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Unit 3 Could you please tell me where the restrooms are?,一、宾语从句（二）,(一)由特殊引导词引导的宾语从句,(一)由特殊引导词引导的宾语从句,(二) 宾语从句的语序,1.宾语从句应该用陈述语序,即按“主语+谓语+宾语”的顺序排列。 Can you tell me what he wants? 你能告诉我他想要什么吗?,2.当who,whose或which对主语提问时,语序不变;变为宾语从句时,语序依然不变。 She asked who would answer those questions.她问谁准备回答那些问题。,(三) 宾语从句的时态,1.若主句为现在时态,从句的谓语动词可根据具体情况选用所需要的时态。 We hope youll have a very happy year in our class.我们希望你在我们班能度过快乐、幸福的一年。,2.若主句为过去时态,则宾语从句通常选用过去时态中的某一种形式。 He said he was doing his homework then.他说他那时在做作业。,3.若从句是客观真理、一种现象、科学原理、现阶段存在的客观事实、经常性、习惯性动作,或是谚语、格言等,其时态常用一般现在时。 The scientists said the sun rises in the east and goes down in the west. 科学家们说太阳从东方升起,西方落下。,(四) 否定转移,主句为I/We think/believe/guess/suppose时,从句若表示否定,一般将否定词not转移到主句的谓语中,这种现象叫作“否定转移”。 I dont think he will come.我认为他不会来了。,(五) 宾语从句的反意疑问句,含有宾语从句的复合句在构成反意疑问句时,应根据主句的主语和谓语来确定,但对于含有否定转移的宾语从句,必须根据从句来确定。 Jim told us (that) they would leave this school,didnt he? 吉姆告诉我们他们将离开这个学校,不是吗? I dont think (that) he is right,is he? 我认为他不对,是吗?,(六) 宾语从句与简单句的相互转换,当宾语从句是由when,where,why,who,which,what,whose等引导时,有时可以转换为由“疑问代词/疑问副词+不定式”结构作宾语的形式,从而句子便由一个主从复合句变为了简单句。,1.当主句的主语与宾语从句的主语一致时,可以将其改为简单句。 I dont know what I shall do next. =I dont know what to do next.我不知道下一步做什么。,2.当主句中含有双宾语时,如果间接宾语与宾语从句的主语一致时,也可以将这个主从复合句变为简单句。 Can you tell me how I can get to the police station? =Can you tell me how to get to the police station?你能告诉我怎样到达警察局吗?,针对性训练,.单项填空 1.(2015泰安中考) Could you please tell me you will go to Hong Kong on business? Sure.I prefer to take a plane. A.whether B.why C.when D.how,提示:考查宾语从句的连接词。句意为“请你告诉我你将怎样去 香港做生意好吗?”“当然可以。我更喜欢乘飞机”。 whether 是否;why为什么;when什么时候;how如何,怎样。根据“我更喜欢 乘飞机”可知问句是问如何去香港,故选D。,针对性训练,.单项填空 2.(2015南充中考) We dont know when next week.Please call me when he arrives. A.will he arrive B.does he arrive C.he will arrive D.he arrives,提示:考查宾语从句。前句意为“我们不知道他下周什 么时候到”。宾语从句用陈述语序,故排除A、B两项;再 由时间状语next week可知,从句需用一般将来时,故选C。,针对性训练,.单项填空 3.(2015烟台中考) My deskmate asked me . A.when would I go to the zoo B.whom I would play tennis with C.how did I get home that evening D.whether I have been to Singapore,提示:考查宾语从句。宾语从句应该用陈述语序, 故A, C都不对, D项 时态为现在完成时,而主句谓 语动词为一般过去时, 故选B。,针对性训练,.单项填空 4.(2015常德中考)Could you tell me ? Sure. A.where the restrooms are B.where are the restrooms C.where is the restroom,提示:考查宾语从句。疑问句作宾语从句时原来 的疑问语序要改为陈述语序,故选A。,针对性训练,.单项填空 5.(2015黔西南中考) My mother asked me this morning. A.why did I get up late B.why I got up late C.why do I get up late D.why I get up late,提示:考查宾语从句的用法。句意为“我妈妈问我为什么 今天早上起晚了”。宾语从句应用陈述语序,主句为一般 过去时,从句用与过去有关的时态。根据句意可知,选B。,针对性训练,.单项填空 6.(2015云南中考) I wonder at 6:00 yesterday afternoon. I was doing my homework in the reading room. A.what were you doing B.what did you do C.what you were doing D.what you are doing,提示:考查宾语从句。句意为“我想知道昨天晚上六点你 正在做什么。”“我正在阅览室做作业”。从答句可知 用过去进行时,排除B,D。又因宾语从句中疑问词后应接 陈述语序,故选C。,针对性训练,.单项填空 7.(2015桂林中考)Sir,do you know? Im not very sure.Please ask the worker over there. A.when will the next train start B.when the next train will start C.when did the next train start,提示:考查宾语从句。宾语从句应为陈述语序,故选B。,针对性训练,.单项填空 8.(2015黔南州中考)Do you knowthe meeting? Tomorrow morning. A.when they had B.when they are going to have C.when did they have D.when are they going to have,提示:考查宾语从句的语序和时态。根据宾语从句的语序 应为陈述语序可排除C和D;结合答语可知用一般将来时, 故选B。,针对性训练,.单项填空 9.(安顺中考)I dont think she will agree with us, ? A.will she B.wont she C.dont you D.do you,提示:考查反意疑问句。在I/We think句型中,反意疑问 句中的谓语动词和主语与从句一致,排除C、D;由于主句 是否定句,故后面用肯定形式,所以选A。,针对性训练,.单项填空 10.(巴中中考) Our teacher said the earth round the sun. A.traveled B.travels C.travel,提示:考查宾语从句。句意为“我们的老师说地球围绕着 太阳转”。此处强调的是客观真理,因此从句时态使用一 般现在时,故选B。,关于有礼貌地问路,When you travel to a new place and you cant find your way,you can ask someone for help.But do you know how to ask the way in an English-speaking country?There are many rules you should follow,and one of the most important things you should remember is to be polite.No one likes to help those who are impolite.Youd better stop to wait or walk to the person who you want to ask the way.Dont be nervous,and dont walk too fast,or the person will,have doubts about your intention.Dont touch or stand close to the person,especially a lady,because the people in some Western countries will feel uncomfortable when some strangers are too close to them.When you ask the way,its important to express your ideas in a polite way.First of all,you should say “Excuse me” to catch someones attention.There are many ways to ask the way,but the most important thing is how to be polite.For example,“How can I get to,the nearest post office?” and “Could you please tell me how I can get to the nearest post office?” are similar requestsboth are correct English,but the first could sound rude.Its important to use correct language,but sometimes this is not enoughwe need to learn how to be polite when we make requests.Usually the polite ways are longer and more difficult than those direct ways because you need to spend some time leading into the question.However,if you want to get help and not to offend people,youd better learn about the language etiquette;its just as important as learning grammar or vocabulary.And doing this will also help you become better at English. 【词汇积累】doubt 疑惑;疑问intention意图;目的offend 触怒;冒犯,技巧借鉴,本单元的中心话题是有礼貌地寻求信息,这篇文章讲述了在国外问路时应该注意到的事项和我们应该遵循的原则,多使用祈使句来表示建议,如:Dont be nervous,and dont talk too fast.(不要紧张,不要讲得太快),Youd better(你最好),You should say “Excuse me” to catch someones attention.(你应该说“打扰了”来引起某人的注意),We need to learn how to be polite when we make requests.(当我们提出请求时,我们应该学会如何才是有礼貌的)等。有良好的英语语言应用能力并学会这些交流技巧,一定会令你沟通无障碍。,课本链接,针对本单元Section B 2b的内容回答下列问题 1.When you visit a foreign country,what is important to know? 2.What do good speakers of English do when speaking with different people? 3.Why is it important to learn how to use proper language?,When we visit a foreign country,it is important to know how to ask for help politely.,Good speakers of English change the way they talk when speaking with different people.,This will help you become better at English,or any other language you wish to speak.,：指路,黄教授的美国朋友Tom要到中国考察,Tom得知黄 教授生病住院,决定一下飞机就到医院看望黄教授。 假设你是黄教授的儿子黄磊,请根据下面的示意图 给Tom写一封电子邮件,告诉他出机场后到达医院 的路线。 要求:80词左右。,：指路,【思路点拨】 称呼Dear 正文客气语:Im very happy that youre coming 指路:take a taxi,go down,turn left,go along,turn right, across from 结尾语:I hope to 署名Yours, Huang Lei,【重点词汇】写出下列短语 1.通往的路 2.人民医院 3.乘出租车 4.沿着走 5.向左转 6.在的对面,turn left,go down/along,take a taxi,Peoples Hospital,the way to,across from,【重点句型】根据汉语意思完成下列句子 1.我很高兴你要来看望我的爸爸。 I am very happy that youre my father. 2.你需要从飞机场乘坐出租车。 You take a taxi from the . 3.沿着第二大街走并且在新街向右转。 Go the Second Avenue and at the New Street. 4.医院就在超市的对面。 The hospital is the supermarket. 5.我希望尽快见到你。 I hope .,coming to visit,need to,airport,along,turn right,just across from,to see you soon,【单元参考句型】 【单元参考句型】 Could you please tell me? Excuse me.Do you know? Go to the second floor Excuse me,I wonder if you can help me,Dear Tom, I am very happy that youre coming to visit my father.Now let me tell you the way to the Peoples Hospital. You need to take a taxi from the airport.Go down the Long Street and turn left at the zoo.Then go along the Second Avenue and turn right at the New Street.Go down the New Street and turn left at the Hongxing Supermarket.The hospital is just across from the supermarket. I hope to see you soon. Yours, Huang Lei,范文,名师点评 首先,邮件内容符合图示,能够根据方向所示来描写从机场到人民医院的正确路线,内容简单、明了。再次,文章符合邮件的书写要求,在开头和结尾处都运用了很自然的过渡性语言。,与本单元相关的看图作文常涉及问路和指路。首先,要看清图片,结合文字提示,了解图片所要传达的信息。根据线路图示编写对话或指路的时候,要明确问路人现在所处的地点及其目的地和所要经过的路线。然后,利用所学的相关句型,根据题目要求编写对话或者指路。 问路、指路时有时采用书信体或留言条的形式, 这时要注意书信和留言条的格式,不要忘记开头和结尾的礼貌用语,尽量采用所学的问路句型,路线要交代清楚。,写作指导,常用的指路用语有: Go straight along沿着一直走。 Turn left/right.向左/右拐。 Go past走过 You can take a bus.你可以乘公交车。 Its only five minutes walk.步行才五分钟。 Its on your left/right.它在你的左/右边。 You wont miss it.你不会错过它的。,写作指导,用所给的选项补全短文 (北京中考)Peter lost his friends book.He felt very sad.Kate broke her moms favorite cup.1 She was so sorry for her mistake. We all make mistakes because were human.And its not always easy to get on well with everyone all the time.Sometimes we hurt peoples feelings although we dont do it on purpose.Sometimes we hurt peoples feelings on purpose.2 So we apologize(道歉). An apology tells someone that were sorry for our mistakes.Its a way to show that well try to do better in future.,用所给的选项补全短文 Apologies are one of the tools to build good friendships and relationships.When you say “Im sorry”,you probably feel bad because what you did or said hurt another person.3,youre also saying that you respect the other person,and care about his or her feelings.Apologizing shows you have empathy(同感). After apologizing,you might feel a little better.4 When you apologize in a caring way,you might feel good because you are trying to make things right again.,【词汇积累】 purpose目的;目标 respect尊敬;尊重 friendship友谊;友情 caring表示或感到关怀或关心的,A.Then she cried. B.But we feel bad later. C.When you say “ I am sorry” D.And you want to return his book. E.The other person will probably feel better,too.,The man who has made up his mind to win will never say “ Impossible”. -Napoleon 凡是决心取得胜利的人是从来不说“不可能”的。 -拿破仑,
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