2013年高考英语二轮专题思路点拨及增分训练 阅读理解3

2013高考英语二轮专题思路点拨及增分训练阅读理解031. 寻找主题句，确定文章主题 在许多情况下，尤其在阅读说明文和议论文时，根据其篇章特点我们可以通过寻找短文的主标题位于文章之首，用来高度概括文章内容，点明文章主题。它的特点是：短小精悍，多为一短语；涵盖性强，一般要求能覆盖全文，其确定的范围要恰当，既不能太大，也不能太小。精确性强，不能随意改变语言表意的程度及色彩。在选择标题时，要注意三点：第一：要在阅读原文的基础上，仔细考虑这句话或短语与文章主题是否有密切的联系；第二：再看它对文章的概括性或覆盖面如何；第三：要注意题目是过大还是过小。答案速递I. 1. A 。短文中没有主题句，通过仔细阅读全文，从例证关系来分析，本文的主题思想应归纳为：People enjoy different kinds of recreation. 因此，A为正确答案。2. A 。上面这段话的主题句位于本段的中间：The flood of cheaper foreign cars has not cost American autoworkers their jobs as some experts expected. 据此，此题的正确答案应为A.。3. C。四项选择中A项和D项内容太具体，不能概括段落的主旨思想。B项内容又太笼统，超出了作者的原意。只有C项才准确地概括出段落的主旨思想。4. D 。这一篇短文前几句只讲述了具体情况，均不具备主题句的特征，只有最后一句话是概括性的、总结性的，因此本段的最后一句是主题句，故正确答案是D。5. D这是一篇报道，文章的第一段只有两句话：“20个学生(2女18男)有充分的理由为自己感到自豪，因为他们夺得了第五届华罗庚杯数学竞赛的金奖，是4百万参赛学生中的佼佼者”，下文接着对竞赛的有关情况进行报道，因此，第一段实际上就是这篇报道的主题句。A、B、C分别只包含了报道的部分信息，显然不合题意；D选项与主题句的意思完全一致，因此是正确答案。II. D。文章以月球人的问题Why are you traveling to outer space when you dont even use your inner space? 引起话题，接着讲叙了人类目前对地下空间的利用现状，结尾以地下空间开发的支持者的话点题 building down rather than building up is a good way to use the earths space。A选项只是本文话题的部分意思，不是主要话题；B选项与文章的意思无关；文章主要是讲地下空间的开发利用，而不是讲如何享受地下生活，因此C选项与文章的主题也无关；D选项符合文章的主要内容，与主题句的意思一致，因此，是该题的正确答案。单词百宝箱brew n. 调制,酿造He brewed cups of thick Turkish coffee.他调制了几杯很浓的土耳其咖啡。ingredients n. (混合物的)组成部分; 配料; 构成要素,因素Flour and fat are the most important ingredients.面粉和油脂是最重要的配料。breeze n. 微风,轻风It was steaming hot; there was no breeze at all.天气闷热,一点风也没有。insatiable adj. 不知足的, 贪求无厌的The young man has an insatiable hunger for knowledge.这个年轻人有着一副永不满足的求知欲。orientation n. 方向,目标The winding trail caused the hikers to lose their orientation.蜿蜒的小径使徒步旅行者迷失了方向。insult v. vt.侮辱,辱骂You will insult her if you dont go to her party.你要是不去参加她举办的聚会,就对她太无礼了。acquaintance n. . 熟人We talked as if we were old acquaintances.我们就好像是老相识般谈话。rung n.地位, 横档Hard work and long hours are rungs in the ladder of success. 刻苦努力和孜孜不倦是成功的阶梯。wilderness n. n. 荒野, 茫茫一片, 大量, 荒地The surrounding country is a wilderness of sand. 周围是茫茫一片砂石地。 时文阅读Traditional forms of work also changed. Some people were better at performing a particular task than other clan members, so then began to specialize in things they were good at doing. This also meant that they began to exchange their goods for things that others produced.People began to communicate with distant tribes. Land was cleared for roads. Foreign plants and animals were transported to places where they had not existed before. Specialization also give people more free time. So art ,dance and music became important ways of expressing feelings and thoughts. This was how many great civilizations started.Compared to the past, modern civilization has experienced many changes to become the highly developed society that exists today. Populations have increased rapidly. Forests have been cleared for farms. Inventions and technology have made work easier.However, pollution and other serious problems have also resulted from human progress. As concerned citizens, it is up to us to learn from past mistakes and to help maintain and improve our environment.1 Early tribes didnt have much effect on animal population because_A .they kept animals for themselves B they ate only vegetablesC they loved animals D they killed only enough for food2 The main purpose for small clans to join together was_A to hurt animals B to seek safety C to share caves D to protect environment3 According to the passage ,we can learn that_A early people moved to new places looking for new sources of foodB modern civilization began when people started to live together in big groupsC modern advancements are always good for the environmentD people began to exchange goods because they didnt have enough money 4 It can be concluded from the passage that_A human progress has brought civilization to the societyB civilization has improved traditional forms of workC early people understood environmental protectionD our environment has been affected by human progressMother Knows Best?Once while being prepared for a television interview, I was chatting with the host about stay-at-home fathers. I made the point that one reason were seeing more stay-at-home dads may be that its no longer a given (a known fact) that a man makes more money than his wife. Many families now take earning power into account when deciding which parent will stay home.At that point, one of the male crew members commented, almost to himself but loud enough for my benefits, “It should be the better parent who stays at home”. A lot of guys say things like that.I was a stay-at-home father for eight years, so what he said made me excited.It implied that our familys choice could only have been correct if I was a “better” parent than my wife.I think men shoot themselves in the foot with this kind of thinking. I suppose an argument could have been made that when I began staying home my wife was the “better” parent: she had spent more time with our son, could read him better and calm him more quickly. And given a choice, hed have picked her over me. But as she was the more employable one, my wife went out to work and I looked after our son.Know what? I caught up. Because of the increased time I spent with him, I soon knew him well, understood what he needed and could look after him more or less as my wife could. Actually, the experience helped me unlock one of the worlds great secrets: Women are good at looking after the children because they do it. Its not because of any born female gift or a mothers instinctwhich I think is mostly learned anyway. Its because they put in the time and attention required to become good at the job.Women obviously get a biological head start from giving birth and nursing, but over the long term experience is more important. When I got the experience myself, I was good, too. As good? I dont know. Who cares? Children are not made of glass. Other people are capable of looking after them besides Mom.64.Which of the following does the first paragraph imply?A. Men are no longer given the chance to stay at home as they used to.B. In some families the wives are earning more than their husbands.C. The author is telling the readers that he works in the TV station. D. There are more stay-at- home fathers than stay-at-home mothers. 65. The author decided to stay at home eight years ago because _.A. it was easier for his wife to find a job B. he thought he was the better fatherC. their son liked him a little bit better D. he was earning more than his wife did66. Women are better than men at taking care of children because _.A. they were born with the ability B. they love children and enjoy it C. they spend more time doing itD. they have learned it at school67. Which of the following is the authors conclusion drawn at the end?A. He is better than his wife at taking care of children.B. He is as good as his wife at taking care of children.C. Either fathers or mothers can take care of children.D. Both fathers and mothers cannot take care of children.64-67 BACC