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2014高考英语冲刺阅读理解专项 50-39AIve written 14 moviesMy characters smoke in many of them, and they look cool and glamorous（有魅力的） doing itSmoking was an integral（必需的） part of many of my screenplays because I was a heavy smokerIt was part of a bad-boy image Id cultivated for a long time smoking, drinking, partying, rock n rollSmoking, I once believed, was every persons rightThe second-hand smoke was non-existent problem invented by professional do-goodersI put all these views into my playsRemembering all this, I find it hard to forgive myselfI have been an accomplice (帮凶) to the murders of untold numbers of human beingsI am admitting this only because I have made a deal with GodSpare me, I said, and I will try to stop others from committing the same crimes I didEighteen months ago I was diagnosed with throat cancer, the result of a lifetime of smokingI am alive but disabledMuch of my larynx (喉) is goneI have some difficulty speaking; others have some difficulty understanding meI havent smoked or drunk for 18 months now, though I still take it day by day and pray for helpI believe in prayer and exerciseI have walked five miles a day for a year, without missing even one dayQuitting smoking and drinking has taught me the hardest lesson Ive ever learned about my own weakness; it has also given me the greatest affection and empathy(同感) for those still addictedI dont think smoking is every persons right anymoreI think smoking should be as illegal as heroin（海洛因）Im no longer such a bad boyI go to church on SundayIm desperate to see my four boys grow upI want to do everything I can to undo the damage I have done with my own big-screen words and imagesScreen writers know, too, that some movie stars are more likely to play a part if they can smoke because they are so addicted to smoking that they have difficulty stopping even during the shooting of a sceneMy hands are bloody; so are HollywoodsMy cancer has caused me to attempt to cleanse（彻底清洁） meI dont wish my fate upon anyone in Hollywood, but I beg that Hollywood should stop putting it upon millions of others1. The main idea of this passage probably is _A. the writer is ashamed of the bad effects his screenplays have had on human beingsB. the writers smoking experience nearly killed himselfC. the bad effects that Hollywood screenplay have brought to childrenD. the determination of the writer to overcome his illness答案解析：答案为A。本题为文章大意题。第一段作者引入话题，在他创作的电影中，很多人物吸烟，吸烟是他的作品中必需的，这些吸烟的场景影响了人们，后面的段落介绍作者因为吸烟而患上了喉癌，深受其苦，也表达了他深深的忏悔之意，最后一段表达作者的希望，希望好莱坞电影不再有吸烟的场景，让厄运降临到别人身上。故本文的大意为作者对他的荧幕剧对人们产生的坏影响感到惭愧。故答案为A。B、D是文中的细节，C选项在文中未提及，均不选。2. How do you think the writer has realized his mistake?A. So many people have found the habit of smoking due to his playsB. His plays have brought great harm to teenagersC. He himself suffered greatly from smokingD. His screenplays have been doing more and more harm to human beings答案解析：答案为C。本题为推理题。由第三段的首句提到的 “I find it hard to forgive myself”和该段最后一句提到的 “and I will try to stop others from committing the same crimes I did.”, 以及第四段首句 “Eighteen months ago I was diagnosed with throat cancer, the result of a lifetime of smoking” 可知，作者难以原谅自己，将会努力阻止别人和他一样犯相同的罪，因为他诊断有吸烟导致的喉癌，故答案为C，作者自己深受吸烟之害。 A选项与题干无关；B选项未提及；D选项夸大了他的作品的危害，均不选。3. According to the passage, what does the underlined sentence mean?A. He has made up his mind to give up smoking foreverB. He will try his best to prevent others from writing screen plays encouraging smokingC. He will try his best to bring up his four childrenD. He has decided to write his screenplays without smoking scenes答案解析：答案为D。本题为语义理解题。划线部分所在的句意为“我会尽我一切所能来消除我在荧幕上创作的文字和形象给人们带来的伤害”。这种伤害来自第一段提到的作者的作品中吸烟是必需的场景，由此可以推断，划线部分意为作者决定在自己的作品中不再有吸烟场景。故答案为D。4. It can be inferred from the passage that _A. the writer will soon be recovered from his illness thanks to his exerciseB. the writer will soon die because of his deadly diseaseC. smoking will be got rid of in all Hollywood films D. smoking in Hollywood films is still doing great harm to human beings答案解析：答案为D。本题为推理题。由第四段第二句话 “I am alive but disabled” 可知，作者虽然活着但是残疾了，故A、B选项错误。由最后一段最后一句话 “I dont wish my fate upon anyone in Hollywood, but I beg that Hollywood should stop putting it upon millions of others” 可知，作者不希望自己的命运降临到好莱坞的任何人身上，但是乞求好莱坞应该阻止吸烟导致的危害降临到成千上万人的身上，可以推断，好莱坞电影上出现的吸烟场景仍然在对人们造成伤害，故C选项错误，D选项正确。BPeople who enjoy a dream-filled sleep are better at recalling information and making links between facts when waking. But recharging with a shallow (小睡) offers no such mental improvement, the research suggests. The results of the study added to the growing body of evidence that Rapid Eye Movement (REM) sleep is very important to the brains ability to form strong memories.An average nights rest includes four or five spells of REM sleep, but these bursts tend to be lengthier towards the end of the night. This means adults getting less than the recommended seven to eight hours a night - and therefore inadequate REM sleep - may be damaging their minds ability to memorize: Although REM sleep is not classified as a type of deep sleep, it is only reached after the brain has passed through deep sleep stages.In the recent study, participants were shown groups of three words - such as “cookie”, “heart”, and “sixteen”-and asked to find another word that can be associated with all three words. They were tested once in the morning and then given the same task again in the afternoon. In between, some were allowed a nap with REM sleep, some a nap without REM sleep, while the others had a quiet rest period. The quiet rest and non-REM sleep groups didnt improve, but the REM sleep group improved on their morning performance by an average of almost 40 per cent. Dr Sara Mednick, a sleep researcher at the University of California who led the study, believes the formation of connections between previously unassociated information in the brain occurs during REM sleep. People woken while their closed eyes made rapid movements recalled much more colorful and detailed dreams than people woken during other stages of sleep.1. According to the passage, to have a good memory, a person had better _ at night. A. sleep four to five hours at most B. sleep as much as possible C. sleep with four or five periods of REM D. have a shallow sleep答案解析：答案为C。本题为细节题。由第二段 “An average nights rest includes four or five spells of REM sleep This means adults getting less than the recommended seven to eight hours a night - and therefore inadequate REM sleep - may be damaging their minds ability to memorize:”可知，REM 睡眠包括四个或者五个阶段，如果成年人睡眠少于七到八个小时，会伤害大脑的记忆力，故答案为C。2. If you dont sleep seven to eight hours at night very often, _. A. you will tend to have longer periods of REM B. your strong memories might be ruined C. you will have an adequate REM sleep D. your mind can form strong memories答案解析：答案为B。本题为细节题。结合上题的分析可知，如果睡眠少于七到八个小时，记忆力会受到伤害。故答案为B。3. The third paragragh is mainly about _ of the most recent study. A. the process B. the results C. the participants D. the content答案解析：答案为A。通读第三段可知，本段是关于研究的过程。故答案为A。4. What is the authors purpose in writing the passage? A. To explain the imortance of REM sleep to ones memories B. To persuade readers to sleep seven to eight hours at night. C. To discuss the relationship between sleep and memories D. To introduce the new study on sleep and memories答案解析：答案为D。本题考查作者的写作目的。本文第一段引入了REM 睡眠对人的记忆力的影响，第二段对其进行了具体介绍，第三段介绍了研究的过程，最后一段对REM 睡眠作出了进一步的解释，故答案为D，介绍一项睡眠和记忆的新研究。
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