重点单词(必修 5 Unit 1 Great scientists)(讲义)

重点单词（必修5 Unit 1 Greatscierrtists）（讲义）咼中央语丨重点单词（必修5 Unit 1 Great scientists）1学习单词厂注意重点单词的用法并灵活运 用这些单词。2.牢记核心单词的介词搭配及其重要用法。重点:conclude, attend, expose, absorb, blame难点：absorb的用法。【单词学习】1. conclude 窗kiuq vt& vi.断定，推断；使 结束，终止；达成，缔结conclude sth. with sth. / by doing sth. 以结束conclude sth.（from sth.） that.（从）推断出撕定He concluded from their remarks that they were not in favour of the plan.计划。He concluded by wishing everyone a safe trip home.他讲话结束时祝愿大家回家一路平安。conclusion n.结论;结束draw / reach / arrive at / come to a conclusion得出结论come to the conclusion that.所得结论 是in conclusion=jIve come to the conclusion that he is not the right person for the job.我断定他不适合做这项工作。完成句子 从这些事实中你得出什么结论？do youthe facts? 他以一句名言“有志者，事竟成”结束他的 演讲。Hea famous saying : Wherethere is a will，there is a way. 最后，我想向我的家人表示感谢。, Id like to express my thanks to my family.答案： What； conclude from concluded his speech with In conclusion思路分析：考查conclude from“从得出结论”，本句是特殊疑问句，疑问词在句中充当的是 conclude的宾语，所以应该填入疑问代词what。考查 concludewith 以结束,concluded his speech with“ 以 结束他的演 讲”。考查in conclusion最后。2. attend 比何 诞出席；参加;照顾;护理;注意诚专心;attend on / upon sb.伺候某人；照顾某人 attend to sb. / sth.照顾某人/专心于处理某 事He is very famous in this field, and tens of thousands of fans will attend his lecture this evening.他在这个领域很出名，今晚会有成千上万的 粉丝听他的讲座。He has to attend (on) his sick son.他不得不照顾生病的儿子。He has a great deal to attend to today.他今天有许多事要处理。易混词 （组）辨析例句attend表示出席或参加会 议、仪式、典礼； 也可表示上课、上 学、听报告等They attended college together atBeijingUniversity.他们起就读于 北京大学。join表示加入某一组织 ，并成为其中的一 员，如加入党派、组织、社团、俱乐 部等。其宾语也可 以是人My wish is to join the army after graduation. 我的愿望是毕业 后参军。 join in表示参加正在进行 的小型活动，也可 用于 join sb. in (doing) sth表示加 入某人的行列一起 做某事I hope that everyone will be able to join in the fun.我希望每个人都 能够加入进来， 玩得开心。takepart in表示参加活动，侧 重说明主语参加并 在其中发挥一定的 作用，part前若有 修饰语，前面要用 不定冠词People who take part in sports must be in condition.参加运动的人一 定要保持良好的 健康状态。attendant n.服务员，侍者，侍从，随从;护理者语境填词：用 attend，join in，join, take part in的适当形式填空An old Party member who theParty in 1949 the meeting.He our group discussion andencouraged us to various socialactivities.答案：joined； attended； joined in； take part in思路分析：第一空后宾语the Party是组织 名词,所以应该填入joined；第二空后宾语为the meeting,所以填入 attended；第三空 joined in 表示参加小型的活动；第四空take part in则表 示参加活动并在其中起到重要作用。3. expose 昨迪vt.暴露，揭露；使曝光； 使面临exposeto使显露;暴露expose sth. to sb.向某人揭发某事be exposed to 暴露于，处于危险中Being exposed to sunlight for too much time will do harm to onesskin.暴露在阳光下太久对皮肤有害。It is reported that he exposed the truth of the milk poisoning incident to the public.他向公众揭露了毒奶粉事件的真相。The fact that children are exposed to too many violent online games worries parents nowadays as well as the society.孩子们接触到太多的暴力网络游戏，这一事 实使现在的家长和社会尤为担心。Whento danger and conflict, mentend to increase blood pressure, nervous and anxious.A. exposed; feltB exposed; feelingC. exposing; feelingD. exposing; felt答案：B思路分析：句意：当面对危险和冲突时，人 们往往血压升高，感到紧张或焦虑。可以分析出 句中第一空涉及be exposed to “暴露于”,而在语 法方面则是考虑到时间状语从句的省略问题，句 子的主语是men,故可省略men are主语men与 feel之间是主谓关系,故用现在分词形式。4. absorb州却vt.吸收；并入，并吞；吸引;使专心;理解，掌握absorb sth. (into.)吸收absorb ones attention吸引某人的注意absorb oneself in (=be absorbed in)全神贯 注于，专注于The material can absorb outward-going radiation from the Earth.该物质可以吸收地球向外辐射的能量。The banks would be forced to absorb large losses.银行将被迫承受巨大的损失。I keep the lesson simple because small kids cant absorb that much.我把课讲得很简单，因为小孩子理解不了那 么多。absorbed adj聚精会神的；专心致志的be absorbed by / into.被 所吸收吞并；被be absorbed/buried in全神贯注于；专心于You could tell he was absorbed in his conversation, not paying much attention to the road.可以看出，他当时光顾着说话而没有注意到 路上的情况。Completely absorbed in her new novel, the young writer kept thinking and writing for a dozen hours in her study.这位年轻作家在她的书房里一连十几个小 时专心思考和创作她的新小说。Most little shops have been absorbed into big businesses due to the influence of the global financial crisis.由于受全球金融危机的影响，大多数小店已 被并入大公司。She was soin her job that shedidnhear anybody knocking at the door at all.A. attractedB. absorbedC. drawnD. devoted答案：B思路分析：句意：她如此专注于工作，以至 于完全没有听到有人在敲门。be absorbed in / be devoted to.专心致力于 ，全神贯注于 。 本题四个选项中容易误选devoted，因此提醒考 生需要注意介词的搭配，这也是高考当中常见的 出题点，要给予足够重视。5. blamevt责备；谴责；把归咎于n.过失；责备blame sb. for sth因某事而责备某人 blame sth. on sb把某事怪到某人头上 be to blame (for.)应承担责任;该受责备(用 主动形式表被动意义)get / accept / bear / take the blame for. 对负责lay / put the blame for sth. on sb.把某事归 咎于某人身上Police are blaming the accident on dangerous driving.警方把事故归咎于危险驾驶。Mr. Green stood up in defence of the 16-year-old boy, saying that he was not the one to blame.格林先生站起来为这个16岁的男孩做辩 护，说他不是该受谴责的人。According to the drivers explanation, it was not his carelessness but the bad road conditions that were to blame for the accident.根据驾驶员的解释，事故的发生不是由于他的粗心大意而是恶劣的道路状况造成的。The drunk driver should take the blame forthe traffic accident.那位醉酒司机应该承担交通事故责任。It was the boy, rather than his teachers, thatfor what the boy had done.A. were to blameB. were to blamedC. was to blameD. was to be blamed答案：C思路分析：句意：是这个男孩应该为他所做 的事情受到责备，而不是他的老师们。在题目中 含有一个强调句型结构，句子的主语是the boy， 空中所填内容应当表示“应受责备”故而选用be to blameo本题中虽然boy与blame之间是动宾 即被动关系，但是要特别注意此处须用 be to blame,此处to blame用主动形式表示被动含义。 这也是blame 一词的常考点，须引起足够的重 视。1. He became inspired when he thought abouthelping ordinary peopleto cholera （霍乱）A. exposeB. exposedC. exposingD. to expose2. When he came back three hours later, theywere still sitting on the sofa, inconversation.A. absorbingB. absorbedC. to absorbD. to beabsorbed3. 一Pity you missed the lecture on nuclear pollution.一Iit, but I was busy preparingB hadfor a job interview. A. attendedD. wouldattendedC. would attend have attended4. The, I think, he drew from his simple experiment is not scientific.A. attention B. conclusion C. promise D. relation5. Nowadays, children are to toomany violent online games, which is bad for the development of their character.A. linkedB. ledC. usedD. exposed答案：BBDBD思路分析：1. expose使暴露于；显露；使接触”在 此处作后置定语修饰people,二者存在动宾关 系，故用过去分词形式。2. 考查非谓语动词。句意：当他三个小时 后回来时，他们仍坐在沙发上，聚精会神地交谈。be absorbed in为固定搭配,意为“专心于”所以此处应该用absorb的过去分词形式，作伴随 状语。3. 考查虚拟语气。句意：一很可惜你错过 了这次有关核污染的演讲。一我本来要参加，但 忙于准备工作面试。根据but后面的内容可知， 设空处表达与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，所以正 确答案为D项。4. 句意：我认为他从简单的实验中得出的结论是不科学的。draw a conclusion “得出结 论” draw onesattention “引起某人注意”5. 考查动词辨析。句意：当今，孩子们接触 到过多暴力网络游戏，这对他们的性格发展不 好。be exposed to接触，暴露在，符合句