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高考英语总复习之,强调句,强调句型使用频率很高，高考一直很注重对其进行考查。在近年的高考中，随着综合语法知识考查力度的加大，在考查强调句型的同时也考查定语从句，把省略句、强调句与时间状语从句、名词性从句的考查等融合到一起，强调了学生综合把握知识的能力。对此，大家很是苦恼，复习中为了帮助同学们更好地掌握和运用这一句型，特将其秘诀揭示如下：牢记“一二三四五” 、“强调句型”勿需苦。,“一种结构” “两种be和两个一致” “三个连接词和三类强调成分” “四种句式变化 “五类复杂化结构,牢记 “一二三四五” “强调句型”勿需苦,一、“一种结构” 强调句型的基本结构特征为： It + be + 被强调成分 + that / who + 其他成分 被强调的成分可以是主语、宾语和状语,但不能是谓语., 强调主语,It was he that/who met an old friend in the park yesterday.,(2) 强调宾语,(3) 强调地点状语,It was an old friend that/who he met in the park yesterday.,It was in the park that he met an old friend yesterday.,(4) 强调时间状语,It was yesterday that he met an old friend in the park.,e.g. He met an old friend in the park yesterday.,二、“两种be和两个一致” 1. “两种be” ：is, was 两种“be”的选择要视原句谓语动词的时态而定 即景活用： (1). It _ Mike and Mary who helped the old man several days ago . A. was B. is C. were D. had been,温馨提示： 强调句型中的be动词和情态动词的结合。 句式结构: It may be+ 被强调部分+ that It must have been+被强调部分+ that Could it be +被强调部分+that?,It might have been John _bought a new book for Mary yesterday. A. what B. since C. that D. then,2 .两个一致：主谓一致、主宾一致。 强调句在强调主语时,that/who后的动词应和主语在人称和数上保持一致. (1) It is he who _ late. (2) It is they that _ late. A. am B. is C. are D. be,强调主语用人称代词主格; 强调宾语用宾格. （1）It is _who are your best friends. （2）It was _ that they visited. A. we B. us C. our D. ours,三、“三个连接词和三类强调成分” 1.当被强调部分指人时，可用that/who(做宾语时可用whom)；指物或既有人又有物时只用that ; (1).It was Tom _ I met last week. (2). It is a new book _ his brother wants to buy. 在此种句型中,被强调部分可以是主语，状语，宾语，谓语部分不可以被强调 2.强调状语时, 只用that,不用when, where, why. 即景活用： (1).It is at 5 oclock _ the train will arrive. (2).It was in the park _I saw Kate last week.,who/that/whom,that,that(不用when),that(不用where),注意： It iswasthat强调句型的被强调部分如果是原因状语从句，只能由because引导，不能由since、as或why引导。,eg. It was because he was ill that he didnt come to school yesterday.,四、“四种句式变化” 即一般疑问形式、特殊疑问形式、感叹句形式、省略句形式。 (一) 一般疑问形式 句式： Is (was) it +强调部分+ that? e.g. He will leave for Hong Kong at 7:00 . 强调时间状语,It is at 7:00 that he will leave for Hong Kong.,Is it at 7:00 that he will leave for Hong Kong?,陈述句：,一般疑问句：,（二)特殊疑问句形式 句式结构：特殊疑问词+is/was it that？ 即景活用： e.g. _ is it _has made Peter success. A. What; that; B. That; what; C. What; what; D. That; that;,简析： It is determination that has made Peter success. -What is it that had made Peter success?,(三) 感叹句形式 What / How . it is / was （that） + 主语 + 谓语 Eg: What a beautiful picture it is (that) you have drawn! 你画了多漂亮的一幅画呀！,(四) 省略句形式 Who is making so much noise in the garden? _ the children. A. It is B. They are C. That is D. There are,（回答为强调句型在具体语境中的省略，其完整形式应是： It is the children who / that are making so much noise in the garden. 不能用They are.）,高考链接： - Where did you get to know her? (07 山东 ) - It was on the farm _ we worked. A. that B. there C. which D. where,五、“五类复杂化结构” 即强调句型与宾语从句、主语从句、同位语从句、定语从句和时间状语从句(not . until)相结合，加大了句子结构的复杂程度和句意理解的难度。 判断强调句型的标准： 去掉it is/wasthat后仍然是完整的句子 考查名词性从句中强调句型我们应注意的是： 1.陈述句句序； 2.特殊疑问词位置。,It was he that/who met an old friend in the park yesterday.,(一) 与宾语从句结合 Eg: I really dont know where it was that I had my money stolen. 我真的不知道我的钱在哪里被偷的。 e.g. David said that it was because of his strong interest in literature _ he chose the course. A. that B. what C. why D. how,A. It is .that 作said的宾语从句，其中强调成分为原因状语,(二) 与主语从句结合 要分清是主语从句还是强调结构。判断这种句型是主语从句还是强调结构, 方法是将 It is（was）. that 去掉, 去掉后整个句子结构和意义不受其影响的话为强调结构, 反之则是主语从句。 如： It+ be+ adj. / n. / 过去分词+that从句句型。 该句型中的It是形式主语，that引导的从句是真正的主语从句。试比较: It is important that he (should) learn English well. It is a fact that he can speak both English and Japanese. It is suggested that he leave his office right now.,It was yesterday that he met her in the street.,It is what you do rather than what you say _matters. A. that B. what C. which D. this,去掉It was.thatYesterday he met her in the street. 是昨天他在街上碰见了她。（强调结构）,翻译：重点是你所做的，而不是你所说的。（强调整个主语从句） What you do (matters) rather than what you say matters.,(三)与同位语从句结合 It was at the very beginning_Mr. Fox made a decision _ we should send for a doctor. A what, that B that, which C which, that D that, that,强调句中的连接词that后面有一个同位语从句，起对decision解释说明的作用。 连接词在同位语从句中不做成分只起链接作用，所以只能填that。,（四) 与定语从句结合 要分清是强调结构中的 that-（who-）分句还是用作关系代词的定语从句中的that-（who-）分句。 判断的方法还是将 It is（was）. that去掉, 去掉后整个句子结构和意义不受其影响的话是强调结构中的 that-（who-）分句, 反之则是用作关系代词的定语从句中的 that-（who-）分句。 如: It is money that is most needed. It is the money that he gave me.,（ Money is most needed. ）（强调结构中的 that）,（X The money he gave me)（定语从句中的 that）, Was it in the village _ we used to live in _ the accident happened? A. where, that B. which; that C. that; where D. where; which,(五). notuntil句型的强调句 句式：It is /was not until+被强调部分+that+其他成分. e.g. He didnt go to bed until ten oclock. 强调句：,It was not until ten oclock that he went to bed.,即景活用： It _ we had stayed together for a couple of weeks _ I found we had a lot in common. A. was until; when B. was until; that C. wasnt until; when D. was t until; that,温馨提示： 在和时间状语从句连用时应和以下句式区别，它们中的连接词不能用that。 1） It be + 时间段 + since .句型。 如since和延续性动词连用意为“某人不做某事已有多久”（行为的终止）； 和短暂性动词连用则表示“某人做某事已有多久”（行为动作的开始）。 e.g. Its three years since we met last time. Its two years since he smoked.,自从我们上次相见已有3年了。,他戒烟有2年了。,2） It be + 时间 + when .句型。 when引导的为时间状语从句,表“某事发生时正是时候”。注意时间词语前无介词，主从句时态一般应是一致的。 e.g. It was midnight when he got home yesterday. 昨天他到家的时候已是半夜。 (when引导的为时间状语从句,it为代词,指时间.),他昨天是半夜到家的。 (本句为强调句，强调at midnight，去掉it was及that 句子结构仍完整.),比较： It was at midnight that he got home yesterday.,3） It was / will (not) + 时间段 + before . 肯定句中表“过了之后某事才发生”； 否定句中意为“不久就”。 It was some time before we realized the truth. It wont be long before we know the result of the experiment.,好久之后我们才了解到真相。,不久我们就会知道试验的结果。,练一练： 用that ,before, when, since完成句子 (1) It was three hours ago _ he left here. (2) It was three oclock _ he left here. (3) It is three hours _ he left here. (4) It wasnt long _ he left here.,that ，强调句型,when，时间状语从句,since，时间状语从句,before，时间状语从句,
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