动词不定式的基本用法.ppt

,动词不定式的基本用法,2011.12,中考语法,教学目标,掌握动词不定式在句中作不同成分时的用法。 带动词不定式的一些固定搭配和简单句型。,动词不定式作主语,1:To dance with you makes me happy. 2:It is difficult to drive in the mountains. 这里It作形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式 Or: To drive in the mountains is difficult. 句子变形： It is so nice to meet you again. It is good to get up early.,动词不定式作表语,表语是补充说明主语的身份、性质、特征、状态的。一般跟在be动词后。可以是名词、形容词以及动词不定式。 1.Her wish is to be a teacher. 2.Your duty is to clean the classroom.,动词不定式作宾语补足语,宾补：补充说明宾语的情况。 1：He wants me to come earlier. 2: The policeman ordered them to turn around. 这里me和them是宾语。,动词不定式作状语,状语：表示动作发生的时间、地点、原因、程度。介词短语也可作状语。 1：作目的状语 I went there to see her .（为了看你） She opened the window to let some fresh air in.（为了让新鲜空气进来）,作结果状语,1：He is too tired to go any further.,2: He is not old enough to join the army.,他太累了以至于他再也走不动了。,他太小了所以不能参军。,作原因状语,不定式跟在表示“喜、怒、哀、乐”的形容词后，可以表示引起这些情感的原因。（happy sad surprised 等）,1: Im sorry to trouble you .,2: Im gald to see you .,一些后接动词不定式作宾语的及物动词。多表示意愿、企图等动词。如： hope want wish like try ask agree decide promise,1.I want to talk with you .,2. She has decided to go .,在feel. find.think.make等动词后接动词不定式作宾语。通常用it作形式宾语。,1.I find it impossible to forget her .,2.He thought it necessary to take an umbrella.,下列结构常用带to的动词不定式。,be able/ready/afraid to do sth,Its time to do sth,It takes sb some time to do sth .,cant wait to do sth,Its adj for/of sb to do sth,下列结构必须使用不带to的动词不定式。,had better do sth .,make/let sb do sth,why not do sth ？,would you please do sth .,would rather do sth than do sth .,一些动词不定式的谚语。,To see is to believe .,Eat to live , but not live to eat .,Its never too old to learn .,Not to advance is to go back .,眼见为实,吃是为了活着，但是活着不是为了吃。,活到老学到老 （学海无涯）,不进则退,