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第二部分 语法专题研究,专题十 动词的时态 (必考:每年26道,26分;单选、短文填空),中考试练,省卷6年真题(20112016) 1. (2016省卷30题)With the development of science and technology, robot cooks _ in our families in the future. appear B. appeared C. will appear D. were appearing,C,一,【解析】考查一般将来时。句意:随着科技的发展,在将来我们的家庭将_厨师机器人。根据标志词in the future可知应该用一般将来时。故选C。,2. (2016省卷39题)School violence(暴力) _much attention of the whole society and people are calling on the government to make laws against it as early as possible. drew B. will draw C. has drawn D. was drawing,C,【解析】考查现在完成时。句意:学校暴力_整个社会更多的注意,人们正呼吁政府尽早出台法律来治理它。根据语境可知此处表示学样暴力已经吸引了人们的注意力,应该用现在完成时。故选C。,3. (2015省卷31题)Dont disturb Allen now. He _ for the Spelling Bee competition. prepares B. prepared C. is preparing D. will prepare,C,【解析】考查现在进行时。句意:现在不要打扰艾伦。他_拼写比赛。根据时间状语now可知句子应该用现在进行时。 故选C。,4. (2015省卷42题)Lei Feng _ for many years, but his spirit is still encouraging us. died B. has died C. was dead D. has been dead,D,【解析】考查现在完成时。句意:雷锋_好多年了,但是,他的精神仍然鼓励着我们。根据时间状语for many years可知句子应该用现在完成时,并且动词应为延续性动词。die的延续性动词为be dead。故选D。,5. (2014省卷31题)I didnt see you at the beginning of the party last night. I _ on my biology report at that time. worked B. work C. was working D. am working,C,【解析】考查过去进行时。句意“昨晚在聚会开始时我没有看到你。” “那个时候我_我的生物报告。”worked一般过去时;work一般现在时;was working过去进行时;am working现在进行时。根据语境可知,是指昨晚聚会开始的时候正在发生的事情,故用过去进行时。故选C。,6. (2014省卷36题)What do you think of the new foreign teacher Thomson? Pretty good. I think he _ a great job so far. A. does B. did C. has done D. was done,C,【解析】考查现在完成时。句意“你认为新来的外教汤姆森怎么样?” “相当好。我认为到目前为止,他_一份了不起的工作。”由语境推知,特别是由so far可知,句子要用现在完成时。故选C。,7. (2013省卷31题)Today s young people can t live without smart phones. They keep their hands on the phones wherever they go, even while they _ meals. had B. will have C. are having D. were having,C,【解析】考查现在进行时。句意:当今的年轻人没有智能手机就不能生活。无论走到哪儿,他们手中都拿着手机,甚至当他们_饭时(也在看手机)。根据句意可判断是当他们正在吃饭时玩手机,又结合while的提示可知此处要用现在进行时。故选C。,8. (2013省卷43题)Your shoes are so old. Why don t you buy a new pair? Because I_ all my money on an MP5. spend B. have spent C. am spending D. was spending,B,【解析】考查现在完成时。句意“你的鞋子这么旧,为什么不买一双新的呢?”“因为我把所有钱都_在一部MP5上了。”根据句意,可知此处是说已经将钱都花了,应用现在完成时表示对现在造成的影响。 故选B。,9. (2012省卷31题)Jenny _ in the kitchen when you called her at 5 o clock this afternoon. is cooking B. was cooking C. cooks D. cooked,B,【解析】考查过去进行时。句意当你今天下午5点给珍妮打电话时,她正在厨房做饭。此处表示当一个动作发生时,另一个动作正在进行,再结合called可知为过去时态,用过去进行时。故选B。,10. (2012省卷39题)Our English teacher is very nice. We _ friends since three years ago. were B. became C. have been D. have made,C,【解析】考查现在完成时及延续性动词的用法。句意:我们的英语老师非常好。自从三年前,我们_朋友。since意为“自从”,因此本句使用现在完成时,且动词用延续性动词。become为非延续性动词,故选C。,11. (2011省卷31题)Alan, its late. Why not go to bed? Jenny hasn t come back yet. I _for her. waited B. have waited C. am waiting D. was waiting,C,【解析】考查现在进行时。句意“艾伦,已经很晚了,你怎么还不睡觉?”“珍妮还没回来,我_她。”分析句意可知是正在等珍妮回来,要用现在进行时。故选C。,12. (2011省卷39题)Our math teacher _ in our school for 20 years and he _ here when he was 23 years old. has taught; has come B. taught; comes C. taught; came D. has taught; came,D,【解析】考查动词时态。句意:我们数学老师在我们学校_20年了,他23岁时_这儿。由for 20 years可确定第一空使用现在完成时;由when he was 23 years old可知后一空应用一般过去时。故选D。,创新猜押 根据标志词确定时态 13. What were you doing this morningwhen I called you?I _ in the supermarket. will shop B. am shopping C. was shopping D. have shopped,C,二,【解析】考查过去进行时。同意“今天早上你在哪里?”“我在超市_。”根据时间状语“this morning”可知强调在过去的一段时间内正在发生的动作,用过去进行时。故选C。,14. The kids may not go to school in the future. They _ at home on computers. study B. studied C. have studied D. will study,D,【解析】考查一般将来时。句意:孩子们将来可能就不用去学校了。他们在家用电脑_。根据前句中的时间状语in the future可知要用一般将来时。故选D。,17. Alice likes doing housework. She _ her room every afternoon. cleans B. cleaned C. will clean D. has cleaned,A,【解析】考查一般现在时。句意:爱丽丝喜欢做家务,她每天下午_她的房间。根据时间状语“every afternoon”可知应用一般现在时,主语为第三人称单数,因此谓语动词需用单三形式。故选A。,19. I went to see you yesterday evening. But you weren t in. Where were you then? I _ a walk by the lake with my husband. was having B. am having C. have had D. have,A,【解析】考查过去进行时。句意“我昨晚去看你,但是你不在家,你那会在哪儿?”“我在湖边和我丈夫_。”根据语境可知,此处指过去那个时候正在做的事情,应用过去进行时。故选A。,根据上下文语境和已有时态确定时态 20. Nick _ a new camera. He has taken lots of pictures with it. buys B. is buying C. bought D. will buy,C,【解析】考查一般过去时。句意:尼克_一个新相机。他用它照了很多照片。根据句意“他用他买的照相机已经照了很多照片”,可知他买照相机的动作发生在过去。故选C,22. Please be quiet! They _ a meeting to make a decision about how to solve this problem. have B. had C. are having D. have had,C,【解析】考查现在进行时。句意:请安静!他们_会议决定如何解决这个问题。根据“Please be quiet!”可知,开会这件事正在发生,应用现在进行时。故选C。,23. I heard a new song on the radio. I _ high and low in the music store, but I cant find the song. search B. have searched C. am searching D. will search,B,【解析】考查现在完成时。句意:我在收音机上听到一首新歌,我在音乐商店里到处_,但是没有找到这首歌。分析句意可知,在音乐库里搜过了,结果没有找到,表示“search”的动作已经完成,所以用现在完成时。故选B。,24. Everyone _ the Spring Festival especially the kids, because they can get red packets. enjoy B. are enjoying C. is enjoying D. enjoys,D,【解析】考查一般现在时。句意:每个人都喜欢_春节,尤其是孩子,因为他们可以收到红包。根据语境可知,此处表达观点、看法,且整句时态为一般现在时。Everyone作主语时,谓语动词需用单三形式。故选D。,25. Keep practicing, and you _ your English. improve B. will improve C. improved D. were improving,B,【解析】考查一般将来时。句意:继续练习,你_ 你的英语。由句意可知,提高英语是继续练习的结果,表示的是将来发生的事,应用一般将来时。故选B。,根据时态呼应确定时态 26. My mother _ the dishes when I got home. has washed B. is washing C. washed D. was washing,D,【解析】考查过去进行时。句意:当我到家的时候妈妈_碗。has washed现在完成时;is washing现在进行时;washed一般过去时;was washing过去进行时。根据句子中的时间状语从句when I got home,可知事件发生在过去;又根据语境可知,表示过去某个时间点正在发生的动作,因此用过去进行时。故选D。,27. Henry will give us a report as soon as he _. arrives B. arrived C. is arriving D. will arrive,A,【解析】考查as soon as引导的时间状语从句的用法。句意:亨利_就会给我们做一个报告。arrives一般现在时的单三形式;arrived一般过去时;is arriving现在进行时;will arrive一般将来时。as soon as意为“一就”,引导的时间状语从句中,主句用将来时,从句往往用一般现在时表示将来故选A。,29. Finish your homework first, or I _ let you watch the movie The Angry Birds. dont B. didnt C. wont D. havent,C,【解析】考查一般将来时。句意:先完成作业,否则我_让你看愤怒的小鸟这部电影的。dont一般现在时的否定形式;didnt一般过去时的否定形式;wont一般将来时的否定形式;havent现在完成时的否定形式。根据语境,可知空格处谈论的是将来发生的事情,应该使用一般将来时的否定形式。故选C。,30.I_tennis with my cousin every day when I was in America. play B. played C. had played D. has played,B,【解析】考查一般过去时。句意为:当我在美国的时候,我每天都和堂兄打网球。play一般现在时;played一般过去时;had played过去完成时;has played现在完成时。when引导的时间状语从句为过去时,故主句也需要用一般过去时态。故选B。,31. If my father takes me to the amusement park, I _ very happy. feel B. have been felt C. felt D. will feel,D,【解析】考查动词时态。句意:如果我爸爸明天带我去游乐场,我_很开心。本句为if引导的条件状语从句,遵循“主将从现”原则。故选D。,满分突破,广东近6年中考对动词时态的考查主要在单项填空和短文填空中进行,初中阶段需掌握六种基本时态:一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、现在完成时。其中现在完成时每年考查1道,对一般现在时的考查,主要结合状语从句的 “主将从现”原则。,考生应通过掌握动词时态的判断技巧来解题。 判断技巧 1. 根据时间状语确定时态(2016.30,2015.31,2014.31) 特定的时间状语往往标志着特定的时态,广东对这一角度的考查主要体现在单项填空中。,只要考生牢记这些时间标志词所对应的时态,答题过程就会变得游刃有余。 例:Thirty-eight pandas _the zoos of other countries as guests so far. visit B. visited C. will visit D. have visited,【方法点拨】根据时间提示语so far和本句描述可知是现在已经完成的动作,故用现在完成时。故选D。 2. 利用上下文语境判断句子的时态(2016.80,2013.31,2013.78,2011.31) 如果一个句子中既没有出现时间状语,也没有可供判断时态的上下文,那么就应当把这个句子翻译成中文,,利用我们的母语知识来判断这个句子该用何种时态。 例:Its six oclock in the morning. Many people _ in the park. are dancing B. dance C.is dancing D. dances,【方法点拨】第步:分析句意:现在是早上六点钟。很多人在公园_ 。第步:分析选项,A项:现在进行时;B项:一般现在时;C项:现在进行时的第三人称单数形式;D项:一般现在时的第三人称单数形式。第步:结合语境可知这里指“现在是早上六点钟”,,人们的动作正在进行,应用现在进行时,且主语为复数。故选A。 3. 根据上下文已有的时态信息确定时态 (2016.76,2015.73,2015.76,2014.74,2012.31,2011.76,2011.78) 有些试题虽然看起来没有时间状语提示词,也不是出现在复合句中,但是上下句的动作存在着明显的时间顺序,,因此可根据上下文已有的时态来判断句子所要选用的时态。 例:I cant find David. Where is he? He _ for tomorrows competition at home. prepares B. prepared C. is preparing D. has prepared,【方法点拨】第步:分析句意“我找不到大卫。他在哪儿?”“他在家里为明天的比赛_ 。”第步:问句为一般现在时,可知答语表示他此刻正在为明天的比赛做准备,应用现在进行时,故选C。 4. 在复合句中根据时态呼应确定时态(2016.39,2015.42,2014.36,2013.43,2012.39,2011.39),主从复合句中谓语动词时态的一致主要有以下几种情况: (1)“主将从现”原则。如果主句是一般将来时, 从句是由 when, after, before, not.until, as soon as 等引导的时间状语从句以及由 if, unless 引导的条件状语从句时,谓语动词应用一般现在时表示将来时间。,例:He is going to be a scientist when he _ up. grows B. grew C. will grow D. has grown 【方法点拨】第步:分析语境:当他_他将成为一位科学家。第步:分析选项,A项:一般现在时的单三形式;B项:一般过去时;C项:一般将来时;,D项:现在完成时。第步:这是一个含when引导的时间状语从句的复合句,根据“主将从现”的原则及从句中的主语“he”可知选A。 (2)“时态一致”原则。在含有宾语从句的主从复合句中,当主句的谓语动词为过去时态时,从句的谓语动词需用相应的某种过去时态。,例:I didnt understand _, so I raised my hand to ask. what my teacher says B. what does my teacher say C. what my teacher said D. what did my teacher say,【方法点拨】第步:分析选项可知本题考查宾语从句的语序及时态。宾语从句需用陈述句语序,排除B、D项。第步:根据“时态一致”原则,即主句的谓语动词为过去时态,从句的谓语动词也需用相应的某种过去时态。故选C。,(3)在主从复合句中,如果主句和从句的谓语动词表示的两个动作都发生在过去,而且有明显的先后顺序,那么延续性动词用过去进行时,短暂性动词用一般过去时。通常在when和while引导的时间状语从句出现。,例:The children a picnic in the park when it suddenly began to rain. A. have B. are having C. had D. were having 【方法点拨】找出题目中的关键词“when”。when引导的时间状语从句的时态为一般过去时,且“began”为短暂性动词,那主句表示延续性的谓语动词应用过去进行时。故选D。,(4)当主句谓语动词的时态为一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时等时态时,后面跟的宾语从句中的谓语动词的时态不受主句时态的限制,可根据具体情况,选用各种合适的时态。,例:I dont know if he _ to play basketball with us. comes B. came C. will come D. has come 【方法点拨】分析句意:我不知道他是否和我们一起打篮球。if作“是否”讲,宾语从句中的谓语动词的时态不受主句时态的限制,因为事情还没有发生,,应用一般将来时。故选C。 5. 固定句型与动词时态间的对应关系 在英语中,不少句型与一些动词在时态的运用方面都存在着特定的对应关系,如: (1)在“祈使句+and/or+陈述句”句型中,陈述句中用will表示一般将来时。,例:Hurry up, or you _ the early bus. miss B. missed C. will miss D. have missed 【方法点拨】分析句子结构可知考查“祈使句+or +陈述句”句型,陈述句的谓语要用“will+动词原形”。故选C。,(2)在This/That/It is the first time (that).句型中用现在完成时。若is改为was,就用过去完成时,有时以上结构中的 first 也可换成 second,third,fourth 等,其中的time也可换成其他名词。,例:This is the first time I a baseball game. A. am watching B. was watching C. have watched D. will watch 【方法点拨】分析句子结构可知此处考查“This is the first time.”句型,从句应用现在完成时。故选C。,常见六种时态的用法和构成,常考动词时态的用法及构成,英语动词有五种基本形式,即动词原形、第三人称单数形式、过去式、过去分词和现在分词。,常见的短暂性动词与延续性动词的转换,
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