unit1PassageA作业参考答案.ppt

,Passage A,Samantha Liu,Passage A Oxford University,Related Information,United Kingdom England London Higher Education in Britain The Rhodes Scholarship Marshall Scholarships Yale University The Mission of Oxford University The Homepage of Oxford University,Passage A Oxford University,United Kingdom is a constitutional monarchy in northwestern Europe, officially the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. England is the largest and most populous division of the island of Great Britain, making up the south and east. Wales is on the west and Scotland is to the north. Northern Ireland is located in the northeast corner of Ireland, the second largest island in the British Isles. The capital of the United Kingdom is the city of London, situated near the southeastern tip of England.,United Kingdom,Click the flag to listen to the Anthem of the U.K. “The God Save the Queen”.,Passage A Oxford University,England,England is a political division of the island of Great Britain and the principal division of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. It occupies all of the island east of Wales and south of Scotland, other divisions of the island of Great Britain.,Lands End, Cornwall,Passage A Oxford University,England,Passage A Oxford University,London,London is the capital of the United Kingdom. It is situated in southeastern England along the Thames River. With a population of about 7 million, this vast metropolis is by far the largest city in Europe, a distinction it has maintained since the 17th century.,Thames River, London,Big Ben, London,Passage A Oxford University,In Great Britain, universities enjoy almost complete autonomy from national or local governments in their administration and the determination of the curricula, despite the fact that the schools receive nearly all of their funding from the state. Entry requirements for British universities are rather complicated. A student must secure a General Certificate of Education by taking examinations in various subjects and receiving passing marks in them. The greater the number of “advanced level” passes, rather than “ordinary level” passes,Higher Education in Britain,Passage A Oxford University,that a student acquires, the better his chances are of entering the university of his choice. This selective admission to universities, combined with the close supervision of students through a tutorial system, makes it possible for most British undergraduates to complete a degree course in three years rather than the standard four years. Great Britains model of higher education has been copied to varying degrees in Canada, Australia, and New Zealand.,Higher Education in Britain,Passage A Oxford University,The Rhodes Scholarship,Rhodes scholarship is a scholarship for study at Oxford University, a sum of money awarded annually to students from the United States, South Africa, and several Commonwealth countries to help pay for studies in the United Kingdom at Oxford University,Passage A Oxford University,Marshall Scholarships,Marshall Scholarships finance young Americans of high ability to study for a degree in the United Kingdom. Up to forty Scholars are selected each year to study either at graduate or occasionally undergraduate level at an UK institution in any field of study.,The scheme allows the Scholars, who are the potential leaders, opinion-formers and decision-makers in their own country, to gain an understanding and appreciation of British values and the British way of life. It also establishes long-lasting ties between the peoples of Britain and the United States. Each scholarship is held for two years.,Passage A Oxford University,Yale University,Chartered in 1701, Yale University in New Haven, Connecticut, is one of the oldest and most highly acclaimed universities in the United States. It has a residential college system modeled after Englands Cambridge and Oxford universities. The towering Harkness Hall, shown here, houses a 54-bell carillon, one of the largest in the world.,Passage A Oxford University,The Mission of Oxford,The mission of Oxford: -achieving and maintaining excellence in every area of its teaching and research -maintaining and developing its historical position as a world-class university -enriching the international, national, and regional communities through the fruits of its research and the skills of its graduates.,Passage A Oxford University,The Homepage of Oxford,http:/www.ox.ac.uk/,Talk About It,Talk About It,Passage A Oxford University,distinct - distinctive adj.,distinct 种类不同的；分开的；常与from搭配,These two ideas must be kept distinct one from the other.,这两个概念要严格区分开来。,distinctive 特别的，有特色的，常与of搭配,Sea food is distinctive of the restaurant.,海鲜是这个餐馆的特色。,Passage A Oxford University,eligible,adj. 符合条件的, 合格的,有资格当选的；合适的,In the U.S, only native-born citizens are eligible to the office of president.,任何年满十八岁的人都有资格投票。,Anyone over the age of 18 is eligible to vote.,eligibility n. 适任，合格,eligibly adv. 适当地,在美国,只有在美国本土出生的公民才有资格担任总统一职。,Passage A Oxford University,the criminal enterprise a man of enterprise a spirit of enterprise undertake take on an enterprise sizeable enterprise minor enterprise contracting enterprise export-centered enterprise,enterprise,n. 企业, 事业, 计划, 事业心, 进取心, 干事业,罪恶冒险行为,有事业进取心的人,进取精神,创办事业,大型企业,中小企业,承包企业,出口主导型企业,Passage A Oxford University,grant,vt. 同意, 准予, 承认(某事为真) n. 授予之物（尤指政府拨款，补偿金和助学金）,granted the franchise to all citizens,The request was granted by the college committee that he wanted to go where he was most needed.,他要求到最需要的地方去的请求被校务委员会批准了。,Tears came to her eyes when she accepted the certificate granted by the president,她接过校长授予她的证书时，泪水夺眶而出。,grant ones request,take it for granted that,同意某人的要求,认为是理所当然,给予所有公民选举权,Passage A Oxford University,innovative,adj. 创新的, 革新(主义)的,innovation,n. 改革, 创新,技术革新,教育革新,technical innovation,educational innovation,The innovation of air travel in the twentieth century has made the world seem smaller.,20世纪发明的空中飞行似乎使世界变小了。,innovate,v. 创新, 革新,The innovation of the Internet has changed the way how people live.,网络的革新改变了人们的生活方式。,asset, property词义相似，可指个人或公司的“财产，资产”。但后者多指个人财产，而asset常以复数形式出现，多指公司财产，且比property在价值方面更高一些，有时指有价值的，可变卖用的不容还债的东西。有些价值低廉的东西一般只用property而不用asset表示。,fortune表示某人的“成功，发财”，常用于一些固定搭配,wealth意为“财富”，指大量的金钱，财产以及其他值钱的物品。,辨析 asset property fortune wealth treasure,treasure 意为“财富”，但主要指示金银财宝，珠宝，以及有价值极贵重的物品，宝物，珍品,Passage A Oxford University,restrict,v. 限制 restrict sth to sth,We restrict the number of the students per class to 30.,在长沙，城里的车速限制为每小时30英里。,Speed is restricted to 30 m.p.h. in Chansha.,restricted adj. 有限的，制约的，受控制的，受约束的,我们将每个班的人数限定为30人。,The use of the pool is restricted to members only.,游泳池仅对会员开放。,Passage A Oxford University,rigorous,adj. 严格的, 严厉的, 严酷的, 严峻的,a rigorous climate,rigorous programs,严明的纪律,应该给他严厉的惩罚。,He deserved the rigorous punishment.,Having got a reliable report that a passenger was to smuggle drugs, the police carried out a rigorous search.,在得到可靠情报知道有人将走私毒品之后，警察进行了严格的搜查。,严酷的气候,严格的计划,rigorous discipline,Passage A Oxford University,scheme,n. 安排, 配置, 计划, 阴谋, 方案, 图解, 摘要 v. 计划, 设计, 图谋, 策划,scheming their revenge,那个人图谋从他生意合伙人那里骗取数千美元。,The man schemed to cheat his business partner out of thousands of money.,他提出几种促销的计划。,He suggested several schemes to increase sales.,谋划他们的报复,Passage A Oxford University,venture,n. 冒险, 投机, 风险 v. 冒险, 冒昧, 斗胆, 胆敢(谦语),ventured her entire fortune,他把大把的钱拿去赌赛马。,He ventured large sums of money on horse racing.,at a venture,venture on an undertaking,venture ones life in space exploration,冒生命危险探索宇宙空间,碰巧；胡乱地；随意地,冒险从事某项事业,冒着失去她的所有财产的风险,Passage A Oxford University,1. How many international students are studying at Oxford? 2. What does a tutor do? 3. Are good students often granted a scholarship? 4. Why did the students and staff visit more than 3,700 schools and colleges in 2001? 5.Would you like to study at Oxford University if you have an opportunity? List as many reasons as you can think of.,Listen to the whole text.,Understanding the Text,Passage A Oxford University,1. How many international students are studying at Oxford?,About 4,000 international students are studying at Oxford.,Understanding the Text,2. What does a tutor do?,A tutor supervises the students course of study and meets with them every week.,Passage A Oxford University,3. Are good students often granted a scholarship?,Not necessarily. Because most of the scholarships are restricted to certain nationalities and / or courses.,Understanding the Text,4. Why did the students and staff visit more than 3,700 schools and colleges in 2001?,They visited those schools in order to encourage the brightest and best students to apply to Oxford.,Passage A Oxford University,5. Would you like to study at Oxford University if you have an opportunity? List as many reasons as you can think of.,Of course Id like to. Because it has brilliant professors, the first rate class equipments, a great many smart fellows, and so on.,Understanding the Text,Passage A Oxford University,The Structure of the Passage,Part I(Para.1) This paragraph briefly introduces the status of Oxford University in Britain and in the world, its time of foundation and its location. Part II(Paras.2-10) This section tells something concrete about Oxford University. Part III(Paras.11-12) What is the mission of Oxford University and how to complete the mission.,The university has over 16 300 students(1999-2000), almost a quarter of these students are from overseas and more than 130 nationalities are represented.(Para.2),There are over 163000 students in Oxford University(1999-2000). Almost a quarter of these students are foreigners, and they represent more than 130 nationalities.,牛津大学有16 300多名学生 （1999-2000），其中留学生占将近四分之一，来自130多个国家。,Passage A Oxford University,consist of: (no passive) be made up of,The United Kingdom consists of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.,The book consists of eight chapters. His job consists of helping old people who live alone.,由组成,Passage A Oxford University,Notes to the Text,At oxford, each college is a corporate body distinct from the university and is governed by its own head and fellows.(Para.3) 牛津大学的每一个学院都是独立于大学的实体,由该学院的院长和管委会成员负责管理。,Each student at Oxford is assigned to a tutor, who supervises the students program of study, primarily through tutorials. (Para. 4),Each Oxford student has a private supervisor who advices and instructs the student on a one-to-one basis.,在牛津，每个学生都配有一个导师，主要通过导师制监督学生的学习。,Passage A Oxford University,on the basis of,circumstance that provides a reason for some action or opinion,以和平共处五项原则为基础，任何两国政府间都可以进行合理的对话。,On the basis of the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence, there can be reasonable dialogues between any two governments.,On the basis of our sales forecasts we may begin to make a profit next year.,基于我们的销售预测，我们明年将开始盈利。,based on,同义词组：,以.为基础; 依据,Students choose which lectures to attend on the basis of their own special interests and on the advice of their tutors.(Para.4),Students choose lectures to attend according to their own interests and the advice given by their tutors.,学生根据自己的兴趣和导师的建议来选课。,Oxford also grants higher degrees, diplomas, and certificates in a wide variety of subjects.(Para.5),Oxford also grants higher degrees, diplomas, and certificates in other various subjects.,牛津还为其他众多学科领域授予更高的学位，颁发文凭和证书。,a wide variety of = various,他兴趣广泛。,He has a wide variety of hobbies.,The Rhodes scholarship program enables students from the United States, Canada, and many other nations to study at Oxford for a minimum of two years.(Para.6),The Rhodes scholarship program gives students from the United States, Canada and many other nations enough money to study at Oxford at least two years.,罗德奖学金面向美国，加拿大和很多其他国家的学生，为其提供至少两年的牛津学习费用。,enable sb. to do sth. 使某人能够做某事,Money from parents enabled her to buy the house.,Passage A Oxford University,The competition for scholarships and grants is, however, extremely strong and there are usually strict requirements.(Para.7),But the competition for scholarships and grants is extremely fierce and there are always many strict requirements. It is not easy to get.,然而，奖学金和助学金的竞争极其激烈，而且通常要求严格。,Notes to the Text,Passage A Oxford University,apply for,request something, especially officially and in writing,applyto 向申请,apply tofor 向申请,be applied to 适用于，应用于,apply oneself to 致力于，集中精力做某事,他已向银行申请贷款。,He has applied to the bank for a loan.,申请，（正式以书面）提出要求,Students should check carefully that they are eligible to apply for a particular scholarship before making an application as most of the schemes are restricted to certain nationalities and/or programs. (Para. 7),Students should make sure that they are qualified for applying for a particular scholarship because most of the plans will only accept applicants from some specified nations and/or majors.,学生们在申请某一项奖学金之前应仔细核查是否有资格，因为多数奖学金对学生国籍和（或）课程都有限制。,Notes to the Text,Passage A Oxford University,aim at,direct ones effort towards obtaining sth.,有一个为之奋斗的目标是很重要的。,It is important that you should have a goal to aim at.,刘翔致力于在2008年奥运会上赢得一枚金牌。,Liu Xiang is aiming at winning a gold medal in the 2008 Olympic Games.,Everything aimed at has now been achieved.,致力于,目前所以目标均已经达到。,Passage A Oxford University,demonstrate,show clearly by giving proof(s) or example(s),The salesman demonstrated the new washing-machine to the customers. These figures clearly demonstrate the size of the economic problem facing the country.,demonstrate against tax hikes.,vt. 示范, 证明, 论证 vi. 示威,示威反对税收上涨,The university has been named the UKs most innovative university in the Launchit2001 competition, which aimed to discover which. has demonstrated the greatest achievements in innovation and enterpriseof activity.(Para.9),Oxford university has been named as the most innovative university in the U.K in the Launchit 2001 competition. This competition is to discover,在2001年度的“创新杯”竞赛中，牛津大学被授予英国最具创新精神的大学称号，该竞赛旨在发现哪一所英国大学在最广的领域内取得了改革创新和不断进取的最大成就。,Passage A Oxford University,Oxford, Stanford and Yale Universities have recently become partners in a joint “ distance learning ” venture, the Alliance for Lifelong Learning, which will provide online courses in the arts and sciences.,牛津,斯坦福和耶鲁3所大学最近合作开发了”远程学习”项目”终生学习联盟”,该项目将提供文科和理科的在线课程.,Notes to the Text,Passage A Oxford University,in support of,supporting,Will you speak in support of this idea?,你会发言支持这种观点吗？,他拿不出任何证据来证明他的无辜。,He could not produce any evidence in support of his innocence.,支撑，支援，支持，拥护,Passage A Oxford University,at large,as a whole,所有的人都希望和平。,The people at large wanted peace.,The country at large is hoping for great changes.,全国盼望大的变革。,总的来说，男孩子喜欢电脑游戏。,Boys at large like computer games.,整个的，一般的，总的,To help meet this goal the university will give financial and technical support to its teachers in their advanced scientific research for developing the academic environment and the society as a whole.,为了实现这个目标，学校将针对智力环境和整个社会发展的需要，为员工提供进行创新研究所需的设施和支持.,In support of this aim the university will provide the facilities and support for its staff to pursue innovative research by responding to developments in the intellectual environment and society at large. (Para. 12),Passage A Oxford University,Language Focus,1. elected 2. minimum 3. distinct 4. responsibility 5. pursue,6. exploit 7.restrict 8. equip 9. granted 10.awarded,1. at large 2. On the basis of 3. in support of 4. apply for 5. is aiming at,Ex.4,Ex.5,Passage A Oxford University,1. At the meeting, the scholars raised some challenging questions for the city government. 2. They finished the work on time with their joint efforts. 3. They will be given a range of topics to choose from. 4. To do this kind of experiment needs specialized equipment. 5. Learning to drive was a whole new venture for me.,Language Focus,Ex.5,Passage A Oxford University,1. Anyone over the age of 18 is eligible to vote. 2. A form to apply for these scholarships is sent by the university to each student before the start of each semester. 3. On the advice of my doctor, I decided to give up smoking. 4. The park is located right in the center of town. 5. The university provides all the materials and facilities we desire.,Language Focus,Ex.7,Read And Simulate,Reference:,Simulated Translation:,鲁迅是中国最伟大的作家，同时也是世界杰出文人之一。,Lu Xun is the greatest writer in China and one of the worlds outstanding men of letters.,Read And Simulate,Reference:,Simulated Translation:,大部分研究生选择了文学作为其研究领域，其余的选择了语言学。,Most graduate students chose literature as their field of study, and the rest made linguistics their choice.,Read And Simulate,Reference:,Simulated Translation:,人们购买什么样的户型居住是根据各自的特殊需要和有关专家的建议。,People buy what kind of houses to live in on the basis of their special needs and on the advice of relevant experts.,Read And Simulate,Reference:,Simulated Translation:,这些虚拟教学设施能使亚非学生在一个真实的情景中学习外语至少三个月。,These virtual teaching facilities enable overseas students from Asia and Africa to learn a foreign language in a real-life situation for a minimum of three months.,Read And Simulate,Reference:,Simulated Translation:,学生在做出决定前应该认真核查他们是否有资格加入这一俱乐部，因为他们每个人只有一次选择机会。,Students should check carefully that they are eligible to join this club before making their decision, as each of them is restricted to only one choice.,Write About It,At Oxford, the university and its individual colleges have different roles to play. Basically, the colleges select their own undergraduate students and take primary responsibility for the students tutorial teaching and well-being. They also provide accommodations, meals, and other care for their students. As for the University, it provides a wide range of resources for teaching and learning in the form of libraries, laboratories, and other facilities. In addition, the University selects and supervises graduate students, and awards degrees in a wide variety of subjects.,