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牛津版初中英语八年级下牛津版初中英语八年级下 Unit 2 Online traveling Grammar 1.Who designed Around the world in eight hours?It is designed by Nancy Jackson.2.What is the main character called?He is called Itchy Feet.3.In what color are the places you have visited marked?They are marked in bright purple.Revisiona bookshelf,a wood bookshelf,store booksWhats this called in English?It _ a bookshelf in English.Whats it made of?It is made of _.Whats it used for?It is used for _books.is calledwoodstoringa key,a metal key,open and lock a doorWhats this called in English?It _ a key in English.What is it made of?It is made of _.What is it used for?It is used for _ a door.is calledmetalopening and lockingIts called a _ in English.Its _ paper.Its _ sending a letter.a stamp,a paper stamp,send a letterstampmade ofused forWhat do we use this CD-ROM for?We use it for playing.=It is used for playing.Who designed it?It was designed by Nancy JacksonStudents talk about the things around them.such as:books (be made of paper/written in English)knives(be made of metal/in China/used for/to)desks (be made of wood/painted yellow)windowsblackboardspens语语 态态 分分 类类英语动词有两种语态英语动词有两种语态,主动语态和被动主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者者,如如:They built a new bridge over the river.被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者,如如:A new bridge was built over the river.当主语是动作的执行者时当主语是动作的执行者时,随后的动词用随后的动词用主动态主动态;当主语是动作的承受者时当主语是动作的承受者时,随后的随后的动词用被动态。英语动词的主动态是没有动词用被动态。英语动词的主动态是没有标记的，而被动态则是有标记的，通常由标记的，而被动态则是有标记的，通常由构成。构成。Many people speak English.(主动主动)English is spoken by many people.(被动被动)结构结构一般现在时一般现在时am/is/are+动词的过动词的过去分词去分词 一般过去时一般过去时 was/were+动词的过动词的过去分词去分词主动语态和被动语态的转换主动语态和被动语态的转换:主主:被被:IlearnEnglishEnglishis learnedme+by被动语态被动语态We can use the passive voice whenu it is obvious who performs the action.e.g.Word processing skills are taught in our computer lessons.(It is obvious that the person who teaches word processing skills is the Computer Studies teacher.)u we do not know or do not want to know who performes the action.e.g.The printer was sold already.(We do not want to know who sold the printer.)u we think the action is more important than the person who performs the action.e.g.Educational CD-ROMs are sold in many countries.(The fact that educational CD-ROMs are sold in many countries is more important than knowing who is responsible for selling the CD-ROMs)We can introduce the person who performs an action with the passive voice using“by”and the name(s)of theperson(s)at the end of a passivesentence.e.g.That CD-ROM was designed by Nancy Jackson.Passive voice with“by”Most of us like watching TV._ it _ by you last night?Was watchedIts good for us to play basketball.Do you play it as often as possible?_ it_(play)by you as often as possible?IsplayedVegetables are very important for our health._they _(eat)by you every day?Areeaten把主动语态的把主动语态的宾语宾语变为被动语态的变为被动语态的主主语语,用主格用主格把谓语变为把谓语变为被动结构被动结构,注意注意be 的时态和原句要保持一致。的时态和原句要保持一致。把把主主动语态的主语动语态的主语放在介词放在介词by后作后作宾语宾语，将将主格主格变为变为宾格宾格。一、主动语态变为被动语态一、主动语态变为被动语态Conclusion:二、被动句变为主动句的步骤二、被动句变为主动句的步骤:1)找到动作的执行者找到动作的执行者(常为被动句的宾常为被动句的宾语语)作主动句的主语作主动句的主语.2)找到找到be+过去分词结构还原为及物动过去分词结构还原为及物动词原形词原形.3)找到动作的承受者找到动作的承受者(常为被动句的主常为被动句的主语语)作主动句的宾语作主动句的宾语.4)确定及物动词的时态。数确定及物动词的时态。数(注意注意)在在以上转换中以上转换中,代词作主语用主格代词作主语用主格,代代 词作宾语用宾格词作宾语用宾格.Change the active voice into the passive voice.1.Millie painted this picture.This picture was painted by Millie.Coke is sold in a small shop.Rice is grown in China.2.He sells coke in a small shop.3.People grow rice in China.The letter was written last night.Many beautiful photos were taken by Tom.4.He wrote the letter last night.5.Tom took many beautiful photos.将下面的被动语态句子变为主动语将下面的被动语态句子变为主动语态句子态句子1.The blackboard was cleaned by him.He cleaned the blackboard.2.Jim is helped by me.3.Many trees were planted by him last year.I help Jim.He planted many trees last year.The answer to A11 is called 2 is designed3 is made 4 is made5 is used用被动语态完成对话用被动语态完成对话P48The answer to A21 were closed 2 was restarted3 were checked 4 was connected5 was double-clickedHomework把下列句子变为被动句。把下列句子变为被动句。1.My brother turned on the TV after he got home.2.They sold all the computers in the shop.3.We connected the keyboard to the computer.4.All of us like English.5.I was looked after in the hospital.
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