普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语试题全国卷3正式版解析

绝密启用前2020年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语试题（全国卷3）试题总评：试卷整体难度不大，以考查基础知识为主。阅读理解以考查细节题为主，大部分都能从文中找到做题的依据。完形填空题选项的设置偏简单，几乎没有出现较偏的生词，注重对上下文的把握。语法方面考查基本的词形转换、时态、定语从句和非谓语动词，难度不大。只要清楚基本概念，就都可以做对。写作考查的是常见的书信作文，考生容易下笔；写作框架已经给出，写作时注意书信的格式和上下文的连贯。注意事项：本试卷分第I卷（选择题）和第II卷（非选择题）两部分。考试结束后将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第I卷注意事项：1.答第I卷前，考考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号填写在答题卡上。2.选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应的题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，在选涂其他答案标号。不能答在本试卷，否则无效。第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AMusicOpera at Music Hall: 1243 Elm Street. The season runs June through August, with additional performances in March and September. The Opera honors Enjoy the Arts membership discounts. Phone: 241-2742. .Chamber Orchestra: The Orchestra plays at Memorial Hall at 1406 Elm Street, which offers several concerts from March through June. Call 723-1182 for more information. .Symphony Orchestra: At Music Hall and Riverbend. For ticket sales, call 381-3300. Regular season runs September through May at Music Hall in summer at Riverbend. http:/www.symphony.org/home.asp.College Conservatory of Music (CCM): Performances are on the main campus(校园) of the university, usually at Patricia Cobbett Theater. CCM organizes a variety of events, including performances by the well-known LaSalle Quartet, CCMs Philharmonic Orchestra, and various groups of musicians presenting Baroque through modern music. Students with I.D. cards can attend the events for free. A free schedule of events for each term is available by calling the box office at 556-4183. http:/www.ccm.uc.edu/events/calendar.Riverbend Music Theater: 6295 Kellogg Ave. Large outdoor theater with the closest seats under cover (price difference).Big name shows all summer long! Phone:232-6220. .1.Which number should you call if you want to see an opera?A. 241-2742. B. 723-1182.C. 381-3300. D. 232-6220.2.When can you go to a concert by Chamber Orchestra?A. February. B. May. C. August. D. November.3.Where can students go for free performances with their I.D. cards?A. Music Hall. B. Memorial Hall.C. Patricia Cobbett Theater.D. Riverbend Music Theater.4.How is Riverbend Music Theater different from the other places?A. It has seats in the open air.B. It gives shows all year round.C. It offers membership discounts.D. It presents famous musical works.【答案】1.A2.B3.C4.A【解析】试题分析：文章是一篇广告类短文。共介绍了五个与音乐有关的活动，包括举办的地点，举办时间，活动内容和联系方式等。1.A细节理解题。根据“opera”定位到第一个活动，第一个活动的联系电话是241-2742，故选A。考点：广告类短文阅读BOn one of her trips to New York several years ago, Eudora Welty decided to take a couple of New York friends out to dinner. They settled in at a comfortable East Side cafe and within minutes, another customer was approaching their table.“Hey, arent you from Mississippi?” the elegant, white-haired writer remembered being asked by the stranger. “Im from Mississippi too.”Without a second thought, the woman joined the Welty party. When her dinner partner showed up, she also pulled up a chair.“They began telling me all the news of Mississippi,” Welty said. “I didnt know what my New York friends were thinking.”Taxis on a rainy New York night are rarer than sunshine. By the time the group got up to leave, it was pouring outside. Weltys new friends immediately sent a waiter to find a cab. Heading back downtown toward her hotel, her big-city friends were amazed at the turn of events that had changed their Big Apple dinner into a Mississippi.“My friends said: Now we believe your stories,” Welty added. “And I said: Now you know. These are the people that make me write them.”Sitting on a sofa in her room, Welty, a slim figure in a simple gray dress, looked pleased with this explanation.“I dont make them up,” she said of the characters in her fiction these last 50 or so years. “I dont have to.”Beauticians, bartenders, piano players and people with purple hats, Weltys people come from afternoons spent visiting with old friends, from walks through the streets of her native Jackson, Miss., from conversations overheard on a bus. It annoys Welty that, at 78, her left ear has now given out. Sometimes, sitting on a bus or a train, she hears only a fragment(片段) of a particularly interesting story.5.What happened when Welty was with her friends at the cafe?A. Two strangers joined her.B. Her childhood friends came in.C. A heavy rain ruined the dinner.D. Some people held a party there.6.The underlined word “them” in Paragraph 6 refers to Weltys.A. readers B. parties C. friends D. stories7.What can we learn about the characters in Weltys fiction?A. They live in big cities.B. They are mostly women.C. They come from real life.D. They are pleasure seekers.【答案】5.A6.D7.C7.C推理判断题。根据“I dont make them up”和“Weltys people come from afternoons spent visiting with old friends, from walks through the streets of her native Jackson, Miss., from conversations overheard on a bus.”可知，Welty小说里的人物并非虚构的，他们都来源于现实的生活，故选C。考点：故事类短文阅读CIf you are a fruit groweror would like to become onetake advantage of Apple Day to see whats around.Its called Apple Day but in practice its more like Apple Month. The day itself is on October 21, but sinceit hascaught on, events now spread out over most of October around Britain.Visiting an apple event is a good chance to see, and often taste, a wide variety of apples. To people who are used to the limited choice of apples such as Golden Delicious and Royal Gala in supermarkets, it can be quite an eye opener to see the range of classical apples still in existence, such as Decio which was grown by the Romans. Although it doesnt taste of anything special, its still worth a try, as is the knobbly(多疙瘩的) Cats Head which is more of a curiosity than anything else.There are also varieties developed to suit specific local conditions. One of the very best varieties for eating quality is Orleans Reinette, but youll need a warm, sheltered place with perfect soil to grow it, so its a pipe dream for most apple lovers who fall for it.At the events, you can meet expert growers and discuss which ones will best suit your conditions, and because these are family affairs, children are well catered for with apple-themed fun and games.Apple Days are being held at all sorts of places with an interest in fruit, including stately gardens and commercial orchards(果园).If you want to have a real orchard experience, try visiting the National Fruit Collection at Brogdale, near Faversham in Kent.8.What can people do at the apple events?A. Attend experts lectures. B. Visit fruit-loving families.C. Plant fruit trees in an orchard. D. Taste many kinds of apples.9.What can we learn about Decio?A. It is a new variety. B. It has a strange look.C. It is rarely seen now. D. It has a special taste.10.What does the underlined phrase “a pipe dream” in Paragraph 3mean?A. A practical idea. B. A vain hope.C.A brilliant plan. D. A selfish desire.11.What is the authors purpose in writing the text?A. To show how to grow apples.B .To introduce an apple festival.C. To help people select apples.D. To promote apple research.【答案】8.D9.C10.B11.B考点：生活故事类短文阅读DBad news sells. If it bleeds, it leads. No news is good news, and good news is no news. Those are the classic rules for the evening broadcasts and the morning papers.But now that information is being spread and monitored(监控) in different ways, researchers are discovering new rules. By tracking peoples e-mails and online posts, scientists have found that good news can spread faster and farther than disasters and sob stories.“The if it bleeds rule works for mass media,” says Jonah Berger, a scholar at the University of Pennsylvania. “They want your eyeballs and dont care how youre feeling. But when you share a story with your friends, you care a lot more how they react. You dont want them to think of you as a Debbie Downer.”Researchers analyzing word-of-mouth communicatione-mails, Web posts and reviews, face-to-face conversationsfound that it tended to be more positive than negative(消极的), but that didnt necessarily mean people preferred positive news. Was positive news shared more often simply because people experienced more good things than bad things? To test for that possibility, Dr. Berger looked at how people spread a particular set of news stories: thousands of articles on The New York Times website. He and a Penn colleague analyzed the “most e-mailed” list for six months. One of his first findings was that articles in the science section were much more likely to make the list than non-science articles. He found that science amazed Times readers and made them want to share this positive feeling with others.Readers also tended to share articles that were exciting or funny, or that inspired negative feelings like anger or anxiety, but not articles that left them merely sad. They needed to be aroused(激发) one way or the other, and they preferred good news to bad. The more positive an article, the more likely it was to be shared, as Dr. Berger explains in his new book, “Contagious: Why Things Catch On.”12 .What do the classic rules mentioned in the text apply to?A. News reports. B. Research papers.C.Private e-mails. D. Daily conversations13.What can we infer about people like Debbie Downer?A. Theyre socially inactive.B. Theyre good at telling stories.C. Theyre inconsiderate of others.D. Theyre careful with their words.14.Which tended to be the most e-mailed according to Dr. Bergers research?A . Sports new. B. Science articles.C. Personal accounts. D. Financial reviews.15 .What can be a suitable title for the text?A. Sad Stories Travel Far and WideB .Online News Attracts More PeopleC. Reading Habits Change with the TimesD. Good News Beats Bad on Social Networks【答案】12.A13.C14.B15.D考点：风俗文化类短文阅读第二节 (共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Everyone knows that fish is good for health. 16 But it seems that many people dont cook fish at home. Americans eat only about fifteen pounds of fish per person per year, but we eat twice as much fish in restaurants as at home. Buying, storing, and cooking fish isnt difficult. 17 This text is about how to buy and cook fish in an easy way.18 Fresh fish should smell sweet: you should feel that youre standing at the oceans edge. Any fishy or strong smell means the fish isnt fresh. 19 When you have bought a fish and arrive home, youd better store the fish in the refrigerator if you dont cook it immediately, but fresh fish should be stored in your fridge for only a day or two. Frozen fish isnt as tasty as the fresh one.Therearemanycommonmethodsusedtocookfish. 20 First,leanitandseasonitwithyourchoiceofspices(调料). Putthewholefishonaplateandsteamitinasteampotfor8to10minutesifitweighsaboutonepound. (Alargeronewilltakemoretime.) Then, itsreadytoserve.A. Donotbuyit.B. Theeasiestistosteamit.C. Thisishowyoucandoit.D. Itjustrequiresalittleknowledge.E. Thefishwillgobadwithinhours.F. Whenbuyingfish, youshouldfirstsmellit.G. Thefatsinfisharethoughttohelppreventheartdisease.【答案】16.G17.D18.F19.A20.B20.B考查上下文串联。根据“Putthewholefishonaplateandsteamitinasteampot”可知，本段介绍的是蒸鱼的方法，故选B。考点：生活类短文阅读第二部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1. 5分，满分30分）阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。When I was 13 my only purpose was to become the star on our football team. That meant 21 Miller King, who was the best 22 at our school.Football season started in September and all summer long I worked out. I carried my football everywhere for 23 .Just before September, Miller was struck by a car and lost his right arm. I went to see him after he came back from 24 . He looked very 25 , but he didnt cry.That season, I 26 all of Millers records while he 27 the home games from the bench. We went 10-1 and I was named most valuable player, 28 I often had crazy dreams in which I was to blame for Millers 29 .One afternoon, I was crossing the field to go home and saw Miller 30 going over a fencewhich wasnt 31 to climb if you had both arms. Im sure I was the last person in the world he wanted to accept 32 from. But even that challenge he accepted. I 33 him move slowly over the fence. When we were finally 34 on the other side, he said to me, “You know, I didnt tell you this during the season, but you did 35 .Thank you for filling in for 36 .”His words freed me from my bad 37 . I thought to myself, how even without an arm he was more of a leader. Damaged but not defeated, he was 38 ahead of me. I was right to have 39 him. From that day on, I grew 40 and a little more real.21.A. cheering for B. beating out C. relying on D. staying with22.A.coach B. student C. teacher D. player23.A.practice B. show C. comfort D. pleasure24.A.school B. vacation C. hospital D. training25.A. pale B. calm C. relaxed D. ashamed26.A. held B. broke C. set D. tried27.A.reported B. judged C. organized D. watched28.A.and B. then C. but D. thus29.A. decision B. mistake C. accident D. sacrifice30.A.stuck B. hurt C. tired D. lost31.A. steady B. hard C. fun D. fit32.A.praise B. advice C. assistance D. apology33.A.let B. helped C. had D. noticed34.A. dropped B. ready C. trapped D. safe35.A.fine B. wrong C. quickly D. normally36.A. us B. yourself C. me D. them37.A.memories B. ideas C. attitudes D. dreams38.A.still B. also C. yet D. just39.A. challenged B. cured C. invited D. admired40.A.healthier B. bigger C. cleverer D. cooler【答案】21.B22.D23.A24.C25.A26.B27.D28.C29.C30.A31.B32.C33.B34.D35.A36.C37.D38.A39.D40.B27.D考查动词辨析。A.reported报告；B. judged 判断；C. organized组织；D. watched观看。while he 27 the home games from the bench受伤后的Miller坐在长凳上观看比赛，故选D。28.C考查并列连词。A.and和；B. then然后；C. but但是；D. thus因此。I was named most valuable player和I often had crazy dreams形成对比，作者虽然被封为最有价值球员，但是他总是做噩梦，故选C。29.C考查名词辨析。A. decision决定；B. mistake错误；C. accident事故；D. sacrifice牺牲。让作者感到内疚的是，仿佛是自己应该为Miller的事故负责，作者觉得有点胜之不武，故选C。30.A考查形容词辨析。A.stuck；B. hurt；C. tired劳累的；D. lost丢失的。saw Miller 30 going over a fence作者看到Miller在翻篱笆，只有一只手臂的Miller翻篱笆很困难，因此应该是被卡在篱笆上了，故选A。考点：生活故事类短文阅读绝密启用前2020年普通高等学校全国统一考试（新课标全国卷III）英语第II卷注意：将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。第二部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。In much of Asia, especially the so-called “rice bowl” cultures of China, Japan, Korea, 41 Vietnam, food is usually eaten with chopsticks.Chopsticks are usually two long, thin pieces of wood or bamboo. They can also be made of plastic, animal bone or metal. Sometimes chopsticks are quite artistic. Truly elegant chopsticks might 42 (make)of gold and silver with Chinese characters. Skilled workers also combine various hardwoods and metal 43 (create)special designs.The Chinese have used chopsticks for five thousand years. People probably cooked their food in large pots, 44 (use) twigs(树枝) to remove it. Over time, 45 the population grew, people began cutting food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly. Food in small pieces could be eaten easily with twigs which 46 (gradual)turned into chopsticks.Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius, 47 lived from roughly 551 to 479 B.C., influenced the 48 (develop) of chopsticks. Confucius believed knives would remind people of killings and 49(be) too violent for use at the table.Chopsticks are not used everywhere in Asia. In India, for example, most people traditionally eat 50 their hands.【答案】41.and42.be made43.to create44.using45.as/when46.gradually47.who48.development49.were50.with47.who考查非限制性定语从句。剧中有逗号，说明是非限制性定语从句，先行词是Confucius孔子，定语从句缺少主语，且指人，故填who。48.development考查词性转换。the名词of，意为“的”，这里指“筷子的发展”，故填development。49.were考查时态。根据句意可知，这里指的是刀子因太暴力而不适合在餐桌上使用，believed后跟一个宾语从句，and连接了两个并列的谓语，主语knives是复数，根据时态一致的原则，这里用一般过去时，故填were。50.with考查介词。句意：在印度，大部分人还是用传统的吃饭方法用手拿，with表示具体工具的名词，故填with。考点：名词；介词；副词；并列连词；非谓语动词；定语从句；状语从句第三部分写作（共两节，满分35分）第一节短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。The teenage year from 13 to 19 were the most difficult time for me . They were also the best and worse years in my life . At the first, I thought I knew everything and could make decisions by yourself. However, my parents didnt seem to think such. They always tell me what to do and how to do it. At one time , I even felt my parents couldnt understand me so I hoped I could be freely from them. I showed them I was independent by wear strange clothes. Now I am leaving home to college. At last, I will be on my own, but I still want to have my parents to turn to whenever need help.【答案】51.yearyears52.worseworst53.the去掉54.yourselfmyself55.suchso56.telltold57.freelyfree58.wearwearing59.tofor60.I need考点：名词；形容词；代词；介词；最高级；固定搭配；时态第二节书面表达（满分25分）61. 假定你是李华，与留学生朋友Bob约好一起去书店，因故不能赴约。请给他写封邮件，内容包括：1.表示歉意；2.说明原因；3.另约时间。注意：1.词数100左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。【答案】Dear Bob,Im sorry to say that I cannot go to the bookstore with you on Friday afternoon. I have just found that I have to attend an important class meeting that afternoon. I hope the change will not cause you too much trouble.Shall we go on Saturday morning? We can set out early so that well have more time to read and select books. If its convenient for you, lets meet at 8:30 outside the school gate. If not, let me know what time suits you best. I should be available any time after school next week.Yours,Li Hua【解析】试题分析：题目要求写一封道歉信，就不能如约一起去书向Bob道歉，使用第一人称和一般现在时进行写作。写作内容包括：表示歉意；说明原因；另约时间。注意使用连接词，使作文内容连贯。亮点说明：范文包括了所有要点内容，做到了语意连贯。范文使用了宾语从句that I have to attend an important class meeting that afternoon和the change will not cause you too much trouble；目的状语从句so that well have more time to read and select books；条件句If its convenient for you；省略句If not等，长短句结合，使内容更加丰富。考点：书信类作文