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课时作业(二十)必修4Unit 5 Theme parks(限时：45分钟).单项填空1Speaking of all the songs he has written，I think this is probably his_one.Abetterknown BwellknownCbestknown Dmostknown2To their _，their team won the match unexpectedly.Aamuse Bamused Camusing Damusement3Less than twenty percent of the employees in their company are women.That is to say，women are in the_Amajority BactivityCprobability Dminority4There is no reason why you shouldnt tell them_that you are leaving.Ain order Bin secretCin conflict Din advance 5John worked hard at his lessons and gained_to a famous university last year.Apermission BadmissionCagreement Dfreedom6Niagara Fall is a great tourist_，drawing millions of visitors every year.Aattention BattractionCappointment Darrangement7He is famous both_a novelist and poet but he is more famous_his novels.Afor; as Bwith; forCas; for Dlike; as8While our city tries impatiently to change its appearance by tearing down old buildings, more and more citizens are suggesting ways to _ the historically important architecture.Adecorate BdevelopCpreserve Dadvocate9Not only_the activity_public awareness of world hunger，but raised a lot of money for the poor children.A/; has increased Bis; increasedChas; increased D/; increased10Police can easily recognize your fingerprints by machine，because every persons fingerprints are _Aoutstanding BregularCordinary Dunique11You shouldnt stay at your office all day；_ nature is good for your health.Agetting close to Bgetting away fromCgetting along with Dgetting together with12Where shall we have dinner?At _ restaurant has a free table.Awhichever BwhereverCwhich Dwhat13_by the beauty of nature，the girl from London decided to spend another two days on the farm.AAttracting BAttractedCTo be attracted DHaving attracted14With the aid of the most advanced equipment, new facts about the ancient pyramids in Egypt have recently _Abrought to light Bmade knownCcome to an end Dcome to light 15John is said to have learned Italian in Italy for five years._ he speaks it like a native speaker.ANo doubt BNo problemCNo wonder DNo reason.阅读理解A2012福建卷 Some people believe that a Robin Hood is at work, others that a wealthy person simply wants to distribute his or her fortune before dying. But the donator who started sending envelopes with cash to deserving causes, accompanied by an article from the local paper, has made a northern German city believe in fairytales(童话)The first envelope was sent to a victim support group. It contained 10，000 with a cutting from the Braunschweiger Zeitung about how the group supported a woman who was robbed of her handbag; similar plain white anonymous(匿名) envelopes, each containing 10，000, then arrived at a kindergarten and a church.The envelops keep coming, and so far at least 190，000 has been distributed. Last month, one of them was sent to the newspapers own office. It came after a story it published about Tom, a 14yearold boy who was severely disabled in a swimming accident. The receptionist at the Braunschweiger Zeitung opened an anonymous white envelope to find 20 notes of 500 inside, with a copy of the article.The name of the family was underlined.“I was driving when I heard the news，”Claudia Neumann, the boys mother, told Der Spiegel magazine.“I had to park on the side of the road; I was speechless.”The money will be used to make the entrance to their house wheelchairaccessible and for a course of treatment that their insurance company refused to pay for.“For someone to act so selflessly, for this to happen in such a society in which everyone thinks of himself, was astonishing，” Mrs Neumann said. Her family wonder whether the donator is a Robin Hood character, taking from banks to give to the needy.Henning Noske, the editor of the Braunschweiger Zeitung, said：“Maybe it is an old person who is about to die. We just do not know.”However, he has told his reporters not to look for the citys hero, for fear that discovery may stop the donations.16The Braunschweiger Zeitung is the name of _Aa church Ba bankCa newspaper Da magazine17Which of the following is TRUE about the donation to Tom?AThe donation amounted to 190，000.BThe donation was sent directly to his house.CThe money will be used for his education.DHis mother felt astonished at the donation.18It can be inferred from the passage that _Athe donator is a rich old manBthe donation will continue to comeCthe donation comes from the newspaperDthe donator will soon be found out19What would be the best title for the passage?AMoney Is Raised by the NewspaperBNewspaper Distributes Money to the NeedyCUnknown Hero Spreads Love in EnvelopesDRobin Hood Returns to the CityBUhoh, the new years just begun and already youre finding it hard to keep those resolutions to junk the junk food，get off the couch or kick smoking. Theres a biological reason why a lot of our bad habits are so hard to breakthey get deeprooted in our brains.Thats not an excuse to give up. Understanding how unhealthy behaviors become deeprooted has scientists learning some tricks that may help good habits replace the bad.“Why are bad habits stronger? Youre fighting against the power of an immediate reward. We all as creatures give greater value to an immediate reward than something thats delayed，” says Dr Nora Volkow, director of the National Institute on Drug Abuse.Just how that bit of happiness turns into a habit involves a pleasuresensing chemical named dopamine(多巴胺). It trains the brain to want that reward again and againincreasing the connection each timeespecially when it gets the right cue(暗示) from your environment.People tend to overestimate their ability to resist temptations around them, thus destroying attempts to get rid of bad habits. Even scientists who recognize it find it hard to resist.“I dont like popcorn. But every time I go to the cinema, I have to eat it，” Volkow says.“Its fascinating.”A movement to pay people for behavior changes may make use of that connection, as some companies offer employees immediate payments for adopting better habits. However paying for behavior turns out, researchers say there are some steps that may help counter your brains hold on bad habits: repeat，repeat，repeat the new behaviorthe same routine at the same time of day. Determined to exercise？Doing it at the same time of the morning makes the brain recognize the habit eventually. If you dont do it, you feel awful. Exercise itself raises dopamine levels, so eventually your brain will get a feelgood hit even if your muscles protest. Reward yourself with something you really desire, Volkow stresses. You exercised all week? Stuck to your diet? Buy a book, a great pair of jeans, or try a fancy restaurant.20Whats the subjective reason for being hard to break bad behaviors?ASome behaviors get deeprooted in our brains.BWe prefer an immediate reward.CWe value delayed gifts.DWe are all creatures of nature.21What does the underlined word “connection” in Paragraph 3 refer to?APleasure and behavior. BBrain and reward.CHappiness and dopamine. DCue and environment.22It can be inferred that the higher the dopamine level is，_Athe harder it is for you to break the bad habitBthe less pleasure you will getCthe stronger bad habits will becomeDthe more youll want to get a reward23Why does Volkow eat popcorn even though he doesnt like it?ABecause he recognizes the importance of him.BBecause it is needed for normal growth of the body.CBecause he cant resist the temptation of it.DBecause it makes him relaxed to eat popcorn while seeing films.开放作文请根据下面提示，写一篇短文。词数不少于50。In your spoken English class, your teacher shows you the following picture. You are asked to describe the picture and explain how you understand it._参考答案课时作业(二十).1.C句意：谈到他所创作的所有歌曲，这很可能是他最著名的一首了。根据句意，此题应选用最高级形式。2D考查固定结构。to ones amusement/surprise/disappointment“令人高兴的是/吃惊的是/失望的是”。句意：让他们高兴的是，他们的队意外地赢得了比赛。3D考查短语搭配。in the minority占少数；少数派；in the majority占多数；多数派。句意：在他们公司里，只有不到百分之二十的员工是女性，也就是说，女性占少数。4D考查介词短语。in order that目的是；in secret秘密地；私下地；in conflict with和有冲突；in advance提前；事先。由句意“你没有什么理由不提前告诉他们你要走了”可知应选D项。5Badmission意为准许进入，admission to a university指被大学录取。permission许可；agreement同意；freedom自由，特权。6B考查名词词义辨析。attention注意(力)；attraction吸引力；吸引游客的地方；appointment约会；任命；arrangement安排。句意：尼亚加拉大瀑布是一个著名的风景名胜，每年吸引几百万的游客。7C考查介词搭配。be famous as作为而闻名；be famous for以而闻名。句意：他作为小说家和诗人而闻名，但更以其小说而闻名。应选C项。8C考查动词辨析。preserve 保护。句意：尽管我市通过拆毁旧楼房迫不及待地改变它的面貌，但是越来越多的市民建议保护历史上的重要建筑。decorate 装饰；develop 开发； advocate 提倡。9C当not only置于句首时，前一个分句要倒装，后一个分句不倒装。句意：这项活动不但提高了公众的世界饥荒意识，而且也为贫穷孩子筹集了很多钱。10D句意：警察借助机器能轻易识别你的指纹，因为每个人的指纹都很独特(unique)。outstanding突出的，杰出的；regular有规律的；ordinary普通的。11A句意：你不应该整天待在办公室里，接触下大自然对你的健康有益。get close to接近；get away from逃开，躲开；get along with与相处，进展；get together with与欢聚。根据题意选A项。12A答句句意：哪个饭店有空桌我们就在哪里吃饭。whichever引导的从句作介词at的宾语，whichever在句中作定语修饰restaurant。13B考查非谓语动词。因为是被吸引，所以排除A；C表示目的，所以应排除；D表示状态也不正确。14D考查动词短语辨析。come to light在这里是“显露，为人所知”。 B有一定干扰性，可以说been made known。句意：有了最先进设备的帮助，最近关于埃及古代金字塔的新事实显露出来了。15C考查交际用语。no wonder难怪。no doubt 无疑；no reason 毫无理由；no problem 没问题。.A本文是一篇记叙文。介绍了城市英雄以匿名信的形式在经济上帮助需要帮助的人。16C推理判断题。从第一段“But the donator who started sending envelopes with cash to deserving causes, accompanied by an article from the local paper”和第二段“with a cutting from the Braunschweiger Zeitung”可推出Braunschweiger Zeitung是当地一家报纸。17D细节理解题。从倒数第二段Tom的妈妈所说的话可知答案。18B推理判断题。从最后一段“he has told his reporters not to look for the citys hero, for fear that discovery may stop the donations.”可知捐赠还会继续。19C主旨大意题。本文介绍了城市英雄以匿名信的形式在经济上帮助需要帮助的人。B这是一篇科普文。人们在新年到来时常常会下定某些决心，然而却发现很难坚持下去。科学家研究出了一些“技巧”，可以让好习惯取代坏习惯。20B细节理解题。此题应特别注意题干中the subjective reason(主观原因)。根据短文第二段中的“We all as creatures give greater value to an immediate reward than something thats delayed”可知，难以改掉坏习惯在主观上的原因是人们更看重即时的好处。A项有很大的干扰，文章第一段中提到：这些坏习惯根植于我们的大脑中，这是很难改掉坏习惯在生物学上的原因(客观原因)。21A词义猜测题。根据语境：在快乐的感觉转化为一种习惯的过程中，一种感知快乐的化学物质多巴胺在起作用，它不断促使大脑期望得到这种犒赏，并不断加强快乐感与这种行为之间的联系。由此可知，connection指的是“快乐感与行为之间的联系”。22D推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知，多巴胺是一种感知快乐的化学物质，它使大脑不断期望得到某种犒赏。最后一段中的“Exercise itself raises dopamine levels”能进一步证明，多巴胺的水平越高，人们就越想得到某种犒赏。23C细节理解题。根据第四段内容可知，人们往往高估自己抵制身边诱惑的能力，这使他们为摆脱坏习惯而作出的努力毁于一旦。Volkow就是因为抵抗不了这种诱惑才吃爆米花的。.One possible version：In the picture we can see two boys. One is standing on top of a building, preparing to pick fruit on the tree, while the other is struggling to reach the same height as the former. Hard as he may try, it seems that he cant get the fruit.What the picture attempts to tell us is the equal opportunities for our middle school students. There are many students in middle schools who are recommended to universities without taking examinations because they have special talents. Actually, some students from farmers families dont have the same chance to develop their talents. As a result, most recommended students are from urban families. Just like the student in the lower position, even if he makes every effort to keep up with the other one, he still cant reach the fruit. If the phenomenon keeps happening in our society, there will be confusion and conflicts among people.To conclude, we should create opportunities to have more good students found by universities.
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