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扬州市2014高考英语阅读理解一轮暑假练习题（5）及答案解析维A1 阅读理解(每题2分，满分8分)选材相似度：设题相似度：难度系数：The Scottish government has raised its target for sourcing electricity from renewable energy by 30 percentage points.Three years ago，it set out to achieve 50% from green power within 10 years.But new industry research suggested that the countrys renewable energy potential was bigger than thought.First Minister Alex Salmond has now announced that the government is setting a new target of 80% of electricity from renewables by 2020.He said: “We are already on the path to a low carbon economyScotland gets nearly a quarter of its electricity from green sources.”“Scotland is ideally placed to help lead the renewables revolution and thinking of the levels of planned investment over the next decade.”“I believe it is now time to aim higher and to go further.”An independent analysis was commissioned by Scottish Renewables into the countrys renewable energy potential，which includes power drawn from wind，tidal，wave and hydro turbines，and energy from waste.It said the 2007 target of sourcing 50% of power needs from green sources within 10 years could easily be reached.It said it should reach 31% by next year，and there are several large projects which have already won approval and will come_on_stream after that.At a conservative estimate of increased generation and reduced demand，the country could have 81% renewable electricity within a decade，consultants Garrad Hassan claimed.With more ambitious assumptions about investment and consumption，renewables could provide 123% of Scotlands power needs.The surplus could be used for exports，requiring improved connectors out of Scotland.Notes：commission vt.委任；委托turbine n涡轮surplus n盈余长短句分析：An independent analysis was commissioned by Scottish Renewables into the countrys renewable energy potential，which includes power drawn from wind，tidal，wave and hydro turbines，and energy from waste.句法点睛：这是一个比较复杂的复合句。“into the countrys renewable energy potential”为介词短语，修饰analysis，而后面的which引导的定语从句也修饰analysis。句意：一项独立的对再生能源的潜力的分析由英格兰再生能源组织委托。再生能源的潜力包括从风、潮汐、波浪和水涡中获得的能量，以及从废物中获得的能源。【语篇解读】 在过去的几年里，苏格兰的绿色能源已经产生了非常好的效果，原来预计的未来十年增长50%将改为80%。分析表明，苏格兰有巨大的绿色能源，如果将来苏格兰产生123%的国家所需能量，他们将把这些绿色能源出口，这将大大改善苏格兰与其他国家的合作。1Whats the best title of the passage?ANew target for Scottish renewable energyBPlan for the usage of renewable energy in ScotlandCHope for a low carbon economyDRenewables in great need in Scotland答案A主旨大意题。全文讲述了苏格兰在绿色能源使用上取得初步成就后，订立新的目标，将低碳绿色能源进行到底的事情。B有一定的干扰性，联系全文可知，苏格兰已经实现了原来制定的使用绿色能源的目标，现在将未来十年的目标由原来的50%提高到80%。2From what First Minister Alex Salmond said we can infer _.AScotland wants to be the top country using green sourcesBScotland is short of exportsCin the past Scotland didnt use renewable energyDScotland doesnt want to invest on green sources答案A推理判断题。联系他说的“Scotland is ideally placed to help lead the renewables revolution”可知，他的目标是苏格兰在绿色能源使用上处于领先地位。3What does the underlined phrase “come on stream” mean in the 10th paragraph?ASail on the river. BBe discussed.CBe put to an end to. DBe carried out.答案D词义理解题。联系前面的“have already won approval”可知，一些工程项目已经得到支持，下一步就是实施，因此D项最佳。4What can we see from the last paragraph?AScotland wants to save some energy.BScotland will produce more renewables for other countries.CScotland will broaden its peoples daily product consumption.DScotland will need more foreign investment.答案B主旨大意题。联系文章最后一句“The surplus could be used for exports”可知，未来苏格兰将产生国家所需要的123%的绿色能源，而盈余部分将用于出口。*结束 (2010银川一中模拟) Timeout, extra chores and taking away privileges are more useful forms of disciplining (惩罚) naughty children than spanking or hitting, according to a study on Wednesday. About 94 percent of parents use some form of physical punishment to teach their twoyearolds right from wrong, according to research studies. But psychologists say it could lead to later emotional and behavioral problems. Even children who were only spanked some of the time are more likely to show signs of sadness or have less confidence. “The key is to be fair and do the same thing each time. Doing something like hitting a child that seems cruel at best doesnt help and can put a child at risk for problems，” said Dr Paul Frick, of the University of New Orleans in Louisians. “It is better to use other punishments，” he added. The use of physical punishment to teach children has long been debated. In countries such as Austria, Finland, Germany and Sweden, it is illegal to use physical punishment at home or in schools. Frick and his team, who studied the effects of physical punishment on 98 children, said they couldnt find any positive effects. Some children learned more from the hitting than what the parent was trying to teach them. “The key is to have a lot of different forms of punishment depending on the age of the child，” said Frick, who reported his findings in the Journal of Applied Child Psychology. He recommended timeout for younger children and taking away television and electronic toys for older children. Giving extra chores can also get the message across. Other measures are at least as effective as physical punishment and have less harmful potential consequences. The researchers kept children whom they thought were at risk of later conduct problems out of the test and an equal number of other children who acted as a control group, to study what measures would be most helpful. They questioned the parents and the children about positive and negative parenting behavior including the use of physical punishment. “We got it from both viewpoints，” said Frick. He added that children on the receiving end of a hit can learn that when they are upset and angry they hit, rather than understanding their behavior was wrong and that they need to do better.1. Whats the purpose of the writer to write this article? A. To debate if physical punishment is illegal. B. To introduce how to deal with young kids. C. To talk about how to discipline young kids. D. To order parents not to spank young kids.2. Which of the following punishments is NOT recommended by Frick and his team?A. Taking away toys. B. Not allowing watching TV.C. Doing more housework.D. Switching TV channels.3. What should be kept in mind when disciplining a kid? A. How he or she usually behaves. B. Tell them why they are punished. C. Use different forms of punishment each time. D. Be fair and stick to the same principle.4. According to the passage, why did Dr Frick advise against physical punishment? A. Because the children may take hitting people as a solution to problems. B. Because the children will learn their behavior is wrong in time. C. Because it is illegal to use physical punishment in certain countries. D. Because parents think its the easiest way to teach kids right from wrong.答案与解析：对于如何对待犯错的孩子这个问题人们看法不一，然而一项调查表明，比体罚更有效的做法是timeout, extra chores与taking away privileges。1C推理判断题。结合全文尤其是文章第一段给出的调查结果可知，本文的中心是如何惩罚犯错误的孩子，因此选项C正确。2D细节理解题。根据文章倒数第六段中的“He recommended timeout for younger children and taking away television and electronic toys for older children. Giving extra chores can also get the message across.”可知，转换电视频道不是他们给出的惩罚孩子的建议。3D细节理解题。根据文章第四段首句“The key is to be fair and do the same thing each time.”可知惩罚孩子时关键要做到公平和原则一致。选项C与本句矛盾。4A细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“. learn that when they are upset and angry they hit.”可知，体罚会让孩子采用错误的处事方法，即会采用粗暴的方法。*结束
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