【考试宝典】2013年职称英语理工类A级真题及答案

职称英语考试宝典 系列软件 【考试宝典】2013职称英语理工类A级真题及答案一、 阅读理解本部分为3篇文章，每篇300450词，每篇文章后有5道题。要求应试者根据文章的内容，从每题所给的4个选项中选择l个最佳答案。第一篇 Gross National HappinessIn the last century, new technology improved the lives of many people in many countries. However, one country resisted these changes. High in the Himalayan mountains of Asia, the kingdom of Bhutan remained separate. Its people and Buddhist（佛教）culture had not been affected for almost a thousand years. Bhutan, however, was a poor country. People died at a young age. Most of its people could not read, and they did not know much about the outside world. Then, in 1972, a new ruler named King Jigme Singye Wangchuck decided to help Bhutan to become modern, but without losing its traditions.King Wangchuck looked at other countries for ideas. He saw that most countries measured their progress by their Gross Natonal Product(GNP). The GNP measures products and money. When the number of products sold increases, people say the country is making progress. King Wangchuck had a different idea for Bhutan. He wanted to measure his countrys progress by peoples happiness. If the peoples happiness increased, the king could say that Bhutan was making progress. To decide if people were happier, he created a measure called Gross National Happiness(GNH).GNH is based on certain principles that create happiness. People are happier if they have health care, education, and jobs. They are happier when they live in a healthy, protected environment. They are happier when they can keep their traditional culture and customs. Finally, people are happier when they have a good, stable government.Now these is some evidence of increased GNH in Bhutan. People are healthier and are living longer. More people are educated and employed. Teenty-five percent of the land has become national parks, and the country has almost no pollution. The Bhutanese continue to wear their traditional clothing and follow their ancient Buddhist customs. Bhutan has also become a democracy. In 2008, King Wangchuck gave his power to his son. Although the country still had a king, it held its first democratic elections that year. Bhutan had political parties and political candidates for the first time. Finally, Bhutan has connected to the rest of the world through television and internet.Bhutan is a symbol for social progress. Many countries are now interested in Bhutans GNH. These countries are investigating their own ways to measure happiness. They want to create new policies that take care of their people, cultures, and land.Brazil may be the nest country to use the principles of GNH. Brazilian leaders see the principles of GNH as a source of inspiration. Brazil is a large country with a diverse population. If happiness works as a measure of progress in Brazil, perhaps the rest of the world will follow.31. Who was Jigme Singye Wangchuck?A. A king.B. A president.C. A Buddhist priest.D. A general.32. Apart from modernizing Bhutan, what else did Wangchuck want to do for Bhutan?A. To make its population grow.B. To keep its traditions and customs.C. To keep it separate from the world.D. To encourage its people to get rich.33. A country shows its progress with GNP byA. spending more money.B. spending less money.C. providing more jobs.D. selling more products.34. According to GNH, people are happier if theyA. have new technology.B. can change their religion.C. have a good, stable government.D. have more money.35. Today many countries areA. using the principles of GNH to measure their progress.B. working together to develop a common scale to measure GNH.C. taking both Bhutan and Brazil as symbols for social progress.D. trying to find their own ways to measure happiness. 参考答案：ABDCD 二、阅读判断(第1622题，每题1分，共7分)下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断;如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A;如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B;如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。Eastern Quakes Can Trigger Big ShakesIn the first week of November 2011, people in central Oklahoma experienced more than two dozen earthquakes. The largest, a magnitude 5.6 quake, shook thousands of fans in a college football stadium, caused cracks in a few buildings and rattled the nerves of many people who had never felt a quake before. Oklahoma is not an area of the country famous for its quakes. If you watch the news on TV, you see reports about all sorts of natural disasters hurricanes, tornadoes, flooding and wildfires, to name a few. But the most dangerous type of natural disaster, and also the most unpredictable, is the earthquake.Researchers at the U.S. Geological Survey estimate that several million earthquakes rattle the globe each year. That may sound scary, but people dont feel many of the tremors because they happen in remote and unpopulated regions. Many quakes happen under the ocean, and others have a very small magnitude, or shaking intensity.A magnitude 5.8 earthquake that struck central Virginia the afternoon of August 23, 2011, was felt from central Georgia to southeastern Canada. In many urban areas, including Washington, D.C., and New York City (Wall Street shown), people crowded the streets while engineers inspected buildings. Credit: Wikimedia/Alex TabakScientists know about small, remote quakes only because of very sensitive electronic devices called seismometers. These devices detect and measure the size of ground vibrations produced by earthquakes. Altogether, USGS researchers use seismometers to identify and locate about 20,000 earthquakes each year.Although earthquakes can happen anywhere in the world, really big quakes occur only in certain areas. The largest ones register a magnitude 8 or higher and happen, on average, only once each year. Such big ones typically occur along the edges of Earths tectonic plates.Tectonic plates are huge pieces of Earths crust, sometimes many kilometers thick. These plates cover our planets surface like a jigsaw puzzle. Often, jagged edges of these plates temporarily lock together. When plates jostle and scrape past each other earthquakes occur. On average, tectonic plates move very slowly about the same speed as your fingernails grow.But sometimes earthquakes rumble through portions of the landscape far from a plates edges. Although less expected, these “mid-plate” tremors can do substantial damage. Some of the biggest known examples rattled the eastern half of the United States two centuries ago. Today, scientists are still puzzling over why the quakes occurred and when similar ones might occur.16. Oklahoma is an area often experiencing natural disasters.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned17. The earthquake is the most unpredictable natural disaster.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned18. Few earthquakes happen without peoples awareness.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned19. Seismometers can identify and locate most of the earthquakes in China.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned20. Big earthquakes of a magnitude 8 0r higher seldom happen far from the edges of tectonic plates.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned21. Whenever tectonic plates move, earthquakes happen.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned22. The earthquake that hit the eastern half of the United States two centuries ago is the biggest mid-plate one in history.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned【答案】BCBCABC三、词汇选项：本部分为l5个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，要求应试者从每个句子后面所给的4个选项中选择l个与划线部分意义最相近的词或短语。1、Joe came to the window as the crowdchanted,”joe,joe,joe!”A、jumpedB.repeatedC.maintainedD.approached2、Whatpuzzlesme is why his books are so popular.A.confusesB.shocksC.influencesD.concerns3.The storm causedseveredamage.A.physicalB.accidentalC.environmentalD.serious4.Our aim was toupdatethe health service, and we succeeded.A.offerB.modernizeC.provideD.fund5.Her comments about men areutterlyridiculous.A.slightlyB.partlyC.faintlyD.completely6.A large crowdassembledoutside the American embassy.A.watchedB.gatheredC.shoutedD.walked7.Thecontempthe felt for his fellow students was obvious.A . needB.hateC.loveD.pity8.All the flats in the building had the samelayout.A.colorB.arrangementC.sizeD.function9.The weather wascrispand clear and you could see the mountains fifty miles away.A.hotB.heavyC.freshD.windy10.Heinspiredmany young people to take up the sport.A.allowedB.calledC.advisedD.encouraged11.I think 7 for a drink is a bitsteep,dont you?A.tightB.highC.lowD.cheap12.Most babies cantake ina wide range of food easily.A.bringB.keepC.serveD.digest13.The city centre waswiped outby the bomb.A.destoryedB.coveredC.reducedD.moved14.The walls are made ofhollowconcrete blocks.A.emptyB.bigC.longD.new15.Do we have to wear these nametags?A.listsB.labelsC.formsD.codes参考答案：1.B 2.A 3.B 4.B 5.D 6.B 7.D 8.B 9.D 10.D 11.B 12.D 13.A 14.A 15.B四、概括大意概括大意与完成句子：有2项测试任务：(1)短文后有6个段落小标题，要求应试者根据文章的内容为其中指定的4个段落各选择一个正确的小标题;(2)短文后有4个不完整的句子，要求应试者在所提供的6个选项中选择4个正确选项分别完成每个句子。Learn about Noble Gases（惰性气体）1 Have you ever ridden on a balloon? Many tourist spots offer balloon rides in order for people to see the beauty of a place from above. A balloon contains a noble gas called hellum（氦）. Formerly, balloons contained hydrogen but hydrogen is very flammable and dangerous when uncontrolled. Therefore, people shifted to helium, which is safer. Helium is safe because it has the properties of the noble gases.2 People once belleved that noble gases couldnt chemically react at all. For this reason, they were called inert gases（惰性气体）. They were also listed under Group 0 in the old periodic table because scientists believed that the gases have zero valence（价）electrons in their outer shell. This was later proven to be untrue when some noble gas compounds were discovered.3 The gases are elements, which share similar properties. These properties include being monoatomic, colorless, odorless, being able to conduct electricity, and having low chemical reactivity. Noble gases include Helium, Neon, Argon, Krypton, Xenon and Radon. These are all found in Group 18, in the rightmost column of the periodic table. If you look at the periodic table, you will notice that these elements are the only ones, which do not have a charge. Helium has the lowest molecular（分子的）weight while Radon is the heaviest.4 Remember that chemical reactions occur because atoms have valence electrons, which are electrons in their outer shell. When the outer shell is “unfilled” or the required number of electrons is not yet complete, the atom is more reactive. Noble gases have a full outer shell, meaning that they have complete electrons in their outer shell. This complete number varies. For instance, the outer shell of Helium has 2 valence electrons while the outer shell of Xenon has 8 electrons. Nowadays, there remains to be a few noble gases because of the low chemical reactivity of these said gases.5 because of their properties, noble gases have many important applications. They are widely used in medicine and industries. For instance, liquid Helium is used for superconducting magnets（磁体）. These magnets are very important in physics and medicine. When a doctor suspects that a persons brain has been damaged, he might request for Magnetic Resonance Imaging(MRI). MRI allows the doctor to “see” the brain, without operating on the patient.23. paragraph 2_24. paragraph 3_25. paragraph 4_26. paragraph 5_A. How were noble gases discovered?B. what is the periodic table?C. what are the applications of noble gases?D. How were noble gases understood in the past?E.What causes the low chemical reactivity of noble gases?F. What are noble gases?27. Noble gases are not very chemically .28. Among the elements of noble gases Helium is the .29. The required number of electrons in noble gasesouter shell is .30. MRI may make operating on the patient .A. completeB. reactiveC.unnecessaryD. flammableE. importantF. lightes参考答案：D、F、E、C、B、F、A、C五、补全短文（网友提供答案，仅供参考！）The Mysteries of NazcaIn the desert of Peru, 300 kilometers from Lima, one of the most unusual artworks in the world has mystified (迷惑) people for decades._F_(46) But from high above, these marks are huge images of birds, fish, seashells, all beautifully carved into the earth.The Nazca lines are so difficult to see from the ground that they werent discovered until the 1930s, when pilots spotted them while flying over the area. In all, there are about 70 different human and animal figures on the plain, along with 900 triangles, circles, and lines.Researchers have figured out that the lines are at least 1,500 years old, but their purpose is still a mystery._D _(47) However, it would probably be very tricky to xxxxx and a spaceship in the middle of pictures of dogs and monkeys.In the 1940s, an American explorer named Paul Kosok suggested that the drawings are a chronicle (记录) of the movement of the stars and planets._C_ (48) xxxxx an astronomer tested his theory with a computer, but he couldnt find any relation between the lines and movements in space.Another explanation is that the lines may have been made for religious reasons. xxxxx researcher Tony Morrison investigated the customs of people in the Andes xxxxx and learned that they sometimes pray by the side of the road. Its possible that xxxxx, the lines of Nazca were created for a similar purpose._B_ (49) But xxxxx people have never constructed anything this big.Recently, two other scientists, David Johnson and Steve Mabee, have speculated xxxxx lines could have been related to water. Nazca is one of the driest places in the xxxxx receives only 2cm of rain every year. While Johnson was searching for xxxxx water sources in the area, he noticed that some waterways built ancient xxxxx were connected with the lines. Johnson believes that the Nazca lines are a giant xxxxx underground water in the area._ E_(50)A. Scholars differ in interpreting the purpose of the designs.B. The largest picture may have been the sites for special ceremonies.C. He called Nazca “the largest astronomy book in the world”D. A Swiss writer named Erich von Daniken wrote that the Nazca lines were designed as a landing place for UFOs.E. Other scientists are now searching for evidence to prove this.F. Seen from the ground, it looks like lines scratched into the earth.参考答案：46、F 47、D 48、C 49、B 50、E第六部分 完形填空Better Solar Energy Systems: More Heat, More LightSolar photovoltaic thermal energy systems, orPVTs, generate both heat and electricity, but _ (51)_ now they havent been very good atthe heat-generating part compared to a stand-alone solar thermal collector.Thats because they operate at low temperatures to cool crystalline siliconsolar cells, which lets the silicon generate more electricity but isnta very efficient way to gather heat.Thats a problem of economics. Good solarhot-water systems can harvest much more energy than a solar-electric system ata substantially lower _(53)_ .And its also a space problem: photovoltaic cells can take up all thespace on the roof, leaving little room for thermal applications.In a pair of studies, Joshua Pearce, anassociate professor of materials science and engineering, has devised a _(55_) in the form of a better PVT made witha different kind of silicon. His research collaborators are Kunal Girotra fromThinSilicon in California and Michael Pathak and Stephen Harrison from QueensUniversity, Canada.Most solar panels are made with crystallinesilicon, but you can also make solar cells out of amorphous silicon, commonly knownas thin-film silicon. They dont create as much electricity, but theyare lighter, flexible, and cheaper. And, because they _ (57) _ much less silicon, they have agreener footprint. Unfortunately, thin-film silicon solar cells arevulnerable to some bad-news physics in the form of the Staebler-Wronski effect.“That means that their efficiency drops when youexpose them to light pretty much the worst possible effect for a solarcell,” Pearce explains, which is one of the _ (60) _ thin- film solar panels make uponly a small fraction of the market.However, Pearce and his team found a wayto engineer around the Staebler-Wronski effect by incorporating thin-filmsilicon in a new _ (62) _ of PVT.You dont have to cool down thin-film silicon to make it work. In fact,Pearces group discovered that by heating it to solar-thermal operatingtemperatures, near the boiling _ (63)_ of water, they could make thicker cells that largely _ (64)_ the Staebler-Wronski effect. Whenthey applied the thin-film silicon directly to a solar thermal energycollector, they also found that by baking the cell once a day, they _(65) _ the solar cells electricalefficiency by over 10 percent.51. A. until B. unless C. when D. if52. A. what B. which C. that D. who53. A. reward B. bill C. pay D. cost54. A. move B. set C. live D. take55. A. decision B. suggestion C. solution D. qualification56. A. for B. by C. with D. as57. A. retrieve B. merge C. require D. exchange58. A. Unfortunately B. Certainly C. Luckily D. Immediately59. A. cover B. relate C. face D. expose60. A. restrictions B. advances C. reasons D. strengths61. A. part B. result C. subject D. way62. A. type B. size C. shape D. brand63. A. area B. point C. place D. extent64. A. promoted B. improved C. overcame D. asserted65. A. boosted B. defined C. wasted D. lower