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2014江苏省南京市高考英语阅读理解巩固自练阅读理解 (2013乌鲁木齐三诊，A)When I met him, I had a lot of anger inside of me. Ive lived my whole life in Spanish Harlem, but in my neighborhood, there are shootups all the time. I know kids who have been shot or beaten up. I have friends who were barred in prison. I could have ended up that way, too, but Mr. Clark wouldnt let that happen.Mr. Clark worked long hours, making sure I did my work. My grades rose. In fact, the scores of our whole class rose. One day, he took our class to see The Phantom of the Opera, and it was the first time some kids had ever been out of Harlem. Before the show, he treated us to dinner at a restaurant and taught us not to talk with our mouths full. We did not want to let him down.Mr. Clark was selected as Disneys 2000 Teacher of the Year. He said he would draw three names out of a hat; those students would go with him to Los Angeles to get the award. But when the time came to draw names, Mr. Clark said，“Youre all going.”On graduation day, there were a lot of tears. We didnt want his class to end. In 2001, he moved to Atlanta, but he always kept in touch. He started giving lectures about education, and wrote a bestselling book based on his classroom rules, The Essential 55. In 2003, Mr. Clark took some of us on a trip to South Africa to deliver school supplies and visit orphanages. It was the most amazing experience of my life. Its now my dream to one day start a group of womens clubs, helping people from all backgrounds.文章大意：本文是一篇写人记叙文。介绍了“我”的老师Clark先生，他带“我们”欣赏歌剧、领“我们”一起领奖；他写了一本畅销书在他的帮助下，“我”积极生活，没有受到周围不良环境的影响。1What would happen when the time came for Mr. Clark to go to Los Angeles?AMany students would be treated to dinner at a restaurant there.BHe would start his new businesses and get more students there.CAll of his students would go with him to get the award.DHe would take his class to see a movie at a theater there.答案：C细节理解题。根据第三段中的“those students would go with him go Los Angeles to get the award. Youre all going.”可知，当Clark先生去洛杉矶时，他的所有学生将和他一起去领奖。故C项正确。2Which of the following is the name of a book?AThe Phantom of the Opera.BThe Essential 55.CSpanish Harlem.DDisneys 2000 Teacher.答案：B细节理解题。根据最后一段第四句中“. and wrote a bestselling book based on his classroom rules, The Essential 55”可知，The Essential 55是一本书的名字，故B项正确。3From the writers story we can infer that _.Athe writer might have been put into prison without Mr. ClarkBthanks to Mr. Clarks hard work, the writer won the award for Best TeacherCthe writer followed Mr. Clark to South Africa to help old people in poor areasDMr. Clark retired in the year after he was selected as Disneys 2000 Teacher答案：A推理判断题。根据第一段最后两句“I have friends who were barred in prison. I could have ended up that way, too, but Mr. Clark wouldnt let that happen.”可知，要是没有Mr. Clark的帮助，“我”就可能像“我”的朋友那样进监狱了。故A项正确。4According to the text, what does the writer mainly intend to let us know?AMr. Clark was so successful a teacher that he devoted all his life to his career.BThe way Mr. Clark helped to raise the scores of his class.CMuch was Mr. Clark respected and loved by all of his students.DA good teacher has a good influence on his or her students.答案：D主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了“我”的老师Mr Clark对“我”的影响，如果没有他的帮助，“我”很可能像“我”的朋友一样进监狱了。故本文主要说明一个好老师对学生的积极影响。故D项正确。阅读理解解读Expensive perfumes (香水) come in tiny bottles, but many hide a whalesized secret.To perfect a particular smell, perfumemakers often use an ingredient that comes from sperm whales, called ambergris. But using ambergris, which helps a perfume last longer, is strongly opposed by many people who think it is wrong to kill whales just so we can smell sweet. Joerg Bohlmann is neither a perfumer nor a whale expert. Hes a plant biologist at the University of British Columbia in Canada. But his discovery of a new plant gene (基因) might push whales out of the perfume business.The gene comes from fir trees, found throughout North America and commonly used as Christmas trees. The trees produce a chemical that can be used in perfume in place of ambergrisbut with_a_catch.“Theres a problem that many people wouldnt consider. In the tree, the chemical is mixed with many others. That makes separation a challenge，” Bohlmann says. “Its like trying to isolate sugar from a biscuit.”This is where science becomes useful. When Bohlmann learned that fir trees produce the ambergrislike chemical, he decided to use his gene knowhow to find the instructions for how to make the ambergrissubstitute.Bohlmann found that gene and took it out of the tree cells. Then he did something that might sound strange to someone who doesnt work in genetics: Bohlmann put the gene from the tree into yeast (酵母) cells.Yeast may sound familiar because its used to make things like bread, wine and beer. Biologists like to work with yeast because it easily adopts new genes and changes its features and behaviour. When Bohlmann put the fir tree gene into the yeast, the yeast started making the same chemical that had been produced by the tree.Perfumers pay big money for ambergris because it is a fixative, which means it holds a smell in place on a persons body.“Cheap perfumes smell good in the first hour or so and then everything is gone，” explains Bohlmann. “But expensive perfumes are much more stable. Their smell lasts much longer, for hours or even a day after you apply them.”The new chemical, made from the tree genes, can be used as a fixative, too. And using yeast to make it is far cheaper than acquiring ambergris.Bohlmann admits he never thought hed get into the perfume business. But now, he says, producers have been calling to find out how to use his technology in new perfumes.文章大意：本文是一篇科普说明文。介绍了一种使香水香味持久的物质龙涎香，因这一物质来自于鲸，所以遭到人们的反对。科学家们发现一些树中的化学物质可以用来取代它，他们利用酵母菌成功制造出了这些化学物质。16It can be inferred from the passage that if a perfume contains ambergris, _.Aits user probably supports whale huntingBits smell will last for about an hourCthere will be a whale symbol on the bottleDit is probably very expensive17The underlined expression “with a catch” in Paragraph 3 means _.Abeing difficult to hold Bhaving a hidden problemCneeding further testing Dbeing too similar18According to the passage, why are yeast cells often used in genetic research?AThey can take on the characteristics of other genes.BThey can reproduce much faster than other cells.CThey share some of the qualities of plant genes.DTheyre much cheaper to use than ambergris.答案：A细节理解题。根据第七段第二句中“it easily adopts new genes and changes its features and behaviour.”可知，由于酵母菌容易吸收其他基因，并将目的基因成功表达出来，故常被用于基因工程研究中，故A项正确。19What can we learn about Joerg Bohlmann from the passage?AHe is opposed to whale hunting.BHe made his discovery during Christmas.CHe has worked in the perfume industry for many years.DHe has previously done genetic research.20What is the best title for the passage?AThe Christmas trees secret.BThe sweet smell of success.CWhalefree perfume.DSave the whale.阅读理解(2013乌鲁木齐三诊，B)Nowadays, it seems that everybody wants to be a leader. Countless books about how to manage a company or influence others fill bookstores. But one neednt be a CEO or Politician to be a leader. Former U. S. President John Adams said, “If your action inspires others to dream more, learn more, do more and become more, you are a leader.”The key to becoming such a leader lies in character. People follow only those whom they respect, trust and admire. What attractive traits does such a leader have? Below are five of the most important.Leaders have courageThe New York firefighters who ran into the burning World Trade Tower to rescue others are modernday models of courage. Yet even more than physical courage, the everyday demands of modern life require moral courage. Insisting on doing the right thing despite pressure to act otherwise takes such courage.Leaders must face fear and doubt in many of the decisions they make. Having these feelings doesnt mean one isnt courageous. After all, courage is not the absence of fear. Rather, its doing the right thing despite ones fears.Leaders are humbleBeing humble simply means having an accurate view of ones own limitations. Everybody has limitations. Leaders deal with theirs by seeking help from others.When leaders seek help, they recognize the skills that order other people bring to the table. And when they are successful, leaders generously praise all who contributed to the success. Humble leaders dont promote themselves; they promote others.Learning is a lifelong goal, no matter ones position. Humble leaders are never too proud to learn from all sources of knowledgeeven those under them.Leaders serve othersJust Christ said，“If anyone wants to be first, he must be the very last, and the servant of all.” Leaders serve others and put the needs of others before themselves. They make the good of everyone on the team a personal priority.Leaders who serve others help the whole team accomplish more. Leaders do things to make sure everybody has the resources needed. They go the extra mile to help out during a busy rush. When leaders serve, followers are also encouraged to serve each other.Leaders have passionMoney or success can motivate someone to show up for an activity. But what motivates one to really put his heart into something? The answer is passionthe feeling that the activity is significant.Outstanding leaders inspire others because they are motivated by passion for what they do. Leaders show the significance of routine work to others by emphasizing the big picture. They demonstrate how an activity not only benefits the individual, but also ones family, community and entire society. Their passion ignites the passion of others.Leaders have integrityOnes integrity can be measured by what one does when nobody is looking. Leaders practice what they preach all the time, not just in the presence of others. Leaders also set the example for integrity. If a leader values being punctual, he arrives early.Leadership is more about who you are than what you know or can do. By following these principles, you can become a better person. And that in turn will make you a better leader. 文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了领导者的特征和品质，要做一名领导者不一定要做CEO或政客，如果你的行为能激励他人，让他人学到更多，做得更多，成就更多，你就是一名领导者。5Which should be the very beginning of the text?AStrong and effective leadership might have made the team more successful.BLeadership is the position of being the leader.CLeadership is not just about what you know or doits also about who you are!DLeadership refers to the set of characteristics.答案：C推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句“Leadership is more about who you are than what you know or can do.”可知，本文主要讲述领导并不是关于他们所懂的和所做的，而是关于他们个人的品格特征等，首段通常与尾段相呼应，故C项正确。6What does the underlined word “traits” probably mean?AA strong point that one who serves in a special field should be skilled in.BA particular characteristic that can produce a particular type of behavior.CA physical or mental power that is needed to do something.DA clear purpose that a good leader should work with.答案：B词义猜测题。根据该句中的“such a leader have”以及下文所介绍的领导者的五个重要的品格特征可知，traits意为“人的个性特点”，故B项正确。7This action “If a leader wants everyone to work hard, he works harder.” belongs to _.ALeaders are humble BLeaders serve othersCLeaders have passion DLeaders have integrity答案：D推理判断题。根据倒数第二段第三句“Leaders also set the example for integrity.”可知，领导者往往起到榜样的作用，由此可推出，“领导者想要他人努力工作，他也努力工作”能体现出Leaders have integrity这个品质。故D项正确。8What could be the best title for the text?AA Leaders Character BA Leader for an OrganizationCThe Abilities of a Leader DThe Responsibilities of a Leader答案：A标题概括题。根据第二段最后两句“What attractive traits does such a leader have? Below are five of the most important.”以及最后一段第一句“Leadership is more about who you are than what you know or can do.”可知，本文主要讲述了领导者的品质。故A项正确。 阅读理解解读I was driving home the other day on a sunny afternoon. I had a smile on my face as I sang along to the songs on the radio. It was such a beautiful day that I felt full of happiness. My good mood ended, however, when the radio station took a news break between songs. Then suddenly I found myself listening to yet another story of a rich famous man who had broken the law. I shook my head as I came to a red traffic light.As I pulled to a stop I noticed four leatherjacketed bikers. They were standing in the middle of the road with two on either side of the light. They looked rough and dangerous, but as I got closer I noticed each one was holding their helmet in their hands. I rolled down my window as one approached my car. “We are the Brother of the Wheel，” he said. “We are collecting money for Christmas Toy Drive for needy children.” As I pulled a dollar out of my wallet I looked past his beard and into his eyes. They shined with goodness and kindness that came right from his soul. I dropped the money in his helmet and waved to the other bikers as I drove off. My good mood had returned. My faith in mankind had been bolstered. And I remembered once again never to judge people by their appearance.Our society often judges books by their covers but God reads what is written in our hearts and souls. Perhaps one day we will all learn to see the world through the same eyes. Perhaps one day we will realize that looks matter little and actions matter much.文章大意：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者在等红灯时见到了四位穿着皮夹克、骑自行车的年轻人，他们看起来粗鲁而危险，然而他们正在为贫困儿童募捐，他们的目光充满善良和友好。此事让作者意识到，不能以貌取人，而应看他人的行动。1The writers good mood ended when _.Ahe heard news between songsBhe had to stop at a red traffic lightChe heard a rich man broke the lawDhe saw four leatherjacketed bikers2What were the four bikers doing at the traffic lights?AHaving a bicycle race in the street.BSelling helmets to the passersby.CRaising money to help kids in need.DPreparing for Christmas holidays.3What does “bolstered” in the second paragraph probably mean?ADestroyed. BImproved.CDecreased. DExploded.答案：B词义猜测题。根据第二段画线词的上下文内容可知，作者起初对这四个人印象不好，因为他们看起来很粗鲁，并且很危险。但在得知他们真正的目的后，作者的看法改变了。作者对人性的认识得到了提升，明白了“不能以貌取人”的道理。因此bolster应与improve意思相近。故答案选B。4The writer wants to tell us that we should _.Ahave faith in young peopleBjudge others by their actionsCchange our attitude to societyDmanage to help others in need
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