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直接引语变间接引语,1.时态变化,1).时态需要变化的是： 2).时态不需要变化的是：,.一般现在时变一般过去时： The girl said, “Im sorry for being late for class.” The girl said that she was sorry for being late for class.,1).时态需要变化：,.一般过去时变过去完成时： He said to me, “I met your father.” He told me that he had met my father.,.一般将来时变过去将来时： She said, “He will go to see his friend.” She said he would go to see his friend.,.现在完成时变过去完成时： She said. “I have lost a pen.” She said that she had lost a pen .现在进行时变过去进行时： She said to me, “Im studying Japanese these days.” She told me that she was studying Japanese those days.,2).时态不需要变化：,a. 直接引语中是： .客观真理： “The earth goes around the sun.” said the teacher. The teacher said the earth goes around the sun.,.过去完成时： She said, “They had left when I arrived there.” She said they had left when she arrived there. .过去进行时： Jack said, “John, where were you going when I met you in the street?” Jack asked John where he was going when he met him in the street.,2.人称变化,一般遵循这句顺口溜 “一随主，二随宾，第三人称无变化”,1).“一随主”是指引号内的主语人称是第一人称或被第一人称修饰，变间接引语时，人称要变成引号外的主语人称。如： .They said, “We will go there by bus.” They said they would go there by bus. .She said “My sister wants to go with me.” She said (that) her sister wanted to go with her.,2).“二随宾”是指引号内的主语及宾语是第二人称或被第二人称修饰，变间接引语时，人称要变成引号外的宾语人称。如果引号外没有宾语，也可以用第一人称。如： .She said to me, “Are you interested in science?” She asked me if I was interested in science. .He said to Kate. How is your sister now? He asked Kate how her sister was then.,3).“第三人称不用变”是指引号内的主语及宾语是第三人称或被第三人称修饰，人称一般不需要变化。如： .His mother said to me, “He cant go to school.” His mother told me that he couldnt go to school. .Mr Smith said, Jacks brother is a good worker. Mr Smith said Jacks brother was a good worker.,1).this - that He said, “I want this.” He said that he wanted that. 2).these - those He said, These books are mine. He said that those books were his.,3.指示代词变化,(如果转述发生在当天、当地的事，引语中的(come, here, today, this morning, yesterday,tomorrow)等不必改变： Bobs wife said, “Bob, you forgot your wallet this morning.” Bobs wife told Bob that he forgot his wallet this morning.,1).now - then He said, “I am very busy now.” He said he was very busy then. 2).today - that day Kitty said “Ill call again after supper today.”,4.时间状语变化,3).tonight - that night 4).this week (month, etc) - that week (month, etc) 5).yesterday - the day before,6).yestersay morning - the morning before 7).the day before yesterday - two days before 8).last week (month, etc) - the week (month, etc) before,9).tomorrow - the next (following) day 10).tomorrow morning - the next (following) morning 11).the day after tomorrow - in two days time,12).next week (month, etc) - the next (following) week (month, etc) 13).a/one year (two years) ago - a/one year (two years) before,5.地点状语变化,1).here - there 如： He said, “Ill come here tonight.” He said he would go there that night. 如果转述发生在当天、当地的事，引语中的here不必改变：,1).bring - take He said, “I will bring the dictionary to you tonight.” He said that he would take the dictionary to me that night. 2).come - go Peter said. “You had better come here today.” Peter said I had better go there that day.,6.动词变化,3).can - could Tom said, “I can swim across this river.” Tom said that he could swim that river. 4).may - might Mary said to Jim, “You may go home now.” Mary told Jim that he might go home then.,如果转述发生在当天、当地的事，引语中的come不必改变：,改错：,1.John said that he is going to London with his father. 2.He told me that he has taught English since he came here. 3.The teacher told me that I must pay more attention to his pronunciation. 4.He said these books were his.,5.She said that she would go this evening 6.He said that he was washing his clothes now. 7.She told me that she was studying Japanes these days.,答案：,1.is - was 2.has - had 3.his - my 4.these - those 5.this - that 6.now - then 7.these - those,I wonder if it is because I havent been able to be outdoors for so long that Ive grown so crazy about everything to do with nature It is because I havent been able to be outdoors for so long that Ive grown so crazy about everything to do with nature,强调句型 It is/was +被强调部分+that+其他成分 强调人时可用who代替that 可对主语，宾语，表语，状语进行强调 Is和was 要根据具体时态而定 不能强调谓语 对原因状语的强调要用because引导,I met my old friend in the street yesterday. It was I who/that met my old friend in the street yesterday. It was my old friend that/who I met in the street yesterday. It was in the street that I met my friend yesterday. It was yesterday that I met my old friend in the street.,强调句型的验证，只要去掉it is/was 和that,句子结构仍然完整。 It is the first time that I have come to this school. It is on the first day of july that I met her.,-Wheredidyougettoknowher?-Itwasonthefarm_weworked.A.thatB.thereC.whichD.where,3. - Whats the matter with you? - _ the window, my finger was cut unexpectedly. CleaningB. To clean C. While cleaning D. While I was cleaning,Practice makes perfect!,
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