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Unit 1 Festivals around the world,Learning about language,Checking answer I (2m)Answer keys for Ex.1 on Page 4:,Checking answer II (2m)Answer keys for Ex.2 on Page 4:,Many people think that Christmas is a western _ , but in fact it is really a worldwide holiday. Christmas actually started as a _ festival celebrated by _ around the world. Its _ is around the 3rd or 4th century AD when the _ of remember-ing Jesus birth on December 25th first started. Today, of course, many people celebrate Chris-tmas _ it were just a holiday to_ family, rather than a holiday about a _,celebration,religious,Christians,origin,custom,as though,have fun with,belief,Checking answer III ( 2m )Answer keys for Ex.3 on Page 4:,look forward to 2. starving 3. custom 4. Gather 5. Admire 6. Belief 7. harvests, harvests 8. feast 9. tricks 10. gain, gain,情态动词（Modal Verbs),情态动词表示说话人对某一动作或状态的态度，认为“可能”、“应当”、“必要”等等。但本身词义不完全，不能单独作谓语动词，必须和不带to的不定式（即动词原形）连用。情态动词没有人称和书的变化。 can and could may and might will and would shall and should must and cant,can and could,So he can carry heavy books. ability He couldnt open the door by himself. ability Could you open the door, please? request,Can/could的用法。 1.意为“能够、会”，表示体力或脑力等方面的能力。 2.意为“可以”表示许可，常在口语中代替may. 3.意为“可能”用在肯定陈述句中表可能性，用在否定句或疑问 句中表示猜测、惊讶等。 4.can have done 用于对过去动作的推测，表可能，常用于否定句和疑问句中。,e.g. I can speak English. Can I keep the book for a few days ? You cant be serious.（你不会是当真吧） She is two hours late .What can have happened? Can 和 be able to 的区别 1.can 和 could 表示能力时，有时可以用be able to 替换，由于 只能表示现在时和一般过去时，当我们需要用现在完成时,或其他时态时，就可以用be able to表示。 当我们要强调过去确实使用了某种能力时，要用was(were)able to,而不用could。was able to表示“设法干成某事”而 could只表示“具备某种能力”。 e.g. He is such a good swimmer that he was able to save the boys from drowning the other day.,Could的用法 1.在过去的语境中，表示过去的能力、许可、可能。 2.若不是出现在过去的语境中，它就是表达委婉口气。 could have done 表示对过去发生事情的推测。 e.g.I couldnt speak English two years ago. Where could she have gone?,may and might,He may be in his office.=( perhaps he is in his office.) He might be having lunch.=( perhaps he is having lunch.),may and might,1） 表示可能性（possibility）,用于对现在，过去或将来的推测，暗示不确定。might 不是may的过去式，它所表示的可能性比may 小，含较多的怀疑。 He may be very busy now. (可能性较大) He might be very busy now. (可能性较小),2） 表示许可（permission），表示允许别人做某事， 也可征求对方的许可。 He may go now. We may keep the book for two weeks. 3） 用于祈使句，表示祝愿。 May you succeed! May you have a nice trip!,may, might, can, could,1. They (can/might) _be away for the weekend but Im not sure. 2. You (may/might) _leave now if you wish. 3. (could/may) _you open the window a bit, please? 4. He (can/could) _be from America, judging by his accent. 5. (may/can) _you swim? 6. Listen, please. You (may not/might not) _ speak during this exam.,might,表示猜测,may,表示许可,could,表示请求,could,表示猜测,can,表示能力,may not,表示不允许,7. They (can not/may not) _ still be out, the light is on in the house. 8. You (couldnt/might not) _ smoke on the bus. 9. With luck, tomorrow (can/could) _be a cooler day. 10. You (can/might) _ be right, but Im going back to check it.,表示许可,couldnt,could,表示猜测,can not,表示猜测(不可能),might,表示猜测,will and would,1）表示意愿 表示愿意做或主动提出做，如意志,愿望或决心 That bag looks heavy, Ill help you with it. ( offering to do sth) - You know that book I lent you. Can I have it back if youve finished with it? - Of course. Ill give it to you this afternoon. (agreement) Thanks for lending me the money, Ill pay you back on Friday. (promise),2）表示习惯(habit, custom) This old man is strange. He will sit for hours without saying anything. We would sit around Grandpa after supper, listening to his stories. 3）表示请求（request）, 用于第二人称, would 比will 更委婉。 例如： Will you come this way, please? Would you open the window?,shall and should,1）shall 的用法 a.shall 在疑问句中用于第一，第三人称，表示征求对方的意见。 Shall we put off the sports meeting until next month? Shall Tom go there with me tomorrow? b.shall 用于第二，第三人称，表示说话人给对方 的命令，警告，允诺或威胁。 You shall fail if you dont work harder. （警告） He shall have the book when I finish reading it. (允诺) He shall be punished. (威胁),2) should 的用法 a. should 表示劝告、建议、命令。 You should go to class right away. b. should 表示期待，用于表达合理推断(prediction，意为“应该” )，或明显的结果（意为“可能”）且所期待的事几乎是事实。 It is three oclock, the football game should begin now. Mary took dancing lessons for years, so she should be an excellent dancer.,1. We _ smoke here, because the worker is carrying some petrol. 2. It is dangerous. You _ leave the room immediately. 3. He _ go hiking with friends at weekends when young. 4. Write to me when you get home. -I _. 5. -Need I hand in my exercise book at once? -Yes, you_. 6. You have been working all day. You _ be very tired. 7. It is a long time since we met last time. You _ come and see us more often. 8. Why dont you try on this dress? It _ look nice on you.,will, would, shall, should, must:,mustnt,should,would,will,must,must,should,will,表示禁止,不许可,表示建议,命令,表示过去习惯,表示意愿,表示必须,表示肯定猜测,表示建议,表示将会,一定会,must and cant,must 用来表示“命令”、“推测”等含义。 1）表示规定、指令 表示规定、指令时主要指客观上的法律、条文规定，常常翻译为“应该、必须”之类意思。mustnt表示禁止 You must have a passport if you want to go abroad. 2) 表示主观的命令、禁止 表示主观的命令、禁止时，主要指说话者主观的命令或强烈的劝告。 You can go out with your friend but you must come back before 11 at night. -Must I hand in the exercise today? -No, you neednt. 。,must and cant,3）表示猜测，语气非常肯定，近乎确定的意味，一般用于肯定句，意为肯定。其否定为cant， 意为不可能. 。 You must be ill. I can see it from your face. He cant be at home. I saw him in the classroom just now.,must and have to,1.must用于一般问句中,肯定回答用must否定式用neednt或dont have to，做“不必”,mustnt表示“禁止，不允许” MustIfinishallassignmentsatatime? Yes, you must. No,youneednt. 2.表示“必须”这个意思时，must和haveto稍有区别。must着重说明主观看法，haveto强调客观需要。另外，haveto能用于更多时态。 I dont like this TV set. We must buy a new one. There was no more bus. They had to walk home.,Not sure,Very sure,He might be in the classroom.,He may be in the classroom.,He could be in the classroom.,He should be in the classroom.,He must be in the classroom.,情态动词的猜测用法,1.-There were already five people in the car but they managed to take me as well. -It _a comfortable journey. ( ) A. cant be B. mustnt have been C. shouldnt be D. couldnt have been,D,2.The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone _ get out. ( ) A. had to B. would C. could D. was able to,D,EXERCISES,3. Peter _ come with us tonight, but he isnt very sure. must B. can C. may D. will,C,4. - Could I call you by your first name? - Yes, you_. A. will B. could C. may D. might,C,5. Sorry, I m late. I _ have turned off the alarm clock and gone back to sleep again. might B. should C. can D. will,A,6.-Excuse me, but I want to use your computer to type a report. -You _ have my computer if you dont take care of it. A. shant B. might not C. neednt D. shouldnt,A,7. -When can I come for the photos ? I need them tomorrow afternoon. -They _be ready by 12 : 00 . A. can B. should C. might D. need,B,8. With so much work on hand, you _to see the game last night. A. mustnt go B. could have gone C. shouldnt go D. shouldnt have gone,D,9.Johnny, you _play with the knife, you _hurt yourself. ( ) A. wont ; cant B. mustnt ; may C. shouldnt ; must D. cant ; wouldnt,B,10. I missed the bus, so I _ go home on foot. A. must B. may C. can D. had to,D,
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