2011年中考英语综合复习易错题归纳 - 中学英语优秀教案教学反思

2021年中考英语综合复习易错题归纳 - 中学英语优秀教案教学反思 1. both 误They both are students.正They are both students.误They refuse both to answer this question.正They both refuse to answer this question.析both作同位语时，一般要用在be动词之后实意动词之前。 误I know his both parents.正I know both his parents.误The both brothers were students.正Both the brothers were students.正Both brothers were students.析当both与形容词性物主代词my，his，her等以及定冠词the连用时，都应将这些词置于both之后。另外，在与定冠词连用时the可以省略。 误Both of my parents are not at home.正Neither of my parents are at home.误Both of your answers are not right.正Neither of your answers is right.正Both your answers are wrong.析both不能用于否认句中作主语。表示“两者都不时要用neither；但作宾语时both与either那么都对，但要注意句意有所不同。例如：I can not give both of the books to you.我不能将两本书全给你。而I can not give either of the books to you.两本书中哪本书也不能给你。 2. bring 误Please bring this dictionary to Mr Brown.正Please take this dictionary to Mr Brown.误Next time, please take your little sister here.正Next time, please bring your little sister here.析英语中bring是“带来，而take是“带走。还有一个词fetch, 表示“到某处去把某物取、接回来。如：Please fetch the doctor at once. 3. business 误My father went to Shanghai for business.正My father went to Shanghai on business.析on business出差 4. busy 误The students were very busy to prepare for the exam.正The students were very busy preparing for the exam.析be busy doing something为“忙于作某事。 误The students were busy for the exam.正The students were busy with the exam.析busy直接接名词时应用with。5. but 误He couldnt help but realizing that he was wrong.正He couldnt help but realize that he was wrong.误She couldnt help to cry when she saw her mother.正She couldnt help crying when she saw her mother.析couldnt help其后应接动名词，表示情不自禁的动作，但couldnt help but后面要加动词原形即省to的不定式，所以前一句应译为“他才真正认识到他错了。 6. buy 误I have bought this dictionary for three years.正I have had this dictionary for three years.析buy是截止性即瞬间动词，它可以有完成时，如：I have bought this dictionary. 但是不能与表示较长的时间状语连用。如要讲我这本字典已买了3年了那么要用have had这一结构即我拥有这本字典已3年了。 7. by 误The boy shot the cat by a gun.正The boy shot the cat with a gun.误He came to school by a taxi this morning.正He came to school by taxi this morning.析作为某种运输手段来讲，by与名词间不能有冠词，如：by car，by bike，by air等。如有了冠词或其他修饰词，那么应用别的相应的介词，如：“我们今天早上是乘他的车来的一句应译为：We came here in his car this morning. 与by结合而成的词组很多，常用的有：by the way顺便说说；by hand手工制作；by oneself单独地；by no means决不。 8. call 误Ill call at Mr Brown.正Ill call on Mr Brown.误Ill call on Mr Browns home.正Ill call at Mr Browns home.析作“拜访讲时，at后面接访问地点，而on后面接访问的人。 call on, drop in, visitcall on比拟正式的为公务的访问，如：We were called on by the old students. 而drop in那么是比拟随便的走走，顺便拜访，如：If youre free, drop in. 而visit那么是更正式的外交访问或友好往来，如：My schools headmaster will visit America next week. 9. can 误A blind man can not judge colours.正A blind man cannot judge colours.误I cannt call for you at ten.正I cant call for you at ten.析can的否认形式应为cannot或cant. 误Its only six oclock. That mustnt be the postman.正Its only six oclock. That cant be the postman.析 must用来表示一种肯定的推断，如：She must have some problems. She keeps crying. 但在否认句中那么要用cant，要表示对过去的推测那么要用“must + have +过去分词的表达法，如：The lights have gone out. A fuse must have blown. 而对过去的否认推测那么多用“cant + have + 过去分词，如：I dont think he can have heard you. Call again. 误We could not help to laugh at once.正We could not help laughing at once.正We could not help but laugh at once.析 “couldnt help + 动名词表示禁不住做了某事。但could not help but与could not but后面要加不带to的不定式，意思都是不得不去做某事.如：You could not (help) but respect him. can, be able tocan与be able to都可以用来表示能力，但can只有现在时与过去时，be able to那么可用任何时态，如：He will be able to teach the child. 但要表示经过努力而到达的一次性动作那么只能用be able to，如：He finally was able to jump over 210 meters. 或：The plane was able to fly over the mountain. 但要注意的是这两个词都没有进行时态，而be able to后面不接不定式的被动态。 can, couldcan与could都可以用在现在时的口语中，只是用could更为礼貌，语气更委婉。如：Could you tell us a story? 10. care 误I dont care coffee.正I dont care for coffee.误Take care for your steps.正Take care of your steps.析 care for是“对某物感兴趣，而care of是“关心，要留神某事，如：She didnt care for him. Take care of what you are doing. 误I dont care where we will go if it doesnt rain.正I dont care where we go if it doesnt rain.析在it doesnt matter，I dont care，I dont mind，及in case引出的状语从句后面要用现在时表示将来。如：Ive got a football in case we have time for a game.1. change 误I want to change my camera with that one.正I want to change my camera for that one.析 change for为“以某物为交换物。而change with那么是“随而变，如：The woods colour changed with the season. 2. cheap 误A teachers salary is generally very cheap.正A teachers salary is generally very low.析工资的上下要用low，cheap是指价格廉价，如果要讲物美价廉那么要用not expensive, 如：This car is not expensive. 3. choose 误We each had to have a choose of A or B.正We each had to have a choice of A or B.析choice是名词，而choose是动词。 4. class 误The class is watching TV.正The class are watching TV.析class作主语时，如果作为整体讲那么应用单数形式的谓语动词，如：The class was more than forty in number. 如考虑到具体的每个成员时那么应用复数形式的谓语动词，如：The class are, in general, very bright. 5. clean 误Sorry, I didnt bought it here. I cleanly forgot.正Sorry, I didnt bought it here. I clean forgot.析clean可以作为副词讲，其意为“完全，而cleanly那么意为“正确地、“干净利落地，如：The knife doesnt cut cleanly. 而clean作为形容词讲时意为“清洁的、“干净的，如：Her face is not clean now. 6. clever 误Im not clever in English.正Im not clever at English.析clever at是固定搭配，表示在某方面有特长。 7. close 误It is cold outside. Please keep the door close.正It is cold outside. Please keep the door closed.析这里的close是动词，意为“关闭，而keep后要加形容词，所以要用close的过去分词形式closed作形容词。作形容词用的close意为“近的、“亲密的。 误Come closely so that I can see you.正Come close so that I can see you.误Good teaching and good testing are close related.正Good teaching and good testing are closely related.析close，closely同样可以作副词用，但其意义不同，close是“靠近、“接近之意，而closely那么是“紧密、“严密、“密切之意。 误My school was quite close from my home.正My school was quite close to my home.析“与接近是close to .，例如：He was close to fifty.There is a bus stop close to the station. close, shut, turnshut与close是同义词，如close the door或shut the door. 但要讲把某人关在门外时那么只能用shut somebody out而不能用close，因shut语气较强，并含有隔离之意。而turn off是指关上电视、电灯、煤气之类，有切断之意。 8. cloth 误The children wear very good cloth to go to school.正The children wear very good clothes to go to school.误I need a lot of clothing. Im going to make a new cloth.正I need a lot of cloth. Im going to make a new dress.析cloth是“布、“布料，没有复数形式。一块布料是a piece of cloth，而clothes统指衣服，是复数名词，“一套衣服要讲a suit of clothes，如果是“一件件衣服应讲shirt，dress，sweater等。而clothing是衣物的总称，是不可数名词。例如：This clothing is needed in warm countries. Her clothes are made of fine cloth. 英语中的dress是指比拟正式的服装，如a school dress校服，a student dress学生套装，a working dress工作服。 9. coffee 误Please give me two waters.正Please give me two coffees.正Please give me two cups of water.析虽然coffee，water，tea等都是物质名词，但是只有coffee可用coffees取代假设干杯coffee，而其他的却不行，其前要加a cup of或a glass of. 10. colour (color) 误Colours of flowers are red, yellow and white.正Flowers are red, yellow and white.析中文的“花的颜色有红色、黄色和白色，假设译为英文Colours of flowers are .，就显得重复了。 误I like green colour.正I like green.正I like colour green.析colour green中的colour是green的同位语，所以这种说话方式英语是可以接受的。1. come 误I came across with an old friend in the street yesterday.正I came across an old friend in the street yesterday.析 come across是“偶然碰见、遇见，要直接加宾语，如：Ive just come across a beautiful poem in this magazine. 误A: Where do you come from? B: I come from the station.正A: Where did you come from? B: I came from the station.正A: Where do you come from? B: I come from China.析 Where do you come from?意为“你是什么地方的人?而Where did you come from?那么是“你从何处来? 误The stars are coming out from the cloud.正The stars are coming out of the cloud.析come out of意为“从地方出来。 come in, come into, entercome in与come into的意义相同，但come into后面要加宾语，而come in后面不用宾语。如I found someone came into my room. The door opened and the child came in.enter常作为及物动词使用，如：The bus entered the English tunnel. 2. congratulate 误I want to congratulate you for your success with all my heart.正I want to congratulate you on your success with all my heart.析动词congratulate somebody on something是“向某人祝贺某事。其名词congratulation在用时一般要用复数，如：I offered him my congratulations on his success.又如：Congratulations! 3. cook 误My father is a good cooker.正My father is a good cook.析很多动词加上er那么变为执行该动作的一种人，如work - worker, teach - teacher. 但cook即是动词“做饭，同时名词也是“厨师。而cooker那么是“厨具、“炊具之意。如：I will cook the dinner. I bought a good press cooker高压锅。 4. corner 误There is a post office in the corner of the street.正There is a post office at the corner of the street.误A girl sat at the corner of the room.正A girl sat in the corner of the room.析 in the corner是在建筑物内部的角上，而at the corner是在外部的角上，如：There is a big tree at the corner of the building. 5. cost 误I cost ten dollars for the book.正I spent ten dollars on the book.误I cost two hours to do my homework.正It took me two hours to do my homework.析cost，spend，take都可以作“花费讲，但用法不同。cost的用法是“something + cost + somebody + 时间或金钱，如：The book cost me ten dollars. spend的用法是“somebody + spend + 时间 + (in)doing something，如：I spent two hours (in) writing this book. 或“somebody + spend + 金钱 + on something，如：I spend two dollars on this book. 而take的用法那么要用逻辑主语it：“It + takes + somebody + 时间 + to do something, 如：It took me an hour to clean the classroom. 6. country 误You can find cows in a country.正You can find cows in the country.析country即可作“国家讲，也可作“农村讲。当作“农村讲时，一定要加定冠词，而且只有单数形式。 误Farmers live in the countries.正Farmers live in the country.析但作为“国家讲时那么可有单、复数形式，例如：Japan is an Asian country. Japan, China, and India are Asian countries.另外，country一般指的是地理概念上的国家，如：New Zealand is an agricultural country. 而nation多指民族组成的国家，如：The Chinese nation中华民族。state多侧重于政权方面的区域、国家范围，如：the state farm国营农场。 7. cross 误There are traffic lights at the cross.正There are traffic lights at the crossing.析cross作为名词讲时是十字架、十字形的东西，如：Red Cross红十字会。 误The little boy is going to across the street.正The little boy is going to cross the street.析across是副词或介词，但不能作动词用。 cross, passcross是指横过某地，如：He crossed the square. 而pass那么强调从某物体旁经过，如：I mailed some letters when I passed the post office. 8. crowd 误The room soon was crowded by people.正The room soon was crowded with people.析crowded在这句话中应作为形容词，所以这句话不是被动语态而是系表结构，如：The room was crowded with books. 9. cup 误A silver glass was given to the winner.正A silver cup was given to the winner.误My mother was looking for the whisky cup.正My mother was looking for the whisky glass.析glass一般指由玻璃制成的器皿，而cup多指用陶瓷或金属制成的杯子，且cup尤其用在奖杯上。喝酒多用的是玻璃制成的杯子，如我们讲I drink a glass of wine at supper. 而不讲I drink a cup of wine at supper. 10. dance 误Well invite you and your wife to a dance party.正Well invite you and your wife to a dancing party.正Well invite you and your wife to a dance.正Well invite you and your wife to a ball.美语中常用ball作为舞会。