资源描述
词义猜测题解题策略,Lead in,The scientists used detailed genetic analysis to prove that the African savanna elephant and the African forest elephant have been distinct species for several million years. The divergence of the two species took place around the time of the divergence of Asian elephants and woolly mammoths. This result amazed all the scientists. 67. The underlined word “divergence” in paragraph 4 means “_”. A. evolution B. exhibition C. separation D. examination,_,_, 词义猜测题常见的考查形式：,1) The phrase “” in the sentence could be replaced by _. 2) The world “” in the paragraph refers to _. 3) What is the meaning of the underlined word in the paragraph? / What does the underlined word mean? 4) Which of the following is the closest in meaning to the phrase”? 5) The world “” most nearly means _ . 6) What do you think the expression “” stand for? ,词义猜测题解题策略之,-通过上下文进行词义猜测,猜词是英语阅读的重要技巧，也是高考中常考的题型。考生要学会“顺藤摸瓜”，通过构词、定义、对比、因果、联想、上下文等线索(各种已知信息)确定词义。要求猜测词义的词一般为实词(动词、名词、形容词等)。就方法来说，主要根据上下文线索和构词法。高考阅读文章中更侧重前者。, 技巧点拨,【例1】 In slang the term jam constitutes a state of being in which a person finds himself or herself in a difficult situation. 词义：_,困境,Skill 1：,通过_进行猜测,定义句的谓语动词多为：_ _ be called, be known as, define, represent等。,be, mean, deal with, be considered, to be, refer to,Practice : （此题要替换） In fact，only about 80 ocelots, an endangered wild cat , exist in the U.S. today. (NMET 2005浙江) 词义：_,野猫,定义或释义关系, 技巧点拨,【例2】 1) They traveled a long way, at last got to a castle, a large building in old times. _ 2) We are on the night shift-from midnight to 8 a.m.-this week. _,古城堡,夜班,Skill 2：,通过_进行猜测,同位关系,Practice : You should never put a cotton swab or other object into the ear canal. But you can use a swab or cloth to clean the outer part of the ear. The experts agree with the old saying that you should never put anything smaller than your elbow in your ear.,()What does a “swab” mostly probably mean? A. something soft, small and used in clinics B. something hard, long and used at home C. something thin, wet and like an elbow D. something safe, big and like a toy, 技巧点拨,【例3】 If you agree, write “ yes”; if you dissent, write “no”. _ 2) Although a large number of people considered him to have stolen the money, I was sure that he was innocent of the thing. _,不同意,无辜的,Skill 3：,通过_进行猜测,对比关系或反义关系,表示对比、类比或转折的常见信息词有： _ _ yet, despite，in spite of，instead等， 有时也用破折号或冒号等符号.,but，however，while， on the other hand，on the contrary，,【例4】 Some family names were made by adding something to the fathers name. English-speaking people added s or son. The Johsons are descendants of John; the Roberts familys ancestor was Robert. Irish and Scottish people added Mac or Mc or O. perhaps all of the MacDonnells and the McDonnells and the ODonnells are descendants of the same Donnell. (NMET 2010 江苏),The underlined word “descendants” means a persons_. A. later generations B. friends and relatives C. colleagues partners D. later sponsors name. English-speaking,Skill 4：,通过_进行猜测,例证,表示举例或同位语表示释义或举例词语的信息词有_ _ 等，也有e.g.(举例) 、i.e(也就是）。,for example，for instance，such as， in other words，that is to say，namely,Practice : On the farm they mainly raise poultry, such as chickens, ducks and geese, for their eggs and meat. 词义：_,家禽,【例5】 When some kind of pain killer was brought out recently, researchers found that the colours turned the customers off because they made the product look weak and ineffective. Eventually, it come on the market in a dark blue and white package-blue because we think of it as safe, and white as calm. (NMET 2004 广东),The underlined part “the colours turned the customers off ” means that the colours . attracted the customers strongly B. had weak effects on the customers C. tricked the customers into shopping D. caused the customers to lose interest,Skill 5：,通过_进行猜测,因果关系,表示因果关系的信息词有_ _ 等，也有e.g.(举例) 、i.e(也就是）。,because，as，since，for， thus，so，therefore,【例6】 Tom cant find his sneakers. C. shoes,Tom cant find his white sneakers,Tom cant play tennis now because he cant find his white sneakers.,A. money,B. bowls,Skill 6：,通过_进行猜测,生词所在的上下文,When I first became a reporter I knew a man who gave up a very well-paid respectable job at the Daily Telegraph to go and edit a small newspaper. At the time I was astonished by what appeared to me to be his completely abnormal mental state. How could anyone turn his back on Fleet Street in central London for a small local area? I wanted to know. (NMET 2006 广东),The underlined phrase “turn his bake on ”most probably means leave for B. return to C. give up D. rely on,What have you learned today?,1、定义或释义关系,猜 词 技 巧,2、同位关系,3、对比关系或反义关系,4、例证关系,6. 根据生词所在的上下文猜测词义,5、因果关系,根据生词所在的上下文猜测词义,
展开阅读全文