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阅读理解（5）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。George Gershwin, born in 1898, was one of Americas greatest composers. He published his first song when he was eighteen years old. During the next twenty years he wrote more than five hundred songs.Many of Gershwins songs were first written for musical plays performed in theatres in New York City. These plays were a popular form of entertainment in the 1920s and 1930s. Many of his songs have remained popular as ever. Over the years they have been sung and played in every possible way from jazz to country.In the 1920s there was a debate in the United States about jazz music. Could jazz, some people asked, be considered serious music? In 1924 jazz musician and orchestra leader Paul Whiteman decided to organize a special concert to show that jazz was serious music. Gershwin agreed to compose something for the concert before he realized he had just a few weeks to do it. And in that short time, he composed a piece for piano and orchestra which he called Rhapsody in Blue. Gershwin himself played the piano at the concert. The audience were thrilled when they heard his music. It made him worldfamous and showed that jazz music could be both serious and popular.In 1928, Gershwin went to Paris. He applied to study composition (作曲)with the wellknown musician Nadia Boulanger, but she rejected him. She was afraid that classical study would ruin his jazzinfluenced style. While there, Gershwin wrote An American in Paris. When it was first performed, critics (评论家)were divided over the music. Some called it happy and full of life, to others it was silly and boring. But it quickly became popular in Europe and the United States. It still remains one of his most famous works.George Gershwin died in 1937, just days after doctors learned he had brain cancer. He was only thirtynine years old. Newspapers all over the world reported his death on their front pages. People mourned the loss of the man and all the music he might have still written.61Many of Gershwins musical works were _Awritten about New Yorkers Bcomposed for Paul WhitemanCplayed mainly in the countryside Dperformed in various ways62What do we know about the concert organized by Whiteman?AIt attracted more people to theatres. BIt proved jazz could be serious music.CIt made Gershwin leader of the orchestra. DIt caused a debate among jazz musicians.63What did Gershwin do during his stay in Paris?AHe created one of his best works. BHe studied with Nadia Boulanger.CHe argued with French critics. DHe changed his music style.64What do we learn from the last paragraph?AMany of Gershwins works were lost.BThe death of Gershwin was widely reported.CA concert was held in memory of Gershwin.DBrain cancer research started after Gershwins death.65Which of the following best describes Gershwin?ATalented and productive. BSerious and boring.CPopular and unhappy. DFriendly and honest.【要点综述】 这是一篇人物传记。文章主要讲述了美国著名作曲家乔治格什温的生平以及他在音乐方面的巨大贡献。61D考查细节理解。从第二段的“Over the years they have been sung and played in every possible wayfrom jazz to country.”可知，乔治格什温的音乐作品是以各种形式演唱或演奏的。故选D。62B考查推理判断。根据第三段的“Gershwin himself played the piano at the concert. The audience were thrilled when they heard his music. It made him worldfamous and showed that jazz music could be both serious and popular.”可知，这个音乐会充分证明爵士音乐流行的同时，也可以庄重、严肃。63A考查细节理解。从第四段的第二句可知B项不正确；从第四段的“When it was first performed, critics were divided over the music.”可知，不是格什温与评论家争辩，故C项不正确；没有提到他音乐风格的改变，故D项不正确；从第四段的最后一句“It still remains one of his most famous works.”可知A项是正确的。64B考查推理判断。从最后一段的“Newspapers all over the world reported his death on their front pages.”可知，世界各地的报纸对格什温的去世进行了广泛的报道。故选B。65A考查推理判断。从全文看乔治格什温创作了很多的音乐，其演奏的形式多样化，并得到观众赞赏，这体现了他是一位很有才华，且多产的作曲家。故选A。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。When I was 12, all I wanted was a signet (图章) ring. They were the “in” thing and it seemed every girl except me had one. On my 13th birthday, my Mum gave me a signet ring with my initials(姓名首字母) carved into it. I was in heaven.What made it even more special was that it was about the only thing that wasnt being “replaced”. Wed been burnt out in fires that swept through our area earlier that year and had lost everythingso most of the “new” stuff (东西) we got was really just to replace what wed lost. But not my ring. My ring was new.Then, only one month later, I lost it. I took it off before bed and it was missing in the morning. I was sad and searched everywhere for it. But it seemed to have disappeared. Eventually, I gave up and stopped looking for it. And two years later, we sold the house and moved away.Years passed, and a couple of moves later, I was visiting my parents when Mum told me that she had something for me. It wasnt my birthday, nor was it Easter or Christmas or any other giftgiving occasion. Mum noticed my questioning look. “Youll recognize this one，” she said, smiling.Then she handed me a small ring box. I took it from her and opened it to find my beautiful signet ring inside. The family who had bought our house 13 years earlier had recently decided to do some redecorations, which included replacing the carpets. When they pulled the carpet up in my old bedroom, they found the ring. As it had my initials carved into it, they realized who owned the ring. Theyd had it professionally cleaned up by a jeweler before sending it to my mother. And it still fits me.56The underlined word “in” in the first paragraph probably means “_”A. fashionable B. availableC. practical D. renewable57When she got the ring back, the writer was about _A. 13 years old B. 15 years oldC. 26 years old D. 28 years old58Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?AThe writers family moved several times.BThe writer never stopped looking for her ring.CThe writers ring was cleaned up by the new house owner.DThe writer lost her ring in the morning when she took it off.59What would be the best title for the passage?A. My New Ring B. Lost and FoundC. Lost and Replaced D. An Expensive Ring【要点综述】 本文是一篇记叙文。 作者通过描述自己小时候渴望得到一枚戒指，愿望得到满足后的快乐心情，以及不慎丢失后的沮丧心情和多年后失而复得的欣喜，表达了作者怀旧和敝帚自珍的生活态度。56A词义猜测题。根据后一句“every girl except me had one” 可知，每个女孩都有一枚有自己符号的戒指，说明这类戒指很流行。故答案选A。57D推理判断题。 根据原文我们得知，作者在13岁生日时得到那枚戒指，一个月后丢失，两年后卖掉房子，新房东买房13年之后换新地毯时重新找到戒指，即十五年之后，故答案为D。58A细节理解题。根据第三段末尾和第四段开头可知答案A正确。59B主旨大意题。只有B项才能概括全文大意。 本文主要讲述了戒指的失而复得。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。(2013东北三省三校第二次联考，D)Deception (骗术) is something that people do all the time, and it plays an important role in military (军事的) strategy. Now some researchers are trying to figure out how to get robots to do it, by looking at the behavior of squirrels and birds.At Georgia Tech, a team led by Ronald Arkin, a professor at the School of Interactive Computing, studied the literature on squirrels hiding their acorns (橡果). Squirrels will hide their food in a certain place, but when they see other squirrels trying to steal from them, they attempt to fool the thieves by running to a false location.Ronald Arkin and his Ph. D. student Jaeeun Shim used that as a model for robot behavior. They programmed the robot into tricking a “predator (捕食者)” machine by doing what a squirrel does: showing the enemy a false location for an important resource.The team also looked at how other animalsin this case, a species of bird called Arabian babblerdrive off predators. A babbler will make an alarm call when they see a predator and other babblers will join the bird and make more calls. They then surround the predator, all the while flapping (拍打) wings and making noises. The babblers dont ever actually fight the animal they want to drive off; they just make enough noises and flaps around enough so that it seems that attacking a babbler isnt worth it.They found that the deception works when the group reaches a certain sizeessentially, when enough birds arrive to convince the enemy that its best to back off. Davis modeled that behavior in software using a military scene and found that it worked even if the group didnt have the firepower to confront the enemy directly.The military is interested in this because a robot that can fool an opponent is a valuable tool. It could lead an enemy down a false trail or make itself look more dangerous than it actually is.文章大意：本文是一篇议论文。文章主要介绍了骗术在军事策略中起着重要的作用，一些研究人员正在通过研究松鼠和鸟类的活动，希望机器人能模仿这些行为，以便能有效地应用于军事中。13Why does the military want to take advantage of squirrels trick?AIt can reduce the use of firepower to confront the enemy.BIt can fool the enemy into believing it is more dangerous.CIt can lead the enemy in a wrong direction to avoid losing resources.DIt can scare the enemy away who wants to destroy the acorns.答案：C推理判断题。根据文章第二段最后一句“. they attempt to fool the thieves by running to a false location.”可知，松鼠为了保护自己的橡果不被其他松鼠吃掉，会朝别的方向奔跑，由此可推知，C项正确。14Which of the following is NOT the way Arabian babblers drive off predators?AOne bird makes an alarm call and other birds will join it.BThey fight the enemy bravely face to face.CThey make noises and flaps around the predator.DThey force the predator aware that it isnt worthwhile to attack.答案：B细节理解题。根据文章倒数第三段中Arabian babbler赶走predator的过程可知，B项不是Arabian babbler赶走掠夺者的方法。故B项正确。15What is the main idea of the passage?AAnimals behaviors are researched to be applied to the study of military robots.BRobots fooling tricks are applied to the study of animals behaviors.CBirds and squirrels are the animals that are good at deception.DResearchers are interested in animals militaryrelated behaviors.答案：A主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了松鼠和Arabian babbler在生存中如何利用骗术击退敌人保护自己的过程，研究人员希望机器人也能模仿这些行为，从而有效地运用于军事战略当中。故A项正确。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。(2013南京市二模，D)While waiting to pick up a friend at an airport in Portland, Oregon, I had one of those lifechanging experiences that you hear other people talk aboutthe kind that happens to you unexpectedly. To me, this happened and was only two feet away from me.Locating my friend among the passengers, I noticed a man coming toward me carrying two light bags. He stopped right next to me to greet his family.First he walked to his youngest son (maybe 6 years old) as he laid down his bags. They gave each other a long, loving hug. As they separated enough to look in each others face, I heard the father say，“Its so good to see you, son. I missed you so much！” His son smiled somewhat shyly, and replied softly，“Me, too, Dad！”Then the man stood up, gazed into the eyes of his oldest son (maybe 9 or 10) and while cupping his sons face in his hands said, “Youre already quite a young man. I love you very much, Zach！” They too hugged a most loving, tender hug.While this was happening, a baby girl (perhaps one or oneandahalfyear old) was squirming (扭动) excitedly in her mothers arms, never once taking her little eyes off the wonderful sight of her returning father. The man said，“Hi, baby girl！” as he gently took the child from her mother. He quickly kissed her face all over and then held her close to his chest while rocking her from side to side. The little girl instantly relaxed and simply laid her head on his shoulder, motionless in pure contentment.After several moments, he handed his daughter to his oldest son and declared，“Ive saved the best for last！” and went to give his wife the longest, most passionate kiss I ever remember seeing. He gazed into her eyes for several seconds and then silently mouthed, “I love you so much！” They stared into each others eyes, beaming big smiles at one another, while holding both hands.For an instant they reminded me of newlyweds, but I knew by the age of their kids that they couldnt possibly be. I puzzled about it for a moment then realized how totally attentive I was in the wonderful display of unconditional love not more than an arms length away from me. I suddenly felt uncomfortable, as if I was invading something sacred, but was amazed to hear my own voice nervously ask，“Wow! How long have you two been married？”“Been together fourteen years total, married twelve of those.” he replied, without breaking his gaze from his lovely wifes face. “Well then, how long have you been away？” I asked. The man finally turned and looked at me, still beaming his joyous smile. “Two whole days！”Two days? I was stunned. I had assumed hed been gone for at least several weeksif not months. I know my expression betrayed me. “I hope my marriage is still that passionate after twelve years！”The man suddenly stopped smiling.He looked me straight in the eye, and with forcefulness that burned right into my soul, he told me something that left me a different person, “Dont hope, friend. decide！” Then he flashed me his wonderful smile again, shook my hand and said，“God bless！”With that, he and his family turned and walked away together. I was still watching that exceptional man and his special family walk just out of sight when my friend came up to me and asked, “Whatcha looking at？” Without hesitating, and with a curious sense of certainty, I replied，“My future！”文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文。作者通过讲述自己在机场看到一家人在分别两天重逢后的亲密场景及男主人对作者所说的话，表达了这次事件对自己的震撼，并下定决心拿出更多的爱给自己的家人。16Which word could best describe the baby girl?AQuiet. BInnocent. CNaughty. DSweet.答案：D推理判断题。根据第五段第一句和最后一句可知，这个小女孩非常的可爱，见到父亲时，她在母亲的怀里扭动，非常地兴奋，在父亲怀里的时候她把头放在父亲的肩膀上一动不动。故答案选D。17The writer suddenly felt uncomfortable because _.Ahe felt it impolite to stare at the familyBhe felt he withdrew from societyCthe family found him curious about themDhe didnt love his wife as much答案：A推理判断题。根据第七段最后一句中的“I suddenly felt uncomfortable, as if I was invading something sacred”和文化常识可知，作者由于被这亲密的幸福情景所吸引，一直盯着他们看，距离很近(only two feet)，而这在西方是很不礼貌的行为，侵犯了他人的隐私。故答案选A。18What can we learn from the story?AThe family became the writers friends.BThe writer decided to look for a wife.CThe writers family will get more love from him.DThe writer will tell his friend the story immediately they meet.答案：C推理判断题。根据倒数第四段最后一句“I hope my marriage is still that passionate after twelve years！”及最后一段中作者看着那家人离开说“My future！”可推知，作者以后将会给予家人更多的关爱。故答案选C。19Which paragraph in this story best shows the love of the couple?AParagraph 4. BParagraph 5. CParagraph 6. DParagraph 7.答案：C细节理解题。通读全文可知，第三至五段描述的是对孩子的爱，第六段中“give his wife the longest, most passionate kiss.”展示的是夫妻之间的爱。故答案选C。20Why does the writer think his airport experience is lifechanging?ABecause he came across a most loving family.BBecause he realized the difference between “hope” and “decide”CBecause he thought it was really a unique experience.DBecause the family he met with had a strange power over him.答案：B推理判断题。根据文章最后两段内容可知，男主人所说的“Dont hope, friend. decide！”给了作者极大的震撼和鼓励，让作者明白了“希望”与“决定”之间的不同，决定今后给予家人更多的关爱。故答案选B。
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