学案11(单词讲解)Unit1(M3)

扬中树人20112012学年度第一学期高一英语作业纸 2011.12. 23 学案11（单词讲解）Unit One Module 3 (The world of our senses) 赵玉梅1. sense n. 感觉，知觉 vt. 觉得；感知；了解；明白a sense of humour幽默感 a sense of direction方向感in a sense在某种意义上make sense有意义make sense of this poem懂得这首诗的含义common sense常识There is no sense in doing sth. 做某事无意义2. confuse A with/ and B把A同B弄混 be confused with与 . 混淆3. conduct electricity导电4. observe vt观察；注意；遵守；庆祝observe sb. doing / do观察某人在做某事/做某事observe the rules遵守规则observe holidays/Christmas庆祝节日/圣诞节5. hesitate to do sth/ hesitate about sth 对犹豫不决 without hesitation毫不犹豫6. glance vi. 匆匆一看；瞥视 n. 匆匆一看/ 瞥glance at the clock匆匆看一下钟take a glance at the newspaper headlines. 匆匆看一下报纸刊头stare at 凝视glare at 怒视7. in/within sight 能看见 out of sight of sth看不见catch sight of发现；看到 lose sight of再也看不见keep sight of将-保持在视线之内；照看；监视at the first sight of乍一看at (the) sight of 一看见-就8. approach vt. 接近，靠近 n. 方法The boat is approaching.船快到了Time is approaching. 时间快到了。all approaches to the city通往这座城市的所有道路a new approach to cancer treatment 治疗癌症的新方法9. grasp vt. 抓紧，抓牢grasp this chance抓住机会grasp the main point of the speech 领会这篇演讲的要点。have a good grasp of the English language精通英语。10. anxious adj.渴望的,忧虑的be anxious for peace渴望和平be anxious about 担心anxiety for knowledge求知的渴望anxious与eager的用法区别:eager 和anxious都可以表示 渴望的 后面可加for，to do ，或者that从句anxious还可以表示焦虑的,担忧的 后加介词about/at/for; 另外二者皆是形容词 修饰名词11. grateful adj.感激的,令人愉快的be grateful for all you did 对你所做的一切表示感激12. aid n.援助,帮助,救援,助手,辅助物 v.辅助,援助, in aid of用来帮助某事物或某人with the aid of借助于、的帮助first aid 急救aid sb to do sth./in doing sth帮助某人做某事13. relief n.减轻,解除,轻松,浮雕,救济(品),安慰,替代 to ones relief令人宽慰的是 What a relief! 真叫人宽慰！It was a great relief to find that my family was all safe. 看到我的家人安然无恙，我感到极大的欣慰。14. reduce vt. &vi. 减少 reduce to/ by 减少到/减少了15. puzzlen.谜，疑问 vt.迷惑，使困惑The question puzzled me. 这个问题把我难住了。a puzzled expression困惑的表情be puzzled at / over/ about this puzzlng question因为这个令人困惑的问题而感到困惑16. ignore v. 忽视，不管，不注意 ignorant adj. 不知道的,无知的,愚昧的 be ignorant of 对一无所知 ignore traffic regulations 忽视交通规则17. distance n. 距离，远方at a distance of six miles 距离六英里以外in the distance 在远处18. tap vt&vi. 轻拍，轻敲 n.龙头,塞子 tap him on the shoulder 轻拍他的肩膀 turn on the tap 开水龙头19. suit (见教材完全解读2P. 121)20. attach v.附上,系上,贴上,使依附,使附属,认为 . 重要attach a label to the baggage 往行李上贴了一个标签attach importance to 认为 . 有重要意义, 重视 .21. whisper to sb. 和某人耳语22. on the contrary 相反be contrary to 完全不同23. attract vt吸引 attraction n. attractive adj. be attracted by 被吸引attract my attention/interest 引起我注意/兴趣attract sb. to 吸引、的注意tour attraction 旅游景点24. calm adj.平静的,冷静的 v.(使)平静,(使)镇静keep calm 保持镇静calm down 冷静下来24. jewellery (jewelry) n.（U）珠宝，首饰jewel n. (C)宝石, 珠宝首饰 25. sb. / sth. be likely to do =Its (most / very) likely that 很可能的，有希望的注意：likely, possible, probable26. be employed to do 受雇做某事be employed in 忙于(从事)27. stick (stuck, stuck) v. 插于,刺入,竖起 v. 钉住,粘贴,坚持stick your head out of the window把头伸出窗外Dont stick paper on the wall把纸粘在墙上stick to坚持某种原则区别：1. fee上学、求医以及找律师等付的费用，还可指会费、借书费等。fare: 侧重指旅行时所付的车、船费等费用。cost: 指生产某东西的成本，也泛指商品的价格，可与price换用。expense: 常指实际支付的费用总数额，有时也指钱的花费。charge: 指提供服务时索取的费用，也指货物的价格、价钱。price: 指商品在市场出售的价格；比喻意义指付出的代价2. beat v. 有规律的敲击 如：心脏跳动;雨有规律的敲打窗户beatbeatenhit v. 击中（一次性的）；（灾害等）忽然袭击 n. 成功或受欢迎之物strike v. 打；击（连续的）；向-打击；钟敲响几下；（灾害等）忽然袭击Strike while the iron is hot. 趁热打铁A hurricane suddenly hit/ struck the area. 飓风袭击了这个地区An idea strike me.我忽然想起It suddenly hit her that 他忽然意识到、a big hit畅销的作品3. signn. 迹象；符号；手势 vi. 签署；签名vt. 签署；示意signaln. 信号； vi. 发信号markn. 标志；符号；痕迹 vi. 作记号 vt. 标志；做标记于；打分数sign an agreement签署一项协议 send a signal to the brain将信号送到大脑 trade mark商标；特征 mark on 标上；在上做记录4. wonder vt. 想知道 vi. 感到惊奇；惊叹 un. 惊奇；惊愕；惊叹 cn. 奇迹；奇观(Its) no wonder 难怪What a wonder! 多么令人惊奇。the seven wonders of the world世界7大奇观书上知识点讲解1. Outside, the fog lay(lie) like a thick, grey cloud.本句中的lie意为“展现；展开”, be spread out to view; extend.The valley lay before us. 那山谷展现在我们的眼前。2. that far 那么远 that/this可以作副词，修饰形容词或副词，表示程度The situation was that bad 情况有那么糟spare me this much 匀给我这么多3. set off 开始（旅程，赛跑等）；出发 set out to do 出发；启程set about doing开始；着手set sb/sth back拨回；阻碍；挫折 set sth. apart/aside 拨出；留下将来使用4. by the time+将来时间,句子用将来时, by the time+过去时间,句子用过去完成时By the time you get there, it will be dark.By the time he was eighteen years old, he had traveled to most of the countries in Europe.5. with/by fear 吓坏了 for fear of sth./for fear that 惟恐；生怕fearful adj. 可怕的；可怖的 a fearful railway accident.6. watch out for sth 注意；监视；当心 (look out for) watch out 警戒；提防；警惕be on watch/keep watch 值班；守望7. pay back 偿还pay off 还清；成功，有回报pay sb. off 付清工资并解雇某人8. fear held her still. 害怕使她僵住了hold “使保持某种状态”，常接形容词或副词，作宾补。hold 还有词义 如：抓紧；握牢；拿住hold the door open 保持门开着 hold the line 不把电话挂断；继续持续通话hold ones breath 屏息9. 分数/百分数/half / all / most / some / the rest / lots/ a lot +of +n./ pron.做主语时,谓语动词根据后面的名词或代词意义来决定其单复数形式.Some of the pears have been sent to Mr Green, and the rest _(be) in the fridge.I do much of the housework . The rest _(be) usually done by my husband.Three-fourths of the students come from the south, and one fourth _(be) from the north.10. more thanbe used for more than building不仅仅用于建筑be more than happy to see you见到你非常开心be more shy than unfriendly与其说不友好不如说害羞11. freeze (froze, frozen)freeze sb. to death冻死某人freezing cold极冷 be frozen with由于、而呆住12. get into contact with them.和他们保持联系contact you by telephone用电话和你联系13.afford 通常与can/could/be able to连用 “负担得起（费用）”；couldnt afford to call in a doctor出不起钱请医生can afford to buy a car 能够卖得起汽车Music affords me great pleasure. 音乐给我提供快乐14. add to 增加；扩建 addto把加到add up 加起来 add up to加起来总计15. This/It is the first/ last time (that) sb. +现在完成时This/It was the first/ last time (that) sb. +过去完成时16.倍数的表达方式有五种：(1) + be（或其他动词） + 倍数 + adj /adv的比较级+ than +B.This boy runs three times faster than his brother.(2) + be（或其他动词） + 倍数 +as + adj /adv的原级+ as +B.The car runs three times as fast as I walk.(3) + be + 倍数 + the + 长（宽，高）的名词形式+ of +B.The new road is three times the width of the old one.(4) + be + 倍数 +what从句The number of students is five times what it was four years ago.(5) + be + 倍数 +as many/much as BThere are seven times as many as I expected.17. deadly adj. 极其危险的，致命的，极度的，非常的adv. 非常，极其a deadly disease致命的疾病be deadly sleepy非常瞌睡18. hit the shark on the nose打在鲨鱼的鼻子上这是一种动词+宾语+ by (on, in)+ the+身体部位等的结构，常用的动词有：catch, pull, shake, seize, hit, takehit the boy on the head. 打在男孩的头上lead the cow by the nose 牵着牛的鼻子