动词,要先将“y”变为“i”,然后再加es。以元音字母+y 结尾的动词加s。如:carry carriesstudy studiestry triesplay playsstay stays否定句:1.We like our school.我们喜欢我们的学校。 We dont like our school.我们不喜欢我们的学校。2.The students read English in the morning.学生们在早上读英语。 The students dont read English in the morning.学生们在早上不读英语。3.She watches TV every night.她每天晚上看电视。 She doesnt watch TV every night.她每天晚上不看电视。4.Tom likes English songs. Tom doesnt like English songs.Tom不喜欢英语歌曲。Tom喜欢英语歌曲。注意:一般现在时变否定句时借助助动词 dont或doesnt。他们放在主语的后面,主语是第三人称单数就用 doesnt,并且去掉谓语动词后面的s。其他人称则用dont,谓语动词不变。一般疑问句:1.Do they live in Beijing? 他们住在北京吗?Yes, they do. / No, they dont.2.Do you watch football matches every Sunday? 你每周日看足球比赛吗?Yes, I do. / No, I dont.3.Does he often go to the Summer Palace? 他经常去颐和园吗?Yes, he does. / No, he doesnt.4.Does Alice wash her clothes every day? Alice每天洗她的衣服吗?Yes, she does. / No, she doesnt.注意:1. 注意变换人称:Do you? Yes, I do. / No, I dont.2.第三人称单数作主语,does放句首时,谓语动词要去掉s。3.Do问do来答;Does问does来答。.特殊疑问句1.When do they watch football matches? They watch football matches every Sunday.2.Where do they eat lunch every Tuesday? They eat lunch in school every Tuesday.3.What does your mother do in the morning?She sweeps the floor in the morning.三、现在进行时现在进行时:表示现在正在进行的动作和发生的事情。常和下列词语连用:look(看),listen(听),now(现在),at present(目前) 等等。 现在进行时的构成:1.I am speaking English now.我正在说英语。2.Look, they are making a birthday cake.看,他们正在做一个生日蛋糕。3.The workers are building a bridge.工人们正在建一座桥。4.Listen,the girl is singing a song next room.听,那个女孩儿正在隔壁房间里唱歌。5.She is buying a hat.她正在买一顶帽子。6.Oh,someone is knocking at the door.噢,有人在敲门。从以上句子可以看出,现在进行时的构成为:主语 + be(am, is, are)+动词的-ing形式。注意,be动词随主语的变化而变化:Iam,He/she/itis,We/you/they/名词的复数形式are。 在现在进行时中,动词的-ing形式也可以称为现在分词。(动词的-ing 形式,除了作现在分词外,还可以作动名词,动名词将会在以后的课程中提及。)动词的-ing 形式的构成规则:1.一般在动词后面直接加ing。go goingstudy studyingask askingwatch watching2.以不发音的-e结尾的动词,要去掉e,再加ing。come comingmake makingwrite writingbecome becomingtake takingdance dancing3.以重读闭音节结尾,末尾只有一个辅音字母时,这个辅音字母要双写,然后再加ing。双写单词的最后一个辅音字母,然后再加ing。swim swimmingrun runningbegin beginningsit sittingstop stoppingforget forgetting4.特殊变化:以ie结尾的单音节的动词,要把ie变成y,再加ing。die dyinglie lyingtie tying肯定句:I am watching football matches.我正在看足球比赛。He is playing computer games.他正在玩电脑游戏。Liming is running on the playground.李明正在操场上跑步。They are dancing in the park.他们正在公园里跳舞。We are studying English on computer.我们正在电脑上学习英语。否定句:I am not watching football matches.我现在没在看足球比赛。He is not playing computer games.他没在玩电脑游戏。Liming isnt running on the playground.李明没在操场上跑步。We arent studying English on computer.我们现在没在电脑上学习英语。注意:1.否定词not放在be动词后。2.注意缩写形式:is not isnt;are not arent。一般疑问句及其肯定回答和否定回答:1.Are you reading English now?你现在读英语吗?Yes, I am. / No, I am not.Yes, we arent. / No, they dont.2.Are they making a birthday cake?他们正在做一个生日蛋糕吗?Yes, they are. / No, they arent.3.Are the workers building a bridge?工人们正在建一座桥吗?Yes, they are. / No, they arent.5.Is the girl singing a song next room?Yes, she is. / No, she isnt.6.Is she buying a hat?她正在买一顶帽子吗?Yes, she is. / No, she isnt.7.Is someone knocking at the door?有人在敲门吗?Yes. / No.注意:1.回答变人称;2.答语要把问句里的名词改成代词特殊疑问句:1.Where is the girl singing a song? The girl is singing a song next room.2.What is she buying? She is buying a hat.3.What are they doing? They are making a birthday cake.序数词前面我们学过基数词(one, two, three),那么要表达“第一,第二”呢?我们要用序数词表示。基数词:序数词one一 first第一two二 second第二three三 third第三four四fourth第四five五fifth第五six六 sixth第六seven七 seventh第七eight八 eighth第八nine九ninth第九ten十 tenth第十eleven十一eleventh第十一twelve十二twelfth第十二thirteen十三thirteenth第十三fourteen十四fourteenth第十四fifteen十五 fifteenth第十五nineteen十九nineteenth第十九twenty二十twentieth第二十thirty三十thirtieth第三十forty四十 fortieth第四十fifty-one五十一 fifty-first第五十一ninety-four九十四 ninety-fourth第九十四one hundred and one一百零一 one hundred and first第一百零一大家看出规律了吗?基数词变序数词时,一般在基数词后加th。特殊变化有如下几种:(1)one first, two second, three third(2)five和twelve变序数词时将ve变成f+th。(3)eight只加h;nine去掉e加th。(4)表示“几十”的基数词变序数词时,将y变i+eth,如twentieth.(5)表示“几十几”的基数词变序数词时,只变个位。. Exercises1.把下列单词写成现在分词形式(+ing):work visit clean sweepdance live love take run swim get begin 2.把下面的句子变成否定句和一般疑问句,并写出肯定与否定回答:1)They are playing basketball on the playground.2)These girls are singing English songs now.3)The boy is playing computer games at home.4)I am washing my clothes now.Revision1.现在进行时的用法1) 现在进行时表示现在正在进行的动作和发生的事情。常与look, listen, now, at present等词连用。2)构成:主语+be动词(am, is,are)+ V-ing2.现在进行时的肯定式1)I am speaking English now. 我正在说英语。2)Look, they are making a birthday cake. 看,他们正在做一个生日蛋糕。3)The workers are building a bridge. 工人们正在建一座桥。4)Listen,
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