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中考复习-阅读理解,题材社会文化、风俗习惯、政治经济、历史地理、科学技术,广告、通知、操作说明、表格、新闻报道、应用文、说明文、议论文、记叙文,阅读材料,特征近年来中考阅读理解文章的选材在整体上体现了“原汁原味，语言地道；联系生活，反映实际；主题向上，态度积极”的特点。,体裁,A篇.BCDBB篇.ADCAC篇.BBCAD篇.DBCDE篇.DCDCF篇.BCADD,答案校对,题型典例及解题技巧,常见的命题形式：1.WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?2.Thefourthparagraphmainlytellsusthat_.3.becausetheycan_.4.用When,Where,What,How,Who,Why,Howmany等引导的特殊疑问句要求判断细节。,（一）事实细节题,考查：考查考生对某个具体事实或某个特定的细节是否理解。,【例题解析】,典例：（南通中考）,D,A,B,D,由文章最后两段细节信息可直接得知，当我们用两只眼睛看事物时，可以更好地判断出距离。,【例题解析】,典例：（台州中考）,B.Everyday,wespendtimefillingthenecessarytasksbottlewithusefulthings,likemakingmoney,doinghousework,buyingfoodandpayingbills.Wethenfillanotherbottlewithvoluntarytasks.Thesearethingsthatwedoforothers,butwemaynotenjoythem.Thisbottlegetsfilledwithtasksliketakingchildrentoactivities,cookingfamilymeals,anddoinglaundry.Thosebottlesareveryimportant.Ifwedontfillthemeachday,ourfamilywontrunproperly.()5.Whichactivitybelongstoanecessarytaskaccordingtothepassage?A.Goingtoworkthoughitisrainingheavily.B.Buyingabirthdaygiftforyourgoodfriend.C.Havingayardsaletoraisemoneyforsickkids.D.SendingyoursontoapianolessononSunday.,A,由文章第二段第一句可直接得知，necessarytasks包括makingmoney,与选项A下大雨也去上班赚钱相符。选项B、C、D均为voluntarytasks.,【例题解析】,FAlongtimeago,therelivedaveryoldman.Hewassooldthathecouldnotseeorhearverywell.Healsocouldnotwalkverywell,oreatverywellforhishandshook.Theoldmanssonanddaughter-in-lawthoughthemightmaketroubleattable.So,theyhadhimeathismealsinthecornerofthekitchenwithoutatable.()21.Thesonandhiswifemadetheirfathereatinthekitchento_.A.teachtheirsonagoodlessonB.stayawayfromtroubleC.punishhimforhisshakinghandD.givehimpeaceandcomfort,典例：（绵阳中考）,B,由文章第一段可得知，连词so引导结果状语从句，所以前一句即是原因。故选B。,【例题解析】,1.认真分析题干和选项中的关键词。2.在文章中寻找细节，在下面划线做标记。3.忠于原文，将三个错误选项都勾画出错误的地方。,解题技巧：,（二）猜测词义题,常见命题形式：1.Theword“”inthepassageiscloseto_.2.Whatdoestheword“.”mean?3.TheunderlinedwordinParagraph6means_.4.Theword“”refersto_.,考查：名词、动词、短语或者句子的含义。,1、根据上下文的指代关系进行猜测。2、通过同义词和近、反义词的关系猜词。3、有时生词会用定语（从句）、表语甚至于用逗号、破折号等标点符号引出并加以解释说明。4、正确答案常蕴藏在原文该词出现前后。,解题技巧：,典例：（南通中考）,C.“IsaidnothingtotheoldcoupleaboutitBut，throughagrandchild，theyfounditoutThoughtheyneversaidawordtomeonthematter，theymournedthebirdandburied（埋葬）itIcouldneverlooktheminthefaceafterwardsOh，IhadtoldthemhowsorryIwas!.()9Theunderlinedword“mournedthebird”inParagraph10means“”AwerenotwillingtothrowthebirdawayBshowedsadnessforthelossofthebirdCpunishedmeforthedeathofthebirdDtookcareofthebirdsfamilymembers,由后文“andburiedit埋葬了它”可推断他们很同情这只鸟，在为鸟默哀，所以是对鸟的死亡表现出难过，故选B。,B,【例题解析】,典例：（台州中考）,it为指示代词，指代前文所提到的“timefliesby”。也就是说我们需要时间来做使我们快乐的事情。故选D。,D,【例题解析】,B.However,weoftenforgettofillthethirdbottle-thehappinessbottlethatwefillwithactivitiesthatmakeushappy.Isyourhappinessbottlesometimesemptyattheendoftheday?Betweendoingallthenecessaryandvoluntarytasks,timefliesby,andbeforeweknowit,itistimeforbed.Weallhavedayslikethat.()6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”meaninthethirdparagraph?A.Werequireenoughtimetofillthenecessarytasksbottle.B.Necessaryandvoluntarytasksarelessimportant.C.Allthethreebottlesarefilledtotopattheendoftheday.D.Weneedtimetodosomethingtomakeourselveshappy.,D.Theyfirstcutanappleintotheshapeofanear.Thentheyusedaspecialwaytotakeouttheapplescellandmakeitascaffold.Theteamthenaddedhumancellstotheapple,andwatcheditgrow.“Youcanimplantthesescaffoldsintothebody,andthebodywillsendincellsandabloodsupplyandactuallykeepthesethingsalive,”PellingsaidduringaTedTalkspeech.Theteamputtheapplescaffoldinsidealivingmouseandthemousescellsslowlytookoverthepiecesofapple.（）14.Theunderlinedword“implant”inParagraph7probablymeans_.A.pickB.putC.produceD.protect,典例：（连云港中考）,B,【例题解析】,由连词and连接的两项内容在含义上是接近的或递进的，由此可以推测为“放入、植入”的意思。故选B。,近三年我市中考阅读理解主要题型分布,(三)推理判断题,常见命题形式：1.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?2.Thewritersuggeststhat_.3.Fromthepassage,wecaninferthat_.4.Inthewritersopinion,agoodschoolshould_.5.Thewritersattitudetoward“”is_.,考查：考查透过表面的文字信息，对某些深层次情节经过分析、综合、归纳，作出合乎逻辑的推理。,解题技巧：1.以原文内容为前提，透过现象看本质，领悟作者思想倾向、观点、立场、语气及态度等。2.与原文相同的细节不能选。3.文中没有出现的细节不能跳出文章做推断。,典例：（南通中考）,E.NooneknowsthefutureofglobalizationMostexpertsagreethatitwillcontinuetogrowandhaveanincreasinglygreaterinfluenceonpeopleslivesinthefuture()20.Whatcanweinfer（推断）fromthepassage？AGlobalizationissuretodogoodtopeopleBGlobalizationwillbelimitedinthefutureCGlobalizationmaychangepeopleslivesinthefutureDGlobalizationwillbelovedthroughouttheworld,根据全文最后一句可知“大多数专家认为全球化将持续增长并在未来对人们的生活产生更大的影响。”可知全球化将会改变人们的生活。故选C。,C,【例题解析】,典例：（镇江中考）,D.NowPellingisthinkingofotherfruit,plantsorvegetablestouse.Hesaysthattheshapeofflowerpetalscouldbeperfectforrepairingskin.Andasparagus(芦笋)couldfixabrokenspine(脊柱).Now,Pellingandhisteamaretryinghardtoputthesecrazyideasintoreality.()16.Fromthelastthreeparagraphs,wecaninferthatPellingwillexperimentwithotherfruit,plantsorvegetables_.A.tomakehumanearsB.torepairburntskinC.tofixabrokenspineD.tomakehumanbodyparts,D,根据本文最后三段可知，选项A、B、C均为片面信息，不能概括实验的目的。而且它们都是原文相同的细节，不能算是推断。故答案是D。,【例题解析】,F.Theoldmanssonanddaughter-in-lawlookedatoneanotherandwithoutsayingawordstartedcrying.Thetwoquicklybroughttheiroldfathertotheirdinnertable.Fromthatdayon,theoldmansatwiththefamilywhentheyhadtheirmeals.Evenwhentheoldmansfoodfellhereandthere,thesonandthedaughter-in-lawdidnotsayanything.()24.Theendofthestorysuggeststheoldmanwould_.A.nolongerdrophisdishesB.continuetoeatinthekitchenC.stopshakinghishandswhileeatingD.liveacomfortablelifeinthefamily,典例：（绵阳中考）,根据本文最后一段可知，老人与家人一起在餐桌吃饭，并且食物掉的到处都是，他的儿子和儿媳也不会再说什么。故答案是D,【例题解析】,D,常见命题形式：,1.Whatsthemainideaofthepassage?2.Thispassagemainlytellsusabout_.3.Theauthorspurposeinwritingthistextis_.4.Whichcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?5.Whatsthetopicofthetext?,（四）主旨大意题,考查：考查考生对文章的主题、标题、中心思想的理解程度及辨别主要信息和次要信息的能力。,解题技巧：1.找准主题句。文章头、尾两段。每段首句、尾句。2.根据文章意思全面理解而归纳。3.不能太笼统、言过其实或以偏概全。4.干扰项可能是文中某个具体事实或细节，也可能是文中某些(不完全的)事实或细节片面推出的错误结论。,BThewaywespendourtimecanbedividedintothree“bottles”.Thesearethenecessarytasksbottle,thevoluntary（自愿的）tasksbottleandthehappinessbottle.Willyouractivitiesbringjoytoyourlife?Oraretheothertwotaskseatingupallyourtime?Trytofindwaystoachieveabalancebetweenhowyoufillyourthreebottles.Attheendoftheday,hopefullywevedoneallwecantomakesurethatourhappinessbottleisfilled.（）8.Whichofthefollowingisthebestfor“”inthelastparagraph?A.Makesuretofillallthethreebottles.B.Soconsiderhowyourtimewillbespent.C.Peoplewillhavemorehappyactivities.D.Itsnotenoughtofillthehappinessbottle.,A,典例：（浙江台州）,文章开头和结尾讲的是我们应装满三个“瓶子”，并努力找到方法来平衡三者的关系。由此推断出作者是要人们将三个瓶子都装满。故选A。,【例题解析】,F.“Whyareyoumakingit?”Thesonanswered.“SothatIcanfillitwithyouandmothersfoodwhenIgrowup.”Theoldmanssonanddaughter-in-lawlookedatoneanotherandwithoutsayingawordstartedcrying.Thetwoquicklybroughttheiroldfathertotheirdinnertable.Fromthatdayon,theoldmansatwiththefamilywhentheyhadtheirmeals.Evenwhentheoldmansfoodfellhereandthere,thesonandthedaughter-in-lawdidnotsayanything.()25.Whatdoesthewriterwanttotelluswiththestory?A.Theyoungshouldlookaftertheold.B.Familymembersshouldhavemealstogether.C.Itsterriblywrongtoservemealsinbrokendishes.D.Parentsshouldsetagoodexamplefortheirchildren.,通过文章最后两段可知，孩子会效仿自己的父母，所以父母应做好孩子的榜样。故选D。,【例题解析】,D,典例：（绵阳中考）,技巧回顾,1.细读题目、开篇首句，推测全文内容。2.带着问题，复读原文，掌握文章主旨大意。3.围绕大意，对照选项，理解识别，推断归纳。4.遇到生词,沉着冷静。5.把握时间，速度适中。6.先易后难，瞻前顾后。7.复核全文，确保无误。,提高方法,1.培养阅读兴趣，扩大阅读量，培养英语思维。2.扩大词汇量，尽量减少阅读障碍。3.精心选择阅读材料，进行限时阅读训练。4.熟练的解题方法技巧。,Bestwishes！,
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