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四级考试专题辅导,Translation,考 点,1. 固定搭配，固定表达 e.g. By contrast, American mothers were more likely _ (把孩子的成功归因于) natural talent. 大纲样题 KEY: oweto/ attribute to Specialists in intercultural studies say that it is not easy to (适应不同文化中的生活). 06.12 KEY: adapt to You will not _in time of great hunger (对食物挑剔). KEY: be particular about/ be selective about,考 点,2. 词的正确选择 e.g. Not only _ (他向我收费过高), but he didnt do a good repair job either. 大纲样题 KEY: overcharge Though a skilled worker, _(他被公司解雇了) last week because of the economic crisis . KEY: fire (为了挣钱供我上学)_, mother often takes on more work than is good for her. KEY: make money/ earn money,考 点,3. 核心语法 e.g. The victim (本来会有机会活下来) if he had been taken to hospital in time. 06.12 KEY: would have a chance to survive The professor required that _(我们交研究报告) by Wednesday. 06.6 KEY: we (should) hand in our research reports The witness was told that under no circumstances ( ) (他都不应该对法庭说谎). KEY: should he lie to the court / is he allowed to lie to the court,核心语法,虚拟语气 If引导的虚拟条件句 与现在事实相反： If I were you, I would work harder at English. 与过去事实相反： If you had taken a taxi instead of the bus, you would have more chance of catching the train. 与将来事实相反： If it should rain/rained tomorrow, the meeting would be put off. 变体：省略if e.g. Had you been here earlier, you would have seen him. Should there be a meeting tomorrow, I would come. Were I in school again, I would work harder.,核心语法,2. 表建议、主张、要求、命令的动词的宾语从句中(should) +动词原形 建议：suggest, propose, recommend, advise 主张：insist, maintain, hold, urge, advocate, prefer 要求：ask, request, require, demand, desire, prefer, arrange 命令：order, command e.g. I suggest that we (should) have a meeting. The doctor ordered that she (should) stay in bed for a few days. 同样，表示建议、命令、主张、要求、愿望等的名词后的同位语从句中用(should) +动词原形 e.g. We all agreed to his suggestion that we (should) go to Beijing for sightseeing.,核心语法,3. It is important/ necessary/ natural/ essential/ strange/ urgent/ vital/ advisable/ crucial that sb (should) do It is a pity/ a shame/ no wonder that sb (should) do It is suggested/ ordered/ demanded/ requested that sb (should) do 4. It is (high) time +动词过去时/ that sb should do e.g. It is high time we went to bed/ we should go to bed.,核心语法,5. 用于表达虚拟愿望(wish/ if only) e.g. I wish it were spring all the year round. (现在) I wish I had taken your advice. (过去) I wish you could go with us. (将来) If only I were a bird/ I had taken his advice/ the rain would stop! 6. 虚拟样态 (as if/ though) e.g. He looks as if he were an artist. He speaks English so fluently as if he had been taught in Britain. It looks as it might rain.,核心语法,7. 含蓄条件句 e.g. But for your help, I would have failed the exam. Without air, there would be no living things. Without your help, I wouldnt have succeeded. I was busy, otherwise I would have given you more help. Under more favorable conditions, the experiment could have succeeded. Born in better times, he would have got college education.,核心语法,倒装句 Hardly/Barely/Scarcely(倒装句式)when No sooner(倒装句式) than e.g. Hardly/Barely/Scarcely had he arrived at the station when the train began to leave. No sooner had she gone out than the telephone rang. 2.Not only (倒装句式) but (also) e.g. Not only did I know her, but I was her best friend. 3. 以Not until开头的句子用倒装句式 e.g. Not until the teacher came did I learn anything about it.,核心语法,4. 以Only开头的句子 e.g. Only by working hard can we succeed in our studies. Only when he told me did I realize what trouble he was in. 5. 以某些否定词,如hardly/ scarcely/ seldom/ never/ barely/ rarely/ little/ by on means/ nowhere/ in no time/ in no case/ on no account/ not once/ under no circumstances/ not a bit等开头的句子 e.g. Never shall I do this again. Nowhere could I find him. Little did he know who the woman was. By no means shall I fail in the exam.,核心语法,Not once has he failed to fulfill his task. Under no circumstances could we agree to such a principle. 强调句 e.g. 直到老师来了我们才开始做实验 It was not until the teacher came that we began to do the experiment. (正常句式：We did not begin to do the experiment until the teacher came. 倒装：Not until the teacher came did we begin to do the experiment.),考 点,4. 习惯表达/ 重点句型 e.g. The nations population continues to rise (以每年1200万人的速度). 06.12 KEY: at a speed of 12 million per year Having spent some time in the city, he had no trouble (找到去历史博物馆的路). 06.6 KEY: (in) finding the road/way to the history museum. The more you explain, (我愈糊涂). KEY: the more confused I am,复习建议,多记重点词和短语，通过熟悉例句或造句进行记忆 巩固和强化基础语法知识，同样应结合例句记忆 做翻译练习时有意识的用尽可能多的表达方法翻译，锻炼语言的灵活性 例如：(为了挣钱供我上学)_, mother often takes on more work than is good for her. 可以写出如下多种翻译：To earn money for my education; In order to make money to finance my education ; In order to make money to fund my education ; In order to earn money to afford my education等。 可参照旧题型中词汇语法单选题部分，挖掘考点,解题方法,第一步，看全句，判断所填部分的形式（在句中的成分，语态，语气等）和时态。 第二步，看所填部分中文意思，选词译出英文 第三步， 检查，写出正确的译文 例如： The victim (本来会有机会活下来) if he had been taken to hospital in time. 第一步：由句子结构可以推出，划线处应该填写谓语动词和宾语使得主句完整，并且主句形式、时态根据后面的if he had been taken to hospital in time确定应该采取虚拟语气，是对过去的虚拟。 第二步：选词：“有机会”= have a chance to do sth，“活下来”=survive 第三步：根据与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句结构补充完整would have had a chance to survive.,
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